天铁热力风机升级改造方案设计

通过对天铁集团高炉现状、风机现状的分析,提出了对热力厂风机升级改造的规划,确定了实施方案.该方案实施后将彻底改变风机渐进式改造的现象,使新高炉的备用机组发挥更大的作用,可增加现有高炉的风压、风量,使现有高炉的产量、冶炼强度进一步提高.     

冶炼平车移动DP总线编码器的应用

介绍了在铁合金电炉控制系统的改造中应用移动DP从站的实践,对铁合金电炉控制领域的开发及维护具有一定的借鉴作用.     

强化知识管理提高企业的应变与创新能力

处于相同行业结构和机会的企业存在着很大差别.知识管理作为作管理创新的一种成果,面对知识时代更加激烈的市场竞争和经营环境的更为不确定性,知识管理在结合企业的具体发展情况下,将为企业的发展注入新的活力.     

职业教育发展的政府失灵与市场调节

职业教育的发展,主要是在市场和政府的相互调节下运行的.但完全的政府调节不利于职业教育的健康发展,完全政府调节下的职业教育会出现政府失灵现象,因而,市场的无形调节是非常重要的.市场调节主要包括人才需求、利益导向、人事制度等方面的调节.     

浅谈我国有色金属行业的技术创新发展与对策研究

在分析我国有色金属行业现状的基础上,指出随着国际贸易的不断加深,我国有色金属发展中的技术落后、设备陈旧等问题日益突出,使整个行业的发展受到严重制约.提出技术创新是促进我国有色金属行业持续发展的关键,并对现有问题的根源及解决办法进行了初步探讨.     

浅谈黄金矿山企业的绩效考核管理

绩效考核是企业管理的重要组成部分.文中通过理论与实践的结合,阐述了黄金矿山企业绩效考核管理体系的建立、实施以及绩效考核应注意的问题.     

考虑辐射影响的隔热纤维体的热导率分形模

根据纤维体内部分形结构特点,建立了计及温度影响的隔热纤维体的热导率分形模型.通过对硅酸铝纤维SEM图像的处理,得到了不同密度下硅酸铝纤维的孔隙面积和孔隙通道曲线的分形维数,并据此计算了硅酸铝纤维的热导率.实验结果验证了本文分形热导率模型的正确性.     

减轻钒铁生产中炉底烧结的试验研究

铝热法冶炼钒铁过程中,炉底被烧结,产生含钒烧结渣.烧结渣中含有大量的钒,从而造成钒的损失,降低了钒的回收率,增加了生产成本.本试验通过对炉底打结材料和冶炼布料方式的优化,大大改善了炉底烧结状况,减少了含钒烧结渣的产出量,同时烧结渣中钒的含量也大幅度降低,从而减少了钒的流失,钒的回收率提高0.5%以上.     

包钢炼铁厂企业信息系统

介绍了包钢炼铁厂企业信息系统的发展概况、组成及覆盖范围,网络的功能和软件开发过程,详细说明了各子系统的作用,对网络应用的效益做了评估.     

强化改进措施——确保质量管理体系的绩效

面对竞争日趋激烈的设计市场,企业如何立于不败之地,就要求我们的企业改进原有的管理模式.ISO9000作为国际化标准组织至今为止颁布的唯一一个质量管理性标准,一个先进的管理方法.它的应用会极大地提升管理水平和管理力度,尤其现阶段设计市场面临着严峻的考验,国际化的管理体系的建设更是尤为重要,以先进的理念促进企业发展.     

Evaluations and expectancies of alcohol and marijuana problems among college students.

