Al_2O_3:C晶体RL信号剂量特性测试

为进一步开展Al_2O_3:C晶体RL信号剂量特性的研究,设计和建立了Al_2O_3:C晶体RL信号测量的实验装置,对其RL信号的剂量特性进行了实验测试,结果显示在所测剂量率范围内,Al_2O_3:C晶体RL信号和γ射线剂量率之间存在良好的线性关系。     

基于α-Αl_2O_3:C辐射发光的辐射监测技术研究

本文利用OSL/RL光纤耦合监测装置,针对RL信号测量特点,进行了滤光片优化改进设计,对α-Αl_2O_3:C探测器的RL性能进行了实验测试,并提出了一种解决RL灵敏度变化的方法。实验结果表明其辐射发光在0.01 mGy/h~15 Gy/h范围内具有良好的线性剂量响应。α-Αl_2O_3:C探测器的辐射发光灵敏度与吸收剂量有关,吸收剂量达到28 Gy时,发光灵敏度增加约35%。灵敏度最快增加速度为4.7%/Gy。α-Αl_2O_3:C探测器可以对辐射环境剂量率进行实时监测报警。     

CMOS器件总剂量辐射响应理论模拟

利用线性响应理论模型模拟C4007B、CC4007RH和CC4011器件受不同γ射线剂量率辐射时的总剂量效应。研究结果表明，辐射响应与吸收剂量成线性关系时，在实验室选用任一特定剂量率进行总剂量辐射和辐照后室温退火，可以通过线性响应理论模拟其它剂量率辐射下的总剂量效应。理论模拟结果与实际不同剂量率辐射实验结果符合得很好。     

α-Al_2O_3:C单晶的β辐射热释光与光释光性能研究

以高纯碳粉作为碳源直接加入原料,采用导模法(EFG)生长了α-Al2O3:C单晶。研究了晶体经过低剂量β射线辐照后的热释光与光释光特性,α-Al2O3:C单晶的热释光发光曲线在350 K、540 K和689 K附近有3个热释光峰,540 K附近为主要热释光峰,689 K附近为新的热释光峰,发现晶体的陷阱能级深度发生变化并产生了新深度的陷阱能级;随着β吸收剂量的增加,发光强度也随之增强,但是3个热释光峰温位置大致保持不变。在多次连续同剂量辐照过程中,随着辐照次数的增加,主热释光峰强度增强,峰温向高温方向偏移。α-Al2O3:C单晶的光释光衰减曲线呈指数变化,其由前期快衰减部分和后期慢衰减部分组成,快衰减部分衰减速率随着吸收剂量的增加变化很小,而慢衰减部分衰减速率则有较为明显的减慢。在低剂量范围内(低于10Gy),热释光和光释光过程灵敏度不随吸收剂量而变化,剂量响应曲线呈线性的特点。     

Radiation Protection Dosimetry Vol.84 Nos.1～4 1999 第12届固态剂量学大会(Ⅰ)

辐射剂量学:现状和未来发展趋势GDietze(特约)　基础物理方法热释光的扩展缺陷模型PDTownsend等经γ射线和α粒子照射后LiF:Mg,Ti的光吸收带AJJBos等照射的剂量学LiF:Mg,Ti(TLD-100)的光吸收和热释光研究LOster等空间相关系统中的TL发光曲线的分析AMandowski热释光的理论模型及其在实验工作中的适用性CMSunta等适用于γ诱导的LiF:Mg,Ti(TLD-100)中峰4和峰5的超线性及　　敏感性的一种统一的相互作用模型YSHorowitz等深阱对剂量学α-Al2O3晶体中热释光主要特征的作用VSKortov等Al2O3:C中F发光中心的热猝灭MSAkselrod等…     

剂量率对MOS器件总剂量辐射性能的影响

对3种MOS器件在不同模拟源的两种辐照剂量率下进行辐照实验,研究了MOSFET阈值电压随辐射剂量及剂量率的变化关系。对实验结果进行了分析讨论。试验表明：在相同辐射剂量下,低剂量率辐照损伤比高剂量率大。     

Radiation Protection Dosimetry Vol.100 No.1-4 2002(二)

