Graphene 2.0

Once the preserve of physicists, graphene is now attracting the attention of growing numbers of chemists, who are discovering new ways to produce this remarkable material.     

石墨烯及氧化石墨烯在纺织领域的应用

本文阐述了石墨烯及氧化石墨烯在纺织领域的应用研究进展,介绍了石墨烯及氧化石墨烯的特性和结构特点,系统总结了石墨烯纤维、石墨烯复合纤维的开发以及在纺织中的应用、石墨烯功能织物的开发和应用现状,指出石墨烯在纺织中应用已成为热点,并且其应用价值已得到体现.同时,石墨烯在纺织中的应用还存在许多问题,相信随着研究的不断深入,其在纺织中应用必将会有更广阔的前景.     

石墨烯及Ag/石墨烯纳米复合材料的原位合成

选择改进的H ummer方法制备氧化石墨烯;采用硼氢化钠和柠檬酸钠相结合的方法还原氧化石墨制备石墨烯及Ag/石墨烯纳米复合材料,采用拉曼光谱、TEM、SEM、UV-Vis、XRD、FTIR等多种测试手段对其表征,发现硼氢化钠可以还原氧化石墨烯中的边缘缺陷,柠檬酸钠可以剥离氧化石墨烯片层并使银纳米颗粒附着在石墨烯片层上,石墨烯层数较少且随着反应时间的延长,银纳米颗粒的尺寸也会逐渐增大.     

氧化/还原氧化石墨烯基纳米复合材料的研究

综述了以氧化/还原氧化石墨烯为基体的纳米复合材料的最新研究成果和应用进展.对石墨烯的氧化和脱氧化机理进行了介绍;着重阐述了石墨烯与金属、金属化合物和导电聚合物的纳米复合,包括纳米复合材料的制备方法、主要性能及应用前景,并对类似纳米复合材料的性能进行了归纳;最后,结合我国目前的实际情况对以石墨烯为基体的纳米复合材料发展中所面临的机遇和挑战进行了总结和展望.     

From Graphite to Graphene Oxide and Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots

Many methods have been reported for synthesizing graphene oxide (GO) and graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) where a tedious operational procedure and long reaction time are generally required. Herein, a facile one‐pot solvothermal method that allows selective synthesis of pure GO and pure GOQDs, respectively is demonstrated. What is more, the final product of either GO or differently sized GOQDs can be easily controlled by adjusting the reaction temperatures or reactant ratios, which is also feasible when enlarged to gram scale. The 2.5 nm GOQDs show excellent photoluminescence that can be utilized for bioimaging or distinctive detection of Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺ from their respective mixtures with other rare earth and/or transition metal ions, at sub‐ppm level.     

石墨烯的制备方法

目的探究和比较制备石墨烯的两种常见方法,即氧化还原法和液相剥离法。方法采用液相剥离法,在N-甲基吡咯烷酮中超声剥离膨胀石墨制备单层和多层石墨烯,与氧化还原法制备得到的石墨烯在微观形貌和结构表征方面进行比较,并在此基础上比较不同有机溶剂液相剥离制备的石墨烯分散液的浓度和稳定性。结果液相剥离法得到的石墨烯具有更好的片层结构,分子结构含有较少的杂团和含氧基团,石墨烯片层间距较宽,热稳定性更好。在N-甲基吡咯烷酮中液相剥离制备的石墨烯质量浓度可达0.15 mg/m L,稳定性相对较好,该方法在一系列应用中也更易制备导电薄膜和复合材料。结论相较氧化还原法,液相剥离法制备的石墨烯性能更好。     

氧化石墨烯纳米带杂化粒子和石墨烯纳米带的研究进展

氧化石墨烯纳米带杂化粒子是将氧化石墨烯纳米带(GONRs)与其他纳米粒子经π-π键、氢键等结合方式复合在一起,通过这种特殊的结合形态一方面可以有效地防止GONRs的聚积,另一方面新的纳米粒子的引入能够赋予该杂化材料某些特殊的性能,从而有利于充分发挥GONRs杂化材料在聚合物改性等领域的综合性能。本文综述了氧化石墨烯纳米带杂化粒子的制备方法、性能和应用现状。此外,针对GONRs的还原产物石墨烯纳米带(GNRs)的结构、性能、制备方法及其应用领域也进行了系统性地论述。相关研究表明,氧化石墨烯纳米带杂化粒子的设计与制备是氧化石墨烯纳米带迈向实用领域的一个有效途径,而石墨烯纳米作为石墨烯的一种特殊结构的二维变体,继承了石墨烯优良的导电和导热等性能,同时特殊的边缘效应,因而呈现出了更广阔的应用潜力。     