Two studies examined the associations between evaluations (good-bad) and expected likelihood (likely-unlikely) of alcohol- and marijuana-related problems and hazardous consumption and problems among college students. Participants provided data on alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, and expectancies and evaluations of alcohol problems; marijuana use indices, marijuana-related problems, marijuana effect expectancies, and likelihood and evaluations of marijuana problems. Evaluations of alcohol problems were positively related to the number of binge drinking occasions and alcohol-related problems. The interaction between evaluations and expectancies was significant in predicting the number of binge drinking occasions. Expectancies demonstrated a curvilinear relationship with binge drinking and alcohol-related problems. Marijuana users evaluated marijuana-related problems as less negative and less likely to occur than did nonusers. Expectancies, but not evaluations, of negative consequences were significantly associated with marijuana use intensity. Expectancies of problems demonstrated a curvilinear relationship with marijuana-use intensity and marijuana problems. Men evaluated alcohol and marijuana problems less negatively than did women. In summary, the expected likelihood of alcohol-marijuana problems and the evaluation of such problems represent a vulnerability factor associated with increased liability for hazardous alcohol and marijuana use. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Adults' representations of division facts: A consequence of learning history?

In this study, division was exclusively examined to determine the strategies that are used to solve simple division problems and to identify factors relating to particular strategy use. Thirty-two participants (aged 18-43 yrs) were asked to solve two sets of 64 simple division problems (from 4÷2 to 81÷9) and error, latency, and strategy report data were collected. Fewer errors were made on easy problems, which were also solved more quickly than difficult problems. Participants used retrieval, multiplication, and other strategies to solve the problems and tended to use retrieval more on easy than difficult problems and used multiplication more on difficult problems than easy problems. Unexpected age differences in strategy use were also found. Older participants tended to rely more heavily on retrieval than younger participants. These results suggest that older participants may have stronger representations for simple division problems than younger participants. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Male and female estimates of personal problems of men and women.

100 male and 100 female undergraduates estimated the types of problems males and females would present at a counseling center. Of 75 problems on a problem checklist, 35 problems were seen as being more typically female whereas only 16 were seen as being more typically male. Sex differences in estimates were found for 13 problems; however, these differences did not affect whether the problems were seen as male or female. Of the 16 male problems, 8 were vocational-educational problems, while none of the female problems was vocational-educational. A 2nd purpose of the study was to look at sex differences in problems presented by actual clients at a university counseling center. Of the 75 problems on the checklist, sex differences were found for only 3 problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Parent psychopathology, parenting, and child internalizing problems in substance-abusing families.

A structural model accounting for child internalizing problems in substance-abusing families was tested. Parents receiving substance abuse treatment (N = 242) completed forms about children between the ages of 6 and 18 who resided in their home. The effects of parent gender, child gender, and child age were controlled. Negative parenting was examined as a mediator between parent internalizing and externalizing problems and child anxiety and affective problems using path analysis. Negative parenting mediated relations only between parent internalizing problems and child affective problems. High-positive involvement moderated relations between parent externalizing problems and child internalizing problems. Relations between parent externalizing problems and child anxiety and affective problems were significant only among families in which high-positive involvement was present. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Compound Problem Solving: Insights from the Workplace for Engineering Education

For engineering educators who incorporate real-world problems into their teaching, it is essential to understand real-world problem solving and the nature of problems for better design of the instruction. Prior research provided evidence that real-world problems involve many stakeholders, are complex, and have multiple solutions and solution paths. The purpose of this paper is to provide additional insights particularly into the structure/class of workplace problems and associated models of expertise. This paper describes the findings of a study that employed a two-step process: (1)?a single-case study of a steel engineer generating a model of compound problem solving and (2)?a multi-case comparison of 90 problem-solving narratives of other engineers to the single case. The study is located in a U.S. context. Results indicate that real-world problems are intertwined problems (compound problems) and that transitions from one problem type to another within a compound problem are a unique class of problems themselves. These transition problems have properties that are not represented in other problem types and provide insights into expertise and expertise development in problem solving.     

Equivalence in symbolic and nonsymbolic contexts: Benefits of solving problems with manipulatives.

