Initial breaking characteristics of basic roof in trapezoidal stope of pseudo inclined working face
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摘要: 采煤工作面伪斜布置时，采空区基本顶呈非矩形状，此时采空区上方基本顶的破断位置及其破断规律与矩形顶板有所不同。为研究伪斜工作面基本顶初次破断特征，根据弹性薄板力学理论建立直角梯形基本顶的板结构初次破断力学模型，同时推导出直角梯形薄板的弯矩公式，分析顶板破断位置及其破断规律；依据有限差分原理分析基本顶的应力极值大小及位置特征，对理论推导结果进行验证。结果显示，四边固支直角梯形薄板内力分布规律与矩形薄板大体相似，但在四条边界上，主弯矩极值的位置与矩形薄板有所差异，后者都位于中心部位，而前者整体向逆时针方向一侧移动，基本顶的初次来压呈椭圆状倾斜“O-X”型。Abstract: When the stope is pseudo-inclined, the main roof of the goaf is basically non-rectangular. At this time, the fracture position and fracture rules of the goaf basic roof are different from that of the rectangular roof. To study the initial fracture characteristics of the basic roof of the pseudo-inclined stope, based on the mechanics theory of elastic thin plate. The initial failure mechanical model of right-angled trapezoidal basic roof plate structure was established, at the same time the bending formula of the right-angled trapezoidal thin plate was deduced, the fracture position and fracture rules were analyzed; at the same time According to the finite difference principle, the principal stress extreme value and position characteristics of the basic roof were analyzed, and the theoretical deduction results were verified. The results show that the internal force distribution of a right-angled trapezoidal thin plate with four sides fixed is roughly similar to that of a rectangular thin plate, but on four borders the position of the main bending moment extreme value is different from that of the rectangular thin plate. The latter are all located in the centre, while the formerly on the four sides of the thin plate moves to one side in the counterclockwise direction as a whole, and the Initial Breaking of the basic roof is inclined "O - X" type.
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Key words:
- pseudo-incline workface /
- basic Roof /
- trapezoidal thin plate /
- initial breaking
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图 4 直角梯形薄板内主弯矩分布
Figure 4. Distribution of bending moment in angle trapezoidal thin plate
图 5 不同方向下主弯矩分布规律
Figure 5. Distribution law of principal bending moment in different directions
图 6 直角梯形与矩形薄板四边最大弯矩位置
Figure 6. Position of maximum bending moment on four sides of rectangular trapezoid and rectangular thin plate
图 9 直角梯形四条边界顶板应力分布曲线
Figure 9. Four boundary stress distribution curves of right angle trapezoid
图 10 直角梯形薄板首先破断点位置与O-X型破断
Figure 10. Position of initial breaking point and O-X shape of rectangular trapezoidal thin plate
图 11 基本顶垮落特征
d1—第一次周期来压后，第二次周期来压前进风巷端头最大悬顶距离；
d2—第一次周期来压后，第二次周期来压前回风巷端头最大悬顶距离；
d3—上次周期来压后，下次周期来压前进风巷端头最大悬顶距离；
d4—上次周期来压后，下次周期来压前回风巷端头最大悬顶距离Figure 11. Characteristics of basic roof caving
表 1 煤层顶板岩性情况
Table 1. Lithology of coal seam roof
顶板名称 岩石名称 厚度/ m 力学性质 抗压强度/ MPa 抗拉强度/ MPa 抗剪强度/ MPa 泊松比 直接顶 中粒砂岩 1.1 $\frac{{17.2 \sim 35.2}}{{28.8}}$ $\frac{{0.78 \sim 1.90}}{{1.3}}$ $\frac{{2.27 \sim 2.42}}{{2.34}}$ — 基本顶 中、粗粒砂岩 5 $\frac{{18.7 \sim 38.9}}{{26.7}}$ $\frac{{0.59 \sim 1.70}}{{0.98}}$ $\frac{{2.42 \sim 2.56}}{{2.48}}$ 0.3 
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