| 铝-钢异种金属激光熔钎焊工艺研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张广栋,汤立松.铝-钢异种金属激光熔钎焊工艺研究[J].激光技术,2020,44(3):326-332. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张广栋 汤立松 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.承德石油高等专科学校 汽车工程系，承德 067000 |
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| 基金项目： | 河北省重点研发计划资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了实现高强度铝-钢钎焊接头，以车用08Al钢和铝合金为试验对象，以填粉方式选用纯铝粉末作为钎料，进行了异种金属激光熔钎焊接试验研究。综合能量散射光谱能谱分析和X射线荧光衍射物相分析，接头界面处的金属间化合物主要有FeAl，Fe2Al5和Fe4Al13。研究了添加钎剂对接头整体成形及激光偏移量对接头形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明，钎剂的添加改善了接头成形缺陷，提高了焊趾区的润湿性；当激光偏移量为0.8mm~1.6mm时，形成了有效的熔焊接头，且随着激光偏移量的增加，接头润湿角由35°增加到54°，反应层的金属间化合物厚度逐渐减小，抗拉性能呈先提高后降低的趋势；在激光偏移量为0.8mm时，接头润湿角为38°，反应层金属间化合物厚度8μm，平均机械抗力达到210N/mm，具有较高的工程应用价值；焊缝润湿角、连接宽度和反应层金属间化合物厚度共同决定了接头的机械抗力水平。该研究对于保证车身激光焊接质量提供了技术支持和重要的指导意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 激光技术 激光熔钎焊 激光偏移量 铝-钢异种金属 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-06-21 |
Study on laser powder filling brazing technology of aluminum-steel dissimilar metals |
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| Abstract: | In order to realize the brazing joint of high strength aluminum-steel, took 08Al steel and aluminum alloy for automobile were taken as the experimental object, and pure aluminum powder was selected as solder by filling powder to carry on the experimental study of dissimilar metal laser fusion brazing. Based on energy dispersive spectroscopy energy spectrum analysis and X-ray diffraction phase analysis, the main intermetallic compounds at the interface of the joint are FeAl, Fe2Al5 and Fe4Al13. The effect of adding brazing flux on the whole forming of the joint and the effect of laser offset on the morphology and mechanical properties of the joint were studied. The results show that the addition of the bonding agent improves the joint forming defect and the wettability of the toe area. When the laser offset is 0.8mm~1.6mm, an effective fusion welding joint is formed. With the increase of laser offset, the wetting angle of the joint increases from 35° to 54°, while the thickness of intermetallic compounds in the reaction layer decreases gradually, and the tensile properties of the reaction layer increase at first and then decrease. When the laser offset is 0.8mm, the wetting angle of the joint is 38°, the thickness of the intermetallic compound in the reaction layer is 8μm, and the average mechanical resistance is 210N/mm, which has high engineering application value. The wetting angle of the weld, the width of the joint and the thickness of the intermetallic compound in the reaction layer determine the mechanical resistance level of the joint. The research will provide technical support and important guidance for ensuring the quality of laser welding of the body. |
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