兴旺时期的喜与忧（Ⅰ）——钛白行业新一轮大扩产的反思

介绍了钛白行业的总产能和扩产后行业内的主要动向 ,指出了扩产后可能产生的隐患 ,提出了反思与对策。     

氯水洗涤新工艺的应用

借鉴氯碱行业对三氯化氮的常用处理技术设计了氯水洗涤新工艺。通过改造,解决了扩产后由于原盐品种的增多、三氯化氮增多对液氯系统构成的安全威胁及对环境的污染。     

氯气处理系统工艺和设备的改造

介绍了沈阳化工股份有限公司2005年2万t/a离子膜法烧碱生产装置扩产后,对氯气处理系统除雾器、干燥塔和氯压机的改造,以及氯气压缩机的运行情况。     

回收六塔分层器界面控制的改进

通过自动控制六塔分层器界面，解决了扩产后界面不易控制的难题，节省了操作工的劳动量，提高了醋酸异丙酯的利用率，降低了醋酸异丙酯的消耗，为公司节省了资金。     

氯碱废氯气抽空泵的改进和运行维保

分析了氯碱工业生产中废氯气(尾气)的产生原因和流量,介绍了山东铝业公司氯碱厂新建二期项目扩产后抽空泵的设计及改进,提出了优化抽空设备和管道运行维保的措施。     

从液氯工艺变化看我厂的氯气平衡

本文经过分析烧碱扩产后液氯装置工艺参数及耗氯装置的一系列变化，找出影响生产平衡和安全的问题所在，讨论了如何使新的氯气系统平衡趋于良性循环的一些建议和办法。     

尿素解吸液、锅炉排污等废水回收和利用

总结了山东华鲁恒升化工股份有限公司在醋酸节能新工艺改造项目投产后,通过优化调整,创新管理,开展了一系列节水技术改造工作,保证了装置扩产后的用水需求,降低了生产运营成本。     

小苏打装置的升级改造

分析小苏打装置扩产后制约生产的瓶颈问题,通过对稠厚器整体抬高,再沸器提高设计压力并整体更换升级改造,以及干燥管改造,不仅提高了小苏打产量,减少了现场漏点损耗,而且也提高了设备的安全稳定系数.     

三聚氰胺生产中调温水系统的优化

根据三聚氰胺装置扩产后,与其联产的尿素系统对尾气组分的要求,分析工艺操作难点,引用调温水系统,对现有的三聚氰胺尾气冷凝系统进行改造,以实现整个装置的节能降耗。     

印度Garden Silk扩大聚酯生产

<正>印度Garden Silk扩大聚酯切片及加工丝(POY、PTY)的生产能力10%～15%。公司在1年前实施聚酯制品增扩后,生产能力倍增,扩产后的聚酯切片产能达日产1600t,POY日产430t,DTY日产110t。     

40%磺草·莠去津悬浮剂的高效液相色谱分析

采用高效液相色谱法,使用Diamonsil-C18色谱柱和紫外检测器,在254 nm波长下对磺草酮、莠去津进行分离和定量分析。结果表明,该方法磺草酮、莠去津的线性相关系数分别为R2=0.9989、R2=0.996;磺草酮、莠去津的标准偏差分别为0.06、0.15;磺草酮、莠去津的变异系数分别为0.54、0.49;磺草酮、莠去津的平均回收率分别为100.1%、100.0%。     

Association of body segments and body composition with blood pressure in young adults

Skeletal structure and body composition may be altered permanently in response to aggressions during critical periods of growth. This increases propensity to adverse effects in adulthood. The study explored the association of anthropometric variables of body size and proportions and of body composition with systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) in young adults. We studied 166 men and 246 women age 20-34. SBP, DBP, weight, stature, sitting height, circumferences (waist, hip), breadths (biacromial, biiliac) and skinfolds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular, suprailiac) were assessed. BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-stature ratio, and Sigma skinfolds-stature were calculated. Pearson correlations were determined for anthropometric variables with SBP and DBP and linear regression models for SBP and DBP were developed by sex. Correlation coefficients between indicators and BP were significant, except for stature and SBP and DPB, and WHR with DBP in women; and stature with DBP, biiliac breadth and WHR with SBP, and sitting height with SBP and DPB in men. SBP and DPB were explained by weight, BMI, and biiliac breadth in multivariable analysis in women, where 15.4% and 10.8% of variance of SBP and DPB was explained. In men, SBP was explained by weight, Sigma skinfolds and WHR, and DBP by Sigma skinfolds; models explained almost 20% of SBP and DPB variance. No association was found between BP and past malnutrition indicators. Biiliac breadth, weight and BMI in women, and weight, WHR and Sigma skinfolds in men explained BP. The use of biiliac breadth in the assessment of hypertension risk in women should be explored further.     