Graphene on cubic-SiC

The outstanding properties of graphene make it a top candidate for replacing silicon in future electronic devices. However, for technological applications, graphene must be synthesized on the surface of wide-gap semiconductors. In this review, we focus on graphene synthesized on single-crystalline cubic-SiC thin films epitaxially grown on standard silicon wafers. These low-cost substrates are commercially available and fully compatible with existing silicon technologies. The results obtained in recent years demonstrate that few-layer graphene synthesized on cubic-SiC substrates possesses the atomic structure and electronic properties of quasi-free-standing graphene. However, according to data obtained by various techniques, few-layer graphene on cubic-SiC consists of nanodomains connected to one another through nanodomain boundaries. After optimization of the preparation procedures, such a nanostructured graphene overlayer can represent a very promising system for the development of new graphene-based electronic devices. In particular, recent works demonstrate that continuous few-layer graphene with self-aligned nanodomain boundaries can be synthesized on vicinal SiC(0 0 1) substrates. Electrical measurements show the opening of a transport gap in nanostructured trilayer graphene synthesized on SiC/2°-off Si(0 0 1) wafers. This development may lead to new tunable electronic nanostructures made from graphene on cubic-SiC, opening up opportunities for a wide range of applications.     

Superhydrophobic Graphene Foams

The static and dynamic wetting properties of a 3D graphene foam network are reported. The foam is synthesized using template‐directed chemical vapor deposition and contains pores several hundred micrometers in dimension while the walls of the foam comprise few‐layer graphene sheets that are coated with Teflon. Water contact angle measurements reveal that the foam is superhydrophobic with an advancing contact angle of ～163 degrees while the receding contact angle is ～143 degrees. The extremely water repellent nature of the foam is also confirmed when impacting water droplets are able to completely rebound from the surface. Such superhydrophobic graphene foams show potential in a variety of applications ranging from anti‐sticking and self‐cleaning to anti‐corrosion and low‐friction coatings.     

Graphene edge lithography

Fabrication of graphene nanostructures is of importance for both investigating their intrinsic physical properties and applying them into various functional devices. In this paper, we report a scalable fabrication approach for graphene nanostructures. Compared with conventional lithographic fabrication techniques, this new approach uses graphene edges as the templates or masks and offers advantage in technological simplicity and capability of creating small features below 10 nm scale. Moreover, mask layers used in the fabrication process could be simultaneously used as the dielectric layers for top-gated devices. The as-fabricated graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are of high quality with the carrier mobility ～400 cm(2)/(V s) for typical 15 nm wide ribbons. Our technique allows easy and reproducible fabrication of various graphene nanostructures, such as ribbons and rings, and can be potentially extended to other materials and systems by use of their edges or facets as templates.     

氧化石墨烯及其聚合物复合材料制备的研究进展

石墨烯是一种具有单层蜂窝状二维网格结构的新型材料,具有优异的力学、化学性能。氧化石墨烯(GO)作为氧化-还原法制备石墨烯的中间体,具有较高的比表面积以及石墨烯所不具备的丰富官能团。鉴于官能团的存在,GO具有优良的化学修饰性能,以此可制备性能更高的或具备新性能的GO/聚合物复合材料。文中综述了氧化石墨烯的结构、性能及制备方法,主要介绍了制备GO的Hummers法,比较了GO/聚合物复合材料的不同制备方法,列举了复合材料的性能特点,最后对GO复合材料制备方法的发展和GO/聚合物复合材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

Graphene and Graphene Oxide: Synthesis,Properties, and Applications

There is intense interest in graphene in fields such as physics, chemistry, and materials science, among others. Interest in graphene's exceptional physical properties, chemical tunability, and potential for applications has generated thousands of publications and an accelerating pace of research, making review of such research timely. Here is an overview of the synthesis, properties, and applications of graphene and related materials (primarily, graphite oxide and its colloidal suspensions and materials made from them), from a materials science perspective.     

Graphene Oxide,Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide,and Graphene: Versatile Building Blocks for Carbon‐Based Materials

Isolated graphene, a nanometer‐thick two‐dimensional analog of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes, has recently sparked great excitement in the scientific community given its excellent mechanical and electronic properties. Particularly attractive is the availability of bulk quantities of graphene as both colloidal dispersions and powders, which enables the facile fabrication of many carbon‐based materials. The fact that such large amounts of graphene are most easily produced via the reduction of graphene oxide—oxygenated graphene sheets covered with epoxy, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups—offers tremendous opportunities for access to functionalized graphene‐based materials. Both graphene oxide and graphene can be processed into a wide variety of novel materials with distinctly different morphological features, where the carbonaceous nanosheets can serve as either the sole component, as in papers and thin films, or as fillers in polymer and/or inorganic nanocomposites. This Review summarizes techniques for preparing such advanced materials via stable graphene oxide, highly reduced graphene oxide, and graphene dispersions in aqueous and organic media. The excellent mechanical and electronic properties of the resulting materials are highlighted with a forward outlook on their applications.