| 低温中和-加压酸浸提取煤矸石中铝铁 |
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| 引用本文： | 李浩林,曾德恢,郑光亚,夏举佩.低温中和-加压酸浸提取煤矸石中铝铁[J].化工进展,2021,40(7):4011-4020. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李浩林 曾德恢 郑光亚 夏举佩 |
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| 作者单位： | 昆明理工大学化学工程学院，云南 昆明 650500 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(21566018) |
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| 摘 要： | 以贵州盘县煤矸石为研究对象，为解决其工业生产提取铝铁时酸耗量大、酸利用率低及后续铝铁产品分离困难等问题，根据其矿物组成特点，本文首次采用低温中和-加压酸浸工艺对铝铁提取进行了详细研究。室温下中和最优工艺条件为20%理论酸耗、浸出时间120min、液固比3∶1（硫酸溶液与固体的质量比，以g/g计）；以中和渣为原料，煤矸石理论酸耗为基础，加压酸浸最优工艺条件为浸出时间120min、浸出温度150℃、液固比3.5∶1（硫酸溶液与固体的质量比，以g/g计）。在此条件下，氧化铁浸出率为98.37%，氧化铝浸出率为95.77%，酸浸渣灰分中氧化硅质量分数为90.2%，氧化钛质量分数为9.18%。以最优工艺条件下的酸浸液循环中和新鲜煤矸石，得到的铝铁提取液中氧化铁浓度为57.95g/L，氧化铝浓度为62.20g/L。相比常规酸浸工艺具有酸耗低、酸利用率高等优点。借助X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等分析手段，初步对两步溶出过程进行了机理分析，为煤矸石工业生产提取铝铁提供了新路线和理论支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 煤矸石 中和 加压酸浸 铝 铁 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-03 |
Extraction of aluminum and iron from coal gangue by low temperature neutralization-pressure acid leaching |
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| LI Haolin,ZENG Dehui,ZHENG Guangya,XIA Jupei.Extraction of aluminum and iron from coal gangue by low temperature neutralization-pressure acid leaching[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2021,40(7):4011-4020. |
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| Authors: | LI Haolin ZENG Dehui ZHENG Guangya XIA Jupei |
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| Affiliation: | Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to solve the problems of high acid consumption, low acid utilization rate and the difficulty in separating aluminum and iron during their industrial extraction from coal gangue(CG), low-temperature neutralization-pressure acid leaching is adopted for the first time to achieve high-efficient extraction of aluminum and iron from the CG from Panzhou, Guizhou province. The optimal process conditions for the room temperature neutralization process are as follow: the acid is 20% of the theoretical consumption, the leaching time is 120min, and the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to solid is 3∶1. With the neutralized slag as raw material, the optimal process conditions for the pressurized acid leaching process are as follow: leaching time of 120min, leaching temperature of 150℃, and the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to solid of 3.5∶1 with the theoretical acid consumption of CG. Under the aforementioned conditions, the leaching rates of aluminum and iron were 95.77%, 98.37% respectively, and the contents of silicon and titanium in acid residue ash were 90.2%, 9.18% respectively. The fresh coal gangue was neutralized with the recycled acid leaching solution, yielding the concentrations of aluminum and iron in the extract solution of 62.20g/L, 57.95g/L respectively. Compared with the conventional acid leaching process, the acid consumption by the two-step process is lower, and the acid utilization efficiency is higher. Through the characterizations of the CG and slag by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM), the mechanism of carbonic acid leaching process in gangue was preliminarily analyzed. This work provides a new route and theoretical support for the industrial extraction of aluminum and iron from CG. |
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| Keywords: | coal gangue neutralization pressure acid leaching aluminum iron |
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