Production of Palm-Based Esteramine Through Heterogeneous Catalysis |
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| Authors: | Haliza Abdul Aziz Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua Rozita Yusoff Noor Azeerah Abas Zainab Idris Hazimah Abu Hassan |
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| Affiliation: | 2. Advanced Oleochemical Technology Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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| Abstract: | This study involved maximizing the conversion of palm‐based methyl palmitate to esteramine, an intermediate for esterquats via transesterification with triethanolamine, aided by Ca–Al as a heterogeneous catalyst in a 500‐ml reaction unit. The effect of process parameters on the conversion was investigated. The optimum process parameters, consisting of a mole ratio of 1.8:1 (methyl palmitate:triethanolamine), 170 °C, 10 mbar, 0.5 % catalyst and a duration of 2 h, produced more than 90 % conversion. Transesterification employing Ca–Al is more environmentally friendly than the conventional approach using sodium methoxide, simplifies the downstream separation process and the reusability of the catalyst was successfully tested in three subsequent cycles. |
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| Keywords: | Esteramine Transesterification Methyl palmitate Heterogeneous catalyst Esterquats |
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