Abstract: With the rapid development of urbanization, biodiversity is increasingly threatened, and the poor stability of urban green plant communities will directly affect the performance of its ecological functions. It also directly affects the self-regulation of urban ecological functions. This research briefs the main ecological functions, stability and relationship of the urban green space plant communities, and explores the biological and non-biological pathways through which biodiversity affects the stability of the communities. Based on the existing researches on biodiversity indicators at the urban block scale, it proposes the principles for constructing urban green space plant communities, and based on the mechanism of biodiversity affecting the stability of urban green space plant communities, sums up the ways of constructing highly stable urban green space plant communities. 1) From the biological approach, it selects the species with dominant traits, and the structures and species collocations that can ensure coordinated development of multiple traits. 2) From the non-biological approach, select the appropriate and strong anti-interference structure, species and site conditions to build a suitable niche for animals and plants, and at the same time realize the efficient use of resources for animals and plants in the community. The ultimate goal of this research is to provide a method reference for the improvement of the ecological efficiency of urban green space and the construction of plant communities in China in the future.