Children's failure on equivalence problems (e.g., 5 + 4 = 7 + __) is believed to be the result of misunderstanding the equal sign and has been tested using symbolic problems (including "="). For Study 1 (N = 48), we designed a nonsymbolic method for presenting equivalence problems to determine whether Grade 2 children's difficulty is due to the presence of symbols or to a more fundamental misunderstanding of equivalence. Children's superior performance on nonsymbolic versus symbolic problems suggests that children fail to map their understanding of equivalence onto problems presented with the symbols of arithmetic. For Study 2 (N = 32), we implemented a within-subject design to assess whether experience with nonsymbolic problems would facilitate performance on symbolic problems. This hypothesis was confirmed. Exposure to nonsymbolic problems may have enabled children to map their successful concepts and strategies to symbolic equivalence problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Perceived self-efficacy and everyday problem solving among young and older adults.

This research tested the hypothesis that age differences in both self-efficacy perceptions and problem-solving performance would vary as a function of the ecological relevance of problems to young and older adults. The authors developed novel everyday problem-solving stimuli that were ecologically representative of problems commonly confronted by young adults (young-adult problems), older adults (older adult problems), or both (common problems). Performance on an abstract problem solving task lacking in ecological representativeness (the Tower of Hanoi problem) also was examined. Although young persons had higher self-efficacy beliefs and performance levels on the Tower of Hanoi task problem and the young-adult problems, this pattern reversed in the domain of older adult problems, where the self-efficacy beliefs and performance of older persons exceeded those of the young. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Can memory requirements account for species' differences in invisible displacement tasks?

We tested the hypothesis that poor performance on the Piagetian invisible displacement task is related to increased memory requirements. Rhesus monkeys and orangutans received 3 types of problems (invisible, visible, and no transfer problems) each containing a number of steps equivalent to that of standard invisible displacements. If failure to solve invisible displacements was due to increased memory requirements, then the primates should perform at chance level on all 3 problems. However, rhesus monkeys solved visible and no transfer problems, but not invisible transfer problems. Half of the orangutans solved all 3 transfer problems, although their performance on invisible transfer problems was lower than that on the other problems. A subsequent cuing phase led to improved performance, and a few monkeys solved invisible transfer problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

An affective-motivational model of marijuana and alcohol problems among college students.

The study examined models of marijuana (n = 309) and alcohol (n = 731) problems. Impulsivity was directly associated with both marijuana- and alcohol-related problems. Negative mood regulation expectancies were indirectly associated with marijuana problems through coping motives. Sensation seeking was indirectly associated with alcohol problems through enhancement motives. Affect lability and negative affect were indirectly associated with alcohol problems though coping motives. In both models, coping motives were directly associated with use-related problems. A multigroup analysis indicated that the association between negative affect and coping motives as well as use and problems was stronger among participants using both alcohol and marijuana relative to alcohol only. Enhancement motives were a stronger predictor of alcohol use among participants using alcohol only. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A new time-kill method of assessing the relative efficacy of antimicrobial agents alone and in combination developed using a representative beta-lactam, aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone

OBJECTIVE: Previous research has demonstrated the central role of early childhood concentration problems in the development of aggression and other maladaptive behaviors. The present study investigated the moderating effect of concentration problems on the impact of a classroom-based preventive intervention directed at aggressive and shy behaviors in an epidemiologically defined sample of 1,084 urban first-grade children. METHOD: Concentration problems, aggressive behavior, and shy behavior were assessed by a structured teacher interview (the Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptation-Revised) in the fall and spring of first grade. RESULTS: Children with high ratings on concentration problems in the fall had higher levels of teacher-rated aggressive and shy behavior in the spring than did children without such problems. The intervention reduced aggressive and shy behavior in children regardless of fall concentration level. Boys, but not girls, in the intervention condition with high concentration problems had higher levels of spring aggression than those without such problems, but they also showed the greatest reductions in aggressive behavior from fall to spring. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that aggressive behavior is malleable in children with concentration problems, provide further evidence on the etiological significance of concentration problems for the development of maladaptive behavior, and highlight the importance of directly targeting concentration problems to maximize preventive intervention impact.