材料特性Li F:Mg,Ti热释光发光空间相关TC-LC机制的新证据L Oster等(特邀)氟化锂:从Li F:Mg,Ti到Li F:Mg,Cu,P P Bilski(特邀)Cs Gd2 F7晶体的发光特性N Kristianpoller等TL材料的高分辨率发射光谱T Vilaithong等OSL与Al2 O3:CTL陷阱分布的相关性A E Akselrod等应用于中子与γ剂量测量的Li KYF5:Pr3+和Ky F4 :Tm3+晶体的热释光特性M Coeck等人工石英的热释光发光曲线的详细的动力学研究G Kitis等KMg F3:Ce3+和Na Mg F3:Ce3+的光致发光与热释光特性N JM Le Masson等对新的高灵敏Ca So4 :Dy热释光磷光体的进一步…     

Al2O3:C、LiF:Mg,Ti、LiF:Mg,Cu,P对本底辐射的热释光响应比较

用Al2O3:C、LiF:Mg,Ti、LiF:Mg,Cu,P热释光剂量计(TLD)测量湛江市区本底辐射的热释光响应,以选取适合低辐射场辐射剂量测量的TLD。它们的最低响应剂量依次为Al2O3:C(1–2μGy)、LiF:Mg,Cu,P(约2μGy)和LiF:Mg,Ti(>10μGy)。Al2O3:C的热释光峰温较低,对较长时间段(>30 d)的累积剂量,存在较明显的热释光衰退,剂量响应曲线偏离线性;LiF:Mg,Cu,P和LiF:Mg,Ti的发光峰温较高,数年内都很稳定。综合考虑灵敏度和稳定性,LiF:Mg,Cu,P更宜于低辐射场的累积剂量测量。     

空间低剂量率辐射感生漏电流预估方法研究

本文给出了一种预估CMOS器件辐照感生漏电流的总剂量辐射响应模型,并利用模型计算了非加固C4007B和加固CC4007RH NMOS器件受不同γ射线剂量率辐射下的总剂量效应.研究结果表明,在实验室选用任意一特定剂量率进行辐射实验和室温退火,利用给定的模型可以预估其它剂量率辐射下的总剂量效应,并给出了CC4007RH和C4007B器件空间低剂量率(1×10-4-1×10-2 rad/s)环境下的漏电流的预估结果.     

枯草芽孢杆菌淀粉酶高产菌株的辐射诱变研究

采用了不同总辐照剂量和剂量率的γ射线以及快中子一次、二次辐照枯草芽孢杆菌,采用平板透明圈方法,以菌落直径、透明圈直径、透明圈直径与菌落直径之比(HC值)为指标,研究γ和快中子辐照对枯草芽孢杆菌产淀粉酶的辐射诱变效应,同时筛选高产淀粉酶的变异株.结果表明:(1)快中子和γ射线都能有效诱导枯草芽孢杆菌高产淀粉酶;(2)采用不同总辐照剂量和剂量率的γ射线和快中子一次辐照后,菌落平均直径均比对照小,且随着γ射线辐照剂量的增大,菌落平均直径有变小的趋势;(3)采用快中子二次辐照后,菌落平均直径、菌落最大直径、透明圈平均直径、透明圈最大直径以及HC最大值都远远高于原菌落值;(4)重复筛选出三株高产淀粉酶菌株,它们的菌落直径最大为8.32mm,透明圈直径最大为22.38mm,透明圈与菌落直径之比最大达到5.39.且有两株在传至15代都能稳定高产淀粉酶.     

Identification of radiation treatment of wheat （Triticum aestivum. L）and rice （Oryza sativa. L） samples using thermoluminescence of contaminating minerals

