基于单快拍极化平滑处理的DOA跟踪算法

该文研究了基于电磁矢量传感器阵列的相干信号波达方向(DOA)跟踪问题。首先,对一种增强阵列有效孔径的单快拍极化平滑估计算法(SSPSA)的解相干性能进行了分析,此算法可以用于相干信号的DOA快速估计。在此基础上,提出了一种基于迭代的相干信号DOA跟踪算法,此算法无需奇异值分解和矩阵求逆运算,具有较快的跟踪速度。仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。     

相干声波信号DOA单快拍矢量平滑估计与跟踪算法

本文研究了基于声矢量传感器阵列的相干信号波达方向(DOA)估计和跟踪问题.首先,根据中心对称均匀线阵方向矩阵的平移不变特性,提出了一种增强阵列有效孔径的单快拍矢量平滑估计算法(PVFSIA),该算法可以用于相干信号的DOA快速估计.在此基础上,提出了基于迭代的相干信号DOA跟踪算法,该算法无需奇异值分解和矩阵求逆运算,...     

单快拍数据的分布式二维阵列测角方法研究

该文针对2维阵列波达方向估计问题,提出一种基于单快拍数据的分布式2维DOA估计算法。该算法首先利用每个子阵单元的单快拍数据进行2维Hankle矩阵构造;然后基于2维状态空间平衡法分别获得方位角和俯仰角子阵单元内DOA估计与子阵单元间DOA估计;最后通过解模糊算法获得方位角和俯仰角高精度无模糊DOA估计。该算法较好地解决了子阵单元内DOA估计和子阵单元间DOA估计之间的配对问题以及俯仰角和方位角之间配对问题,充分利用分布式阵列扩展阵列物理孔径特性;同时该算法可直接对相干信号和非相干信号进行处理。计算机仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。     

结合压缩感知模型的稀疏阵列波束形成方法

本文从稀疏阵列入手,将稀疏阵列接收数据模型转化为更高自由度下的单快拍接收数据模型,并将压缩感知模型引入稀疏阵列信号处理问题中,从理论上证明了其可行性。在等效单快拍数据下,利用稀疏重构算法准确估计信源方位和功率,进而对传统MVDR波束形成器进行优化。仿真结果表明,采用压缩感知模型实现稀疏阵列的波束形成,能够将稀疏阵列和压缩感知算法两者的优势结合,在阵列阵元数较少的条件下达到更高的自由度,同时具备良好的波束形成器性能。      

单快拍虚拟阵列Toeplitz矩阵重构的相干信源DOA估计

针对相干信源的DOA估计,提出一种基于单快拍虚拟阵列Toeplitz矩阵(SSVT)重构的解相干算法。该方法利用阵元接收的单快拍数据构造出双向虚拟子阵,并对虚拟子阵的协方差矩阵的平均值进行Toeplitz矩阵重构,实现对相干信源的DOA估计。该方法无需进行多次快拍,在不损失阵列孔径和工作阵元的基础上实现相干信源的DOA估计。仿真结果表明,该算法降低了运算量,在低信噪比的情况下也能分辨M-1个相干信源。     

单快拍数据的分布式阵列DOA估计

该文针对分布式阵列相干信号单次快拍波达方向估计问题,提出一种基于状态空间平衡法的1维波达角估计算法。该算法首先直接利用单快拍数据以分布式阵列每个子阵单元进行Hankle矩阵构造,然后采用状态空间平衡法,分别获得低精度无模糊的子阵单元内DOA估计和高精度有模糊的子阵单元间DOA估计,最后结合配对和解模糊算法获得高精度无模糊DOA估计。该算法不受信号形式限制,可同时对相干信号和非相干信号进行处理,能充分利用分布式阵列扩展阵列物理孔径特性,获得较高的DOA估计精度。计算机仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。     

基于压缩感知的被动雷达导引头信源数估计方法

随着雷达反摧毁技术的发展,被动雷达导引头面临着在雷达和诱饵形成的不完全重合信号中进行超分辨测向的挑战,需要单快拍测向技术。现有测向技术大多假设信源数已知,而传统的信源数估计方法在单快拍时性能大幅下降甚至失效。为解决这一问题,提出了一种基于压缩感知的单快拍信源数估计方法。该方法首先将被动雷达导引头阵列测向模型稀疏表示,其次通过子空间算法和压缩感知算法相结合进行降阶和解相干处理,然后提出一种改进的正交匹配追踪算法,研究残差的变化规律,最后构造目标函数估计信源数。仿真实验表明,该方法在单快拍、阵元数少、信号相干的极端情况下估计成功率较高。     

时空扩展MUSIC的空速估计算法

针对基于声矢量传感器的空气流动速度(简称空速)测量问题,提出基于时空扩展MUSIC空速估计算法。首先,经过理论分析,得出在超音速气流形成的马赫锥内,任何一点有且仅有两个波阵面相叠加,这两个波阵面可以被认为是由两个相干"等效声源"产生的,在此项基础上,建立了声波在超音速稳定气流中的传播模型;其次,结合声矢量传感器的测量模型,基于时空扩展MUSIC算法实现超音速空速估计,并对测量模型进行了失效分析,推导了估计的CRB界;仿真实验结果验证了算法的有效性。     

基于块稀疏恢复的高频雷达空间角谱和极化谱联合估计方法

高频地波雷达（high-frequency surface wave radar,HFSWR）中电离层杂波的存在,会极大地影响雷达系统的性能,降低对目标的探测能力.为了精确获得杂波参数,从而更好地抑制电离层杂波,提出了一种基于压缩感知（compressive sensing,CS）的单快拍参数估计方法,用于对电离层杂波的空域和极化域参数估计.该方法基于极化敏感阵列的块稀疏估计模型,应用块正交匹配追踪（block orthogonal matching pursuit,BOMP）算法实现距离-多普勒域的单快拍空间角度和极化参数联合估计,并进一步获得目标和杂波的空间角谱和极化谱.该方法适用于任意极化敏感阵列,在距离-多普勒域单快拍条件下,其估计性能优于传统方法,且计算复杂度极低,可以实现实时处理.仿真结果和某HFSWR系统实测数据处理结果表明了参数估计方法的有效性.     

基于单快拍稀疏重构的阵列雷达前视成像北大核心CSCD

针对阵列雷达前视高分辨成像问题,文中提出了一种基于单快拍数据稀疏重构的成像算法。在对各阵元回波信号进行脉冲压缩及运动校正后,以波束指向角为中心在主瓣范围内构建信号矢量及对应观测矩阵,利用稀疏贝叶斯学习算法对当前指向角多个阵元的单快拍数据进行稀疏重构,得到散射系数分布;进一步对不同指向角重构所得散射系数进行幅度积累,得到最终的前视图像。仿真结果表明,该算法能在低角度采样率条件下获得有效的前视超分辨图像。     

RAM-based angle estimation with linear spatially separated polarisation sensitive array

Two-dimensional direction of arrival (2D-DOA) and polarisation estimation of multiple incident signals for linear spatially separated polarisation sensitive array (SS-PSA) is investigated with reweighted atomic norm minimisation (RAM) algorithm. Single vector sensor in this paper is composed of spatially separated three dipoles and three loops. Firstly, the received data of the proposed array with single snapshot is converted into the new received data with six virtual snapshots. Each virtual snapshot data is the data sensing by dipoles or loops located in the same direction. Secondly, based on each virtual snapshot data, the complex amplitudes and frequencies of the virtual signals are restored using RAM algorithm. Lastly, 2D-DOA and polarisation angles are derived according to the restored complex amplitudes and frequencