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Lars S. Johansson Jan F. Branthaver Raymond E. Robertson 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2013,31(10):1317-1343
Abstract The oxidation and age-hardening propensities of eight widely varying petroleum asphalts used for paving were studied with and without hydrated lime, and with inert particulate matter in place of lime. The results show that oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and benzyl carbon to ketone is affected very little by the presence of lime. However, the addition of lime does inhibit age-hardening in asphalt whereas the inert particulate matter in the same amount and particle size has little effect other than the filler effect exhibited by the lime and the inert particulate. The principal inhibition of age-hardening of asphalt by hydrated time occurs at high pavement temperatures (> 60°C). At low and moderate temperatures (<50°C), age-hardening is very slow and typically not a major problem in pavement. It is speculated elsewhere in detailed aging studies that the high temperature age-hardening of paving asphalts results from formation of multimolecular, three dimensional matrices in asphalt formed among polar molecules. Hydrated lime appears to interfere with this type of matrix formation, probably by chemical reaction with carboxylic and other acids, to reduce the sizes and/or strengths of the matrices. As a practical result, lime reduces the rate of hardening of asphalt hence prolonging the expected lifetime of a roadway. 相似文献
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《石油机械》2001,(12)
IDRILLING EQ[JIPMENTComputer simulation test Of operating demck……………………………………………………… Zhou Guoqlang,et al.（1）:8On-the-spot investigation in IDECO E1700 dulling rig………………………………·,……………·,··Ma WeigIJo,et al·（l）:45The standard requl。ments of onshore dulling equipment··、………………………………………………、…··Yu Wenping（3）:46Development of dulling ngs In China and our countermeasu。s·,…………………………………………………·Ma J… 相似文献
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Mu Long-xin 《石油勘探与开发》1995,(6)
ＥＳＴＡＢＬＩＳＨＭＥＮＴＯＦＴＨＥＧＥＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＭＯＤＥＬＯＦＦＲＡＣＴＵＲＥＤＲＥＳＥＲＶＯＩＲＳ￥ＭｕＬｏｎｇ－ｘｉｎ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍＥｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ，ＣＮＰＣ）... 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Kinetics of non-catalytic liquefaction of Seyitomsr lignite has been investigated under hydrogen pressure, using tetralin as a Bolvent in a laboratory Bcale batch autoclave reactor. In the first set of experiment hydrogen initial pressure and reaction temperature were kept constant, the reaction time and coal/aolvent ratio were changed at five and three levels espectively. In the second set of experiments coal/solvent ratio was kept constant and hydrogen initial pressure, reaction temperature and time were individually changed at four levels. The produot was analyzed in terms of total conversion, liquid yield and liquid product distribution determined as preasphaltenes, asphaltense and oila. A satisfactory correlation was obtained using the kinetic model proposed by Shalabi et al (1979). 相似文献
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Immatureoilisknownasakindofimportantirregularoilresourcegeneratedfromkerogenbeforetheoilwindowunderlowmaturity(suchasR.r0'7%).Inrecentyears,commercialimmature0ilfieldshavebeenfound0vertheworldandalsoins0meregions0fEastChina[1].Apartofimmatureoilisinherite… 相似文献
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ＡＮＥＷＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥＯＦＴＨＥＡＣＱＵＩＳＩＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＩＮＧＯＦＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＳＥＩＳＭＩＣ￥ＰａｎＺｕ－ｆｕ；ＷａｎｇＹｕ－ｑｉｎｇ（ＳｉｃｈｕａｎＰｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍＡｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ）（Ｎｏｒｔｈｗｅｓｔ... 相似文献
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《石油科技论坛》1998,(2)
Ⅱ9. As for the Eretrians, whom Datis and Artaphernes had carried away captive, when the fleet reached Asia, they were taken up to Susa. Now King Darius, before they were made his prisoners, nourished a fierce anger against these men for having injured him without provocation; but now that he saw them brought into his presence, and become his subjects, he did them no other harm, hut only settled them at one of his own stations in Cissia-a place called Ardericca-two hundred and ten furlongs distant from Susa, and forty from the well which yields produce of 相似文献