几种杀虫剂对草坪害虫的控制效果

测定了绿僵菌、毒死蜱、辛硫磷等药剂对草坪害虫的控制效果。结果表明绿僵菌、毒死蜱和辛硫磷都是防治草坪地下害虫的有效药剂，毒死蜱和辛硫磷还能有效防治草坪茎叶害虫禾灰翅夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾等。药后45d，绿僵菌对铜绿丽金龟幼虫蛴螬的防效和对地下害虫的总防效分别为91．2％和87．6％。绿僵菌对茎叶害虫的防效较差，药后3、7、10d时，对禾灰翅夜蛾的防效分别为3．7％、9．2％和18．9％；对茎叶害虫的总防效在12．2％以下。辛硫磷和毒死蜱药后3d对禾灰翅夜蛾的防效分别是93．7％和97．6％；对茎叶害虫的总防效分别是92．0％和93．6％。当高效氯氰菊酯分别和辛硫磷、毒死蜱混用防治斜纹夜蛾时，防效更高、速效性更好。     

海水海砂混凝土力学性能与耐久性研究综述

远海工程建设面临钢筋混凝土易腐蚀、河砂和淡水匮乏等难题。国内外学者选择资源丰富的海水海砂代替淡水河砂制备混凝土,并研究其工作性能、力学性能及耐久性能。海水海砂中高含量的氯盐会加快水泥水化和凝结,导致早凝和早期强度提高,但后期增长变缓,最终强度与淡水河砂混凝土相近。海砂中少量的贝壳对混凝土工作性能和力学性能影响不大。海水海砂混凝土中的氯离子传输及结合方式更为复杂,其不同于内掺型氯离子,由此导致海水海砂混凝土中的钢筋锈蚀机理改变。辅助胶凝材料、复合型阻锈剂及纤维增强复合筋等为海水海砂混凝土结构应用提供了保障。     

Integrated exploration of clay deposits: Some changes of strategy

Clay deposits often occur associated with deposits of ores and hydrocarbons. Because exploration projects strictly follow only one target, useful information on associated rocks is lost and valuable by-products remain unrecovered. Modern mineral policy and exploration strategy suggest integrated exploration during which all potential raw materials in the prospection area are registered and evaluated. A tough timing of exploitation often impairs selective mining and storage of valuable by-products. Regarding clays, certain modification of exploration procedures are necessary and simplification of sampling and analytical strategy is required. Integrated exploration leads to an integral extraction of all raw materials which occur in the prospected area. It also respects the geotechnical and ecological conditions of other deposits. All aspects of field exploration, subsequent laboratory examination (analyses and technological testing) and economic assessment should be balanced and scheduled in a logical sequence. Such a new strategy has to respect distinct quality requirements of different users and manufactured products. However, particular specifications of clay raw materials are nowadays too complex and not always justified. Therefore they should be unified and simplified in the near future. Civil engineering exploration, soils exploration and environmental care call for other parameters of clays. These differ from those required by ceramics and other industries. Information on basic mineral, chemical and textural properties, thorough examination of physical and chemical properties and long term behaviour of clays are of primary importance.     

