| 盐分胁迫对烤烟叶片亚细胞结构及生理生化指标的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 马静,王静,姚鹏伟,叶红潮,余海涛,王鹏,李玉宝,叶协锋.盐分胁迫对烤烟叶片亚细胞结构及生理生化指标的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2019,25(5):44-52. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马静 王静 姚鹏伟 叶红潮 余海涛 王鹏 李玉宝 叶协锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河南农业大学烟草学院, 国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地, 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室, 郑州 450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室项目30800665湖北中烟工业有限责任公司项目2018420000340359 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探究不同浓度NaCl和Na2SO4溶液对烤烟叶肉细胞超微结构以及对叶片抗氧化系统的影响。 方法 利用透射电镜对不同浓度的盐溶液处理下烤烟叶肉细胞进行观察，并检测其抗氧化酶活性。 结果 在低浓度盐溶液（100 mmol/L NaCl和50 mmol/L Na2SO4）处理条件下，烤烟叶肉细胞壁厚度有所减小，细胞内各细胞器无明显变化。中等浓度NaCl（200 mmol/L）处理条件下，烤烟叶肉细胞的叶绿体背膜边缘模糊，嗜锇颗粒增多，淀粉粒含量减少；线粒体内出现空泡，嵴减少，部分膜结构边缘模糊；细胞核核仁密度降低，核膜凹凸不平。中等浓度Na2SO4（100 mmol/L）处理条件下，叶绿体基粒片层间空隙增大；线粒体形态饱满，但内膜凹陷；细胞核染色质分布均匀，但核仁边缘模糊。高浓度NaCl（400 mmol/L）使烤烟叶肉细胞叶绿体基粒片层结构失去完整性；线粒体结构瓦解，几乎没有完整结构的嵴。高浓度Na2SO4（200 mmol/L）处理条件下，叶绿体肿胀，变为球形，内膜及部分基粒片层溶解，淀粉颗粒进一步减少；线粒体内膜溶解，基质密度降低；细胞核核仁解体，甚至溶解消失。随着NaCl和Na2SO4浓度的升高，过氧化氢酶活性逐渐增强；丙二醛含量和超氧化物歧化等酶活性先升高后降低；过氧化物酶活性先降后升之后再降低。 结论 烤烟对Na2SO4溶液的耐受能力强于NaCl溶液。
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| 关 键 词： | NaCl Na2SO4 烤烟 叶肉细胞 亚细胞结构 抗氧化酶 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-21 |
Effects of salt stress on subcellular structure and physiological and biochemical indexes of flue-cured tobacco leaves |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, National Centre for Tobacco Physiology, Biochemistry and Cultivation Research, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry, Zhengzhou 4500022.Luoyang Tobacco Company, Luoyang 4710003.China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha 4100004.China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430000 |
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| Abstract: | In order to investigate effects of different concentrations of NaCl solution and Na2SO4 solution on mesophyll cell ultrastructure and antioxidant system in tobacco leaves, mesophyll cells of tobacco treated with different concentrations of salt solution were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and their antioxidant enzymes activities were determined.Under low concentration salt solution (100 mmol/L NaCl and 50 mmol/L Na2SO4) treatment, cell wall thickness of tobacco leaves decreased, and no significant change of organelles in cells was detected.Under moderate NaCl (200 mmol/L) treatment, chloroplast dorsal membrane edge of tobacco leaves was blurred, osmiophilic granules increased, starch granules decreased; vacuoles appeared in mitochondria, and some membrane structures were blurred; nucleolus density decreased, and nuclear membrane was uneven.Under moderate Na2SO4 (100 mmol/L) treatment, the interlamellar space of chloroplast grana increased; the mitochondria were plump but the intima was depressed.The chromatin in the nucleus was evenly distributed, but the edge of nucleolus was blurred.High concentration of NaCl (400 mmol/L) resulted lamellar structure of chloroplast in tobacco leaves lose its integrity, and the structure of mitochondria disintegrated with almost no cristae of complete structure.Under high concentration Na2SO4 (200 mmol/L) treatment, chloroplasts swelled and became spherical, the membrane and some granule lamella were dissolved, starch granules were decreased further; mitochondrial inner membrane were dissolved; nucleoli were dissolved or even disappeared.With the increase of NaCl and Na2SO4 concentration, catalase activity increased gradually, the content of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase activity increased first and then decreased. |
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