| 封闭型无溶剂聚氨酯超细纤维合成革基布的制备及性能 |
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| 引用本文： | 何远鑫,马兴元,丁博,吴晓珍,贺营花,郑四龙.封闭型无溶剂聚氨酯超细纤维合成革基布的制备及性能[J].复合材料学报,2021,38(2):389-397. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何远鑫 马兴元 丁博 吴晓珍 贺营花 郑四龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院，西安 710021 |
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| 基金项目： | 福建省局域重大项目(2019H4018)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 将聚酰胺6-碱溶性聚酯(PA6-COPET)海岛纤维非织造布与封闭型无溶剂聚氨酯(BSFPU)通过浸渍、碱减量和后整理等工艺制备了BSFPU超细纤维合成革基布。分析和探讨了BSFPU浸渍量对超细纤维合成革基布力学性能和卫生性能的影响，采用电子扫描显微镜对其微观结构进行表征。结果表明:海岛纤维经过减量后形成具有37根纤维且单纤直径约为3 μm的束状超细纤维，BSFPU超细纤维合成革基布形成了近似天然皮革的微观结构。随着BSFPU浸渍量的提高，碱减量过程减量率从31.59wt%降低至28.22wt%；BSFPU超细纤维合成革基布的断裂伸长率和撕裂强度下降；拉伸强度保持不变直到浸渍量大于100wt%时开始下降；透气量从50 086 mL/(m2·s)降低至24 757 mL/(m2·s)，透水汽量从790.47 mg/(10 cm2·24 h)下降至488.70 mg/(10 cm2·24 h)。经过测试，BSFPU超细纤维合成革基布能够满足行业检测标准，并且其卫生性能明显优于市售溶剂型聚氨酯超细纤维合成革基布。
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| 关 键 词： | 封闭型无溶剂聚氨酯 合成革 复合材料 力学性能 微观结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-13 |
Preparation and properties of blocked solvent-free polyurethane ultrafine synthetic leather base cloth |
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| HE Yuanxin,MA Xingyuan,DING Bo,WU Xiaozhen,HE Yinghua,ZHENG Silong.Preparation and properties of blocked solvent-free polyurethane ultrafine synthetic leather base cloth[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2021,38(2):389-397. |
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| Authors: | HE Yuanxin MA Xingyuan DING Bo WU Xiaozhen HE Yinghua ZHENG Silong |
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| Affiliation: | College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China |
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| Abstract: | Blocked solvent-free polyurethane(BSFPU) ultrafine synthetic leather base cloth was composed of polyamide 6-alkali soluble polyester(PA6-COPET) sea-island fiber nonwoven and blocked solvent-free polyurethane through impregnation, alkali decrement and finishing method. Microstructures changing during preparation were observed by scanning electron microscope, and then the effect of BSFPU leaching ratio on the mechanical property and hygienic performance of BSFPU ultrafine synthetic leather base cloth was studied. The results show that the sea island fibers are reduced to 37 bundles with a diameter of about 3 μm and the microstructure similar to natural leather is observed in BSFPU ultrafine synthetic leather base cloth. With the BSFPU leaching ratio increasing, the deweighting rate in the process of alkali decrement goes down from 31.59 wt% to 28.22 wt%;the elongation at break and tear strength of BSFPU ultrafine synthetic leather base cloth reduce continuously;the tensile strength almost remains the same result and the number begins to decline until the leaching ratio above 100 wt%;the air permeability also decreases from 50 086 mL/(m2·s) to 24 757 mL/(m2·s) and the water vapor permeability reduces from790.47 mg/(10 cm2·24 h) to 488.70 mg/(10 cm2·24 h). After testing, BSFPU ultrafine synthetic leather base cloth can meet the industry standards and its hygienic performance is significantly higher than commercially available solvent-based polyurethane ultrafine synthetic leather base cloth. |
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| Keywords: | blocked solvent-free polyurethane synthetic leather composite materials mechanical property microstructure |
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