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简要探讨了我国地区监督站职责中符合性监督和审评性监督问题,并结合核安全法规的价值理论,详细论述了地区监督站在核电厂特殊事件中的作用.本文所指“特殊事件“是指除会导致核电厂事故应急的其他偏离核电厂正常运行的或大修管理的事件或事故,包括电厂执照运行事件.指出地区监督站应建立应对核电厂特殊事件的集体决策机制,以便正确理解和履行法规赋予的职责,有所为而有所不为,为核安全监管起到应有的作用. 相似文献
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《核动力工程》2018,(Z1)
核电厂压力边界的泄漏事件属于重要的安全运行事件,如何应对和处理是核电厂安全管理控制的重点。本文针对秦山核电厂300 MW核电机组压力边界的延伸支管上一个泄漏点的处理,结合机组工艺参数的演变,分析了查找泄漏点的思路和原则,以及对核电厂类似泄漏发生后的应对和处理;同时,根据根本原因分析的方法,结合美国机械工程师协会(ASME)规范的要求,分析了处理该问题的方案、依据和要点,并从设计方面和电厂日常在役检查方面提出了后续的改进建议,特别是在保证核电厂安全性的基础上,如何有效地管理小支管,提出了具体的方法,这对于现有国内外核电厂在压力边界小支管方面的管理,具有良好的借鉴应用价值。 相似文献
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分析了国内外关于核电厂EDG定期试验启动方式的相关研究以及最新的标准和规范。介绍了国外核电厂的相关改善措施及其效果,对国内核电厂在EDG定期试验中使用慢启动的方式进行了必要性论证。为EDG启动方式改进提供了两种方案,详细分析了两种方案的风险和失效概率,为核电厂的相关改进提供了重要参考。 相似文献
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事例组装是关系到整个北京谱仪数据获取软件的关键环节之一,探讨了一种受控的组装方法,把通过北京谱仪Ⅲ对撞机前端电子学系统获得的事例片段,"拉"到组装模块中.这种方法可以有效地控制组装事例时的数据流量. 相似文献
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本文简单介绍了国际原子能机构(IAEA)向各成员国推荐使用的国际核事件分级表(INES)的出台背景、现状、评价标准及对一些重大核事件的分级示例。此外还对我国参加 INES 试用期间活动的方式、核电厂事件信息评价的传递途径及技术后援等提出初步看法。 相似文献
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This paper describes the current status and future plans of the fusion safety research and development regarding to the developments of the dust removal system and safety analysis code and the thermofluid experiments in the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) for a fusion experimental reactor. The containment of the radioactive material is the key to achieve fusion safety. In the event of accidents, the source terms need to be evaluated with sufficient accuracy. Therefore, in JAERI, the dust characterization have been investigated and the dust removal system using electric force has been developed and tested. A safety analysis code including both thermal and plasma transient analyses under the various event sequences has been developed. Moreover, the preliminary experiments of thermofluid transients in the vacuum vessel such as Ingress of Coolant Event (ICE) and Loss of Vacuum Event (LOVA) have been started and the experimental results using preliminary LOVA/ICE apparatus during 1995–1996 are summarized in this paper. 相似文献
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Accident prevention and mitigation programmes and the Emergency Response System (ERS) are important elements of the Agency's activities in the area of nuclear power plant (NPP) safety. Safety Codes and Guides on siting, design, quality assurance and the operation of NPPs have been produced and are used by NPP operating organizations. Nuclear safety evaluation services are provided by the IAEA. The Emergency Response System and the International Nuclear Event Scale (INES) have been developed. The framework for the development of an accident management programme has been set up. The main goal is to develop an Accident Management Manual to provide a systematic, structured approach to the development and implementation of an accident management programme at NPPs. An outline of the Manual has been distributed and the first draft is available. The component parts are: co-ordinated research programmes (CRPs) on severe accident management and containment behaviour; the use of vulnerability analysis; mitigation of the effects of hydrogen, and generic symptom oriented emergency operating procedures. The IAEA provides guidance by the dissemination of information on methods for accident management; collates information on approaches in this field in different organizations and countries; and arranges exchange of experience and the promulgation of knowledge through the training of NPP managers and senior technical staff. 相似文献
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根据高温气冷堆核电站计算机化运行规程系统的设计准则,给出了高温气冷堆核电站计算机化运行规程的总体设计方案,指出计算机化运行规程系统的一个重要作用就是提供规程入口选择。高温气冷堆核电站的异常事件处理规程是基于事件的,因此选择规程入口的关键在于异常事件的识别。为解决该问题,采用具有图形描述能力和严密数学理论的模糊Petri网,构建了异常事件识别专家系统。相较于传统方法,模糊Petri网结构化特性和知识表达能力更强,推理效率大幅提高,便于计算机编程实现。通过典型异常事件识别的仿真,表明所构建的异常事件识别专家系统是合理可行的,为高温气冷堆核电站计算机化运行规程系统的研制打下了基础。 相似文献
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以福清核电应急柴油发电机组为研究对象,结合国内某运行核电厂应急柴油发电机组的相关检修经验,通过分析应急柴油发电机组充气冷却水系统压力波动过大、最低压力低于限值的典型故障事例,阐述了运行中出现故障的各种可能原因,介绍了排查方法。通过对典型故障处理过程的论述,为今后同类事件提供了借鉴和思路。 相似文献
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核电站核岛厂房是核安全相关的构筑物,对建筑用混凝土的质量有着严格的规范要求。文章介绍了海阳核电1号核岛底板施工的全过程,对混凝土配比设计、试验和施工过程中的技术要求作了阐述,对后续AP1000项目的建设具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献