| 废弃露天矿坑的生态修复方式及发展 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜莉莉,刘文豪,莫志凯,李鑫林,樊 恒,沈乐滨,苗 安.废弃露天矿坑的生态修复方式及发展[J].中州煤炭,2022,0(2):54-59，65. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜莉莉 刘文豪 莫志凯 李鑫林 樊 恒 沈乐滨 苗 安 |
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| 作者单位： | （中国矿业大学（北京） 能源与矿业学院，北京 100083） |
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| 摘 要： | 废弃露天矿坑的存在，给水资源、土地资源、地面景观和生物多样性等环境安全带来了威胁，对其进行生态修复已刻不容缓。通过查阅相关文献，介绍了国内外废弃露天矿坑生态修复的一些经验和做法，列举了典型案例，并总结归纳了生态修复方式的进展阶段和重要性。然而，不管以何种方式修复，研究认为:确保边坡稳定、恢复水土健康、选取适宜植被、3S技术的应用和景观生态学的运用这5个方面是生态修复的基础和保障，而专业人才的培养、社会资本的加入、国土空间规划“双评价”理念的借鉴和生态银行的建立，必将加速废弃露天矿坑生态修复的发展进程。
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| 关 键 词： | 废弃 露天矿坑 生态修复 修复方式 修复基础 |
〗Ecological restoration patterns and development of abandoned open mine pits |
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| Du Lili,Liu Wenhao,Mo Zhikai,Li Xinlin,Fan Heng,Shen Lebin,Miao An. 〗Ecological restoration patterns and development of abandoned open mine pits[J].Zhongzhou Coal,2022,0(2):54-59，65. |
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| Authors: | Du Lili Liu Wenhao Mo Zhikai Li Xinlin Fan Heng Shen Lebin Miao An |
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| Affiliation: | （School of Energy and Mining，China University of Mining Technology(Beijing)，Beijing 100083，China） |
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| Abstract: | The abandoned open pits pose threats to environmental security such as water resources，land resources，ground landscape and biodiversity，so the ecological restoration of abandoned open pits brooks no delay.By consulting related literatures，some experiences and practices of ecological restoration of abandoned open pits at home and abroad were introduced，some typical cases were listed，and the stage and importance of ecological restoration patterns were summarized.However，regardless of the patterns of restoration，this article believed that ensuring slope stability，restoring water and soil health，selecting suitable vegetation，and the application of 3S technology and landscape ecology are the foundation and guarantee of ecological restoration.In addition，the training of professional talents，the addition of social capital，the use of "double evaluation" of land spatial planning，and the establishment of ecological banks will definitely accelerate the development process of ecological restoration of abandoned open pits. |
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| Keywords: | ,abandoned, open pit, ecological restoration, restoration pattern, restoration foundation |
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