特种工程塑料PES、PEEK的成型加工特性

叙述了特种工程塑料的界定，详细叙述了特种工程塑料PES、PEEK的物理性能和优异耐热性，介绍了PES、PEEK在我国的应用开发研究、应用领域和一些典型的制品。着重论述了特种工程塑料PES、PEEK的加工特性和制品成型方法，对加工设备和加工工艺做了详细的论述，为PES、PEEK的成型加工提供了理论基础和经验指导。     

康赛宁对体外培养的人肝癌细胞的影响及与乙肝疫苗联合免疫对小鼠的免疫增强作用

目的研究A群溶血性链球菌制剂(康赛宁)对体外培养的人肝癌细胞系Hep3B和HepG22.2.15的影响及与乙肝疫苗联合免疫对小鼠的免疫增强作用。方法用不同浓度的康赛宁作用于人肝癌细胞Hep3B和HepG22.2.15,观察细胞形态学,MTT比色法检测细胞活性,EIA法检测培养上清HBsAg、HBeAg含量,吖啶橙直接染色检测细胞凋亡,Southernblot分析细胞DNA片段。给NIH小鼠腹腔注射康赛宁和乙肝疫苗,检测血清中HBs抗体、转氨酶水平。给普通小鼠腹腔注射康赛宁和乙肝疫苗,观察注射前后的体重变化。结果康赛宁可抑制HBsAg及HBeAg的分泌,使染色体DNA发生有规律的断裂,促使细胞发生凋亡。与乙肝疫苗联合免疫,可提高小鼠血清中HBs抗体水平。无论单用或合用康赛宁,对小鼠均无明显毒副作用。结论康赛宁对体外培养的人肝癌细胞系有影响,与乙肝疫苗联合免疫对小鼠有免疫增强作用。     

Optical characterization of nanocarbon phases in detonation soot and shocked graphite

Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence and FTIR absorption were used to characterize the carbon phases in detonation soot and shocked graphite samples. Detonation synthesized diamond and shock synthesized diamond, which were separated from the detonation soot and shocked graphite respectively, were also collected for further examination. The detonation soot was obtained under different charge conditions and environmental conditions including gas and water, and the diamond was separated from the detonation soot by different purification methods. Size-induced transformation in the Raman and photoluminescence spectra was observed. Sp² carbon is a dominant defect in both detonation synthesized diamond and shock synthesized diamond. The two dynamically synthesized diamonds have similar structure and surface properties. The properties of detonation soot and detonation synthesized diamond are influenced by charge conditions and environmental conditions. The diamond and graphite crystallites in detonation soot and shocked graphite are both in nanometer sizes. The diamond and graphite crystallites in detonation soot have a smaller size and are more disordered than those in shocked graphite.     

2,3,6-三甲基苯酚一步氧化制备2,3,5-三甲基-1,4-苯醌研究进展

2,3,6-三甲基苯酚一步氧化制备2,3,5-三甲基-1,4-苯醌相对于传统的磺化-氧化法具有产品收率高、过程简单、条件温和以及环境友好等特点。本文针对2,3,6-三甲基苯酚一步氧化制备2,3,5-三甲基-1,4-苯醌的均相催化氧化和非均相催化氧化工艺进行了综述,对两种工艺的发展过程及研究现状进行了评价及总结。详细讨论了不同方法和路线在催化活性、选择性以及产品分离和催化剂回收等方面的优缺点,简要分析并总结了2,3,6-三甲基苯酚一步氧化研究的发展规律和最新动态,展望了以非均相催化反应机制为重点的微观机理研究和以提高催化剂循环稳定性、降低制备成本为重点的工业化探索两个潜在的发展方向。     

High-Temperature Reactions of Clay Mineral Mixtures and Their Ceramic Properties: I, Kaolinite-Mica-Quartz Mixtures with 25 Weight % Quartz

The mineralogy and ceramic properties (linear shrinkage and porosity) of fired compacts of quartz, kaolinite, and mica containing 25% of quartz and variable proportions of kaolinite and mica were studied systematically in relation to composition and firing temperature. A procedure for the quantitative determination of components by X-ray diffraction measurements is outlined and applied to the determination of quartz and mullite in the fired samples. For a mixture containing 25%, quartz, 75% kaolinite, the amount of mullite developed at 1300°C. is 41% and this contains 85% of the total Alsoa available. In micarich mixtures, mullite develops at lower temperatures and in smaller proportions. The shrinkage and porosity vary systematically with the percentage of mica in the samples and with firing temperature. The formation of cristobalite depends on the kaolinite content and is not related to the quartz content. Mullite and cristobalite develop at about 1100°C. from the transitory Si-Al spinel-type phase derived from kaolinite.