| 飞鸟与旋翼无人机雷达微多普勒测量实验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈小龙,南钊,张海,陈唯实,关键.飞鸟与旋翼无人机雷达微多普勒测量实验研究[J].电波科学学报,2021,36(5):704-714. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈小龙 南钊 张海 陈唯实 关键 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.海军航空大学，烟台 264001 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(U1933135)；山东省重点研发计划（2019GSF111004，2019JZZY010415） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对飞鸟和旋翼无人机目标识别的迫切需求，开展微多普勒测量实验研究. 首先对飞鸟翅膀扑翼运动、无人机目标主体运动和旋翼转动进行建模分析与参数化表征，从雷达动目标回波中提取多普勒频移信息；然后利用短时傅里叶变换转换为时频图，对目标微多普勒特征进行精细化描述，并从雷达参数、目标类型、观测条件等多个角度重点分析了微动特征的影响因素；最后利用K波段线性调频连续波雷达开展飞鸟和两款典型旋翼无人机（“御MAVIC Air 2”和“悟Inspire 2”）微动测量实验，对微动参数进行估计，验证了理论模型的正确性. 实测数据分析表明:目标旋翼叶片长度越大、转速越高，微多普勒频率越大；叶片数目增多导致微动特征重叠；雷达观测角度、调制周期以及时频分析的时间窗长均会对微动特性产生重要影响.
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| 关 键 词： | 飞鸟目标 旋翼无人机 微多普勒 雷达特性分析 参数估计 时频分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-09-03 |
Experimental research on radar micro-Doppler of flying bird and rotor UAV |
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| CHEN Xiaolong,NAN Zhao,ZHANG Hai,CHEN Weishi,GUAN Jian.Experimental research on radar micro-Doppler of flying bird and rotor UAV[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2021,36(5):704-714. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Xiaolong NAN Zhao ZHANG Hai CHEN Weishi GUAN Jian |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Naval Aviation University, Yantai 264001, China2.91306 Unit of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Shanghai 200436, China3.Airport Research Institute, China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology, Beijing 100028, China |
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| Abstract: | In response to the urgent need for target recognition of flying birds and rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), micro-Doppler measurement experiments are carried out. Firstly, the flapping wing movement of flying birds, the main body movement of the rotary-wing UAV and the rotation of the rotor are modelled and characterized. Information from the radar moving target echo is extracted and the puller frequency shift information is then converted into a time-frequency map using short-time Fourier transform to finely describe the micro-Doppler characteristics of the target. The influencing factors of micro-Doppler characteristics are analyzed from multiple perspectives such as radar parameters, target types, and observation conditions. Micro-motion measurement experiments of flying birds and rotary-wing UAVs (MAVIC Air 2 and Inspire 2) are carried out using K-band chirp continuous wave radar to estimate micro-motion parameters, and the results verify the correctness of the theoretical model. The analysis of the measured data shows that the longer the target rotor blade length and the higher the speed, the higher the micro-Doppler frequency; the increase in the number of blades leads to the overlap of the micro-motion characteristics; the radar observation angle, modulation period and time window length of time-frequency analysis all have important influences on the micro-Doppler characteristics. |
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