| 高层建筑电梯楼梯协同疏散的仿真实验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李倩,鲁祥友,景艳阳,李德辉,方武.高层建筑电梯楼梯协同疏散的仿真实验研究[J].工程管理学报,2020,34(2):95-100. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李倩 鲁祥友 景艳阳 李德辉 方武 |
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| 作者单位： | 安徽建筑大学 环境与能源工程学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;安徽省高等学校省级自然科学研究项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来高层建筑逐渐增多，但高层建筑普遍存在逃生线路长，火灾严重性大的问题。为了缩短高层建筑在消防疏散中的疏散时间，降低高层建筑火灾发生后的事故严重程度，利用疏散软件Pathfinder分析了高层建筑中使用电梯楼梯协同疏散的可行性。结果表明:高层建筑电梯可以作为协同疏散的辅助工具，增加一部电梯比单纯增加电梯最大运行速度要更加有效；设置每层电梯都使用总人数的固定比例进行疏散的时候，楼梯资源不易被充分利用；当设置n层及n层以上每层总人数的不同比例使用电梯进行向下疏散，存在最佳疏散楼层N11及最佳疏散比例20%，最后一个通过电梯疏散完毕与最后一个通过楼梯疏散完毕的人员仅相差2.7s，此方法可以为相关高层建筑火灾疏散策略的决策提供一定的参考依据。实验结果说明了电梯疏散的教育和培训很重要，在高层建筑中合理使用电梯进行疏散可以很大程度减少总疏散时长。
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| 关 键 词： | 高层建筑 火灾 电梯 协同疏散 消防 |
A Simulation Study on Elevator / Stair Cooperative Evacuation of High-rise Buildings |
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| LI Qian,LU Xiang-you,JING Yan-yang,LI De-hui,FANG Wu.A Simulation Study on Elevator / Stair Cooperative Evacuation of High-rise Buildings[J].Journal of Engineering Management,2020,34(2):95-100. |
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| Authors: | LI Qian LU Xiang-you JING Yan-yang LI De-hui FANG Wu |
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| Affiliation: | School of Environment and Energy Engineering，Anhui Jianzhu University |
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| Abstract: | In recent years，the number of high-rise buildings is increasing，which encounters problems such as long escape routes and serious fire in high-rise buildings. To shorten the evacuation time of high-rise buildings in the fire evacuation and reduce the severity of accidents after a high-rise building fire，this paper utilizes the evacuation software Pathfinder to investigate the feasibility of using elevators and stairs to cooperatively evacuate in the high-rise building. The results show that the elevator for high-rise buildings can be used as an auxiliary tool for cooperative evacuation. Adding an elevator is more effective than simply increasing the maximum operational speed of the elevator. The stair resources are not easy to be fully utilized when setting fixed proportion of the total number of people to use the elevator of each floor for evacuation. The best evacuation floor（N11）and the best evacuation rate（20%）are appeared when set N floor and above with different proportion of the total number of people. And the difference between the last person evacuated by elevator and the last evacuated by stairs is only 2.7s. Therefore，this method can provide some guidelines for the decision-makers to consider the strategies of the relative fire evacuation of the high-rise buildings. The experimental results show that the education and training of elevator evacuation is very important. The rational use of elevators for evacuation in high-rise buildings can greatly reduce the total evacuation time. |
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| Keywords: | high-rise building fire elevator cooperative evacuation firefighting |
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