Food irradiation is gaining popularity worldwide and this technology is important to improve quality and reduce the post harvest losses of food. Because of the rapid commercialization of irradiated foods throughout the world, compliance of different regulations relating to use of technology in different countries and demand of consumers for clear labelling of irradiated foods, there is need for the development of analytical methods to detect radiation treatment of food. Among several methods studied so far, thermoluminescence （TL） is an important method that can be used to find out the irradiation history of food that contain even a very minute amount of dust particles. In this study, the irradiated and unirradiated wheat and rice samples were analyzed using the TL method. The samples were purchased from the local market of Peshawar and irradiated to radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy using Co-60 gamma irradiator at the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture （NIFA）, Peshawar. The mineral contaminants were isolated by jet water, ultrasonic treatment, and density gradient. TL glow curves of the isolated minerals from irradiated and unirradiated samples were recorded between the temperature ranges of 50-500℃ using a TL reader. Generally, the glow curves for irradiated samples showed much higher TL intensities （TL1） than the unirradiated samples. The results were normalized by rerradiation of mineral samples to gamma-ray dose of 1.0 kGy followed by determination of the second glow curves （TL2）. The ratio of the area of first glow curve to that of second glow curve （TL1/TL2） was calculated for selected temperature intervals and compared with the recommended values for unirradiated and irradiated samples. Finally, the shapes of the glow curves for irradiated and unirradiated samples were also analyzed. On the basis of these results （comparison of TL-intensities, TL1/TL2 ratios and shapes of the glow curves）, all the irradiated and unirradiated samples of wheat and rice were unequivocally identified.     

有效探测面积大于1000 cm2的正比计数器测量系统性能测试

为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm²的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的²⁴¹Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明：计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm²;所得²⁴¹Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

Interaction between uranium and humic acid (Ⅰ): Adsorption behaviors of U(Ⅵ) in soil humic acids

The adsorption behaviors of uranium on three soil humic acids (HAs), which were extracted from soils of different depths at the same site, were investigated under various experimental conditions. The adsorption results showed that U(Ⅵ) in solutions can be adsorbed by the three soil HAs, with the order of FHA (HA from 5 m depth of soil) ＞SHA (HA from the surface) ＞THA (HA from 10 m depth of soil) for adsorption efficiency in each desirable condition, and the adsorption reached equilibrium in about 240 min. Although the maximum adsorption efficiency was adsorption could be described with Langmiur isotherm or Freundlich isotherm equation. The L/S (liquid/solid, mL/g)ratio and pH were important factors influencing the adsorption in our adsorption system besides uranium concentration. The adsorption efficiency decreased with the increase of the L/S ratio and pH at the pH range of 2.0-3.0 for SHA and THA or 2.5 - 6.0 for FHA. However, no significant difference in adsorption of U(Ⅵ) was observed at the experimental temperature. All the results implied that humic substances have different characteristics in samples even collected at the same site.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

The preclinical pharmacological study of dopamine transporter imaging agent 18F-FP-β-CIT

The paper is to study pharmacologic characteristics of 18F-FP-β-CIT (18F-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β- carbomethoxy-3β- (4-iodophenyl)nortropane) as an imaging agent for dopamine transporter. The radiochemical purity of 18F-FP-β-CIT in aqueous solution was over 95% after standing at room temperature for 4h. Biodistribution displayed rapid uptake in rat brain (1.375 %ID/organ at 5min and 0.100 %ID/organ at 180 min) and the striatal uptake was 1.444,0.731, 0.397, 0.230 and 0.146 %ID/g at 5, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min, respectively. The values of striatum/cerebellum,striatum/frontal cortex and striatum / hippocampus in rat's brain at 30 min were 3.38, 2.17 and 2.40 respectively. The uptake in striatum can be blocked by β-CFT, suggesting that 18F-FP-β-CIT binds to DAT peculiarly. The compound was rapidly cleared from monkey's blood. The striatal uptake was bilaterally decreased in the left-sided lesioned PD rats, compared with normal control. Brain PET imaging studies in normal monkey showed that 18F-FP-β-CIT was concentrated in striatum. The test of undue toxicity showed that the dose received by mice was 1250 times as by human, which indicates that 18F-FP-β-CIT is very safe. So 18F-FP-β-CIT is a promising PET imaging agent for DAT with safety and validity.     

Information for authors

<正>1.NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES(NST),a bimonthly journal,is devoted to all aspects of nuclear science and technology,theoretical or experimental.Its special interest lies in the subjects of synchrotron radiation science and technology;low energy accelerators,radiation technology and applications;radiochemistry,radiopharmaceuticals and nuclear medicine;nuclear electronics and instrumen-     

PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUTHOR INDEX TO VOLUME 16(2014)

正~~