| 山西省地质灾害控灾因素分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李,淼.山西省地质灾害控灾因素分析[J].中州煤炭,2018,0(10):55-59. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李 淼 |
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| 作者单位： | （山西省煤炭地质148勘查院，山西 太原 030053） |
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| 摘 要： | 地形地貌是地质灾害发生和活动的基础，一定程度上决定了地质灾害发生的类型、数量、密度和规模。山西地处黄土高原东部，地形高差大、地质条件复杂、水土流失严重，极易形成崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害，地质灾害种类多、分布广、数量大。通过对山西省地质灾害发生特点和规律的研究，发现山西省地质灾害的主要控灾因素是地貌、年均降雨量和坡度。在不同的地貌单元内，黄土地貌是崩塌和泥石流等地质灾害的高发区，降雨是山西地质灾害的重要的诱发因素，区域地质灾害密度与区域年均雨量关系密切。全省年均降雨量低于400 mm和高于800 mm的地区基本不发生地质灾害；年均降雨量在450~600 mm地区最易发生地质灾害，其中年均降雨量在500~600 mm地区最易发生崩塌和滑坡灾害。地形坡度和崩塌呈明显的相关性，是影响崩塌发生的最主要因素。40°~50°坡角度是大型滑坡的高发区；当坡度大于50°后，大型崩塌的数量随着坡度的增大呈指数式增加。研究对山西省地质灾害的防治具有一定的指导意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 山西省 地质灾害 控灾因素 崩塌 滑坡 泥石流 |
Analysis on factors controlling geological hazards in Shanxi Province |
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| Li Miao. Analysis on factors controlling geological hazards in Shanxi Province[J].Zhongzhou Coal,2018,0(10):55-59. |
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| Authors: | Li Miao |
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| Affiliation: | （Coal Geological Exploration 148 Institute of Shanxi Province，Taiyuan 030053，China） |
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| Abstract: | Topography and geomorphology are the basis for the occurrence and activities of geological disasters，to a certain extent，determine the type，quantity，density and scale of geological disasters.Located in the east of the Loess Plateau，Shanxi has large terrain elevation，complicated geological conditions and serious soil erosion，which can easily lead to geological disasters such as landslide and debris flow.Many types of geological disasters，widely distributed，large number.Through the study of the characteristics and laws of the occurrence of geological hazards in Shanxi Province，it is found that the main controlling factors of geological disasters in Shanxi Province are landform，average annual rainfall and slope.In different geomorphic units，the loess landform is a high incidence area of geological disasters such as collapse and debris flow.Rainfall is an important inducing factor of Shanxi geological disasters.The density of regional geological disasters is closely related to the annual average rainfall.The province′s average annual rainfall below 400 mm and higher than 800 mm in the basic geological disasters do not occur；average annual rainfall between 450~600 mm most prone to geological disasters，of which the annual average rainfall 500~600 mm most prone to collapse and landslide disaster.Landslide gradient shows obvious correlation with collapse，which is the most important factor affecting the collapse.40°~50° slope angle is a large area of high incidence of landslides.When the slope is greater than 50°，the number of large-scale collapse increases exponentially with the increase of slope.It has certain guiding significance for the prevention and control of geological disasters in Shanxi Province. |
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| Keywords: | ,Shanxi Province, geological disaster, risk factors, collapse, landslide, debris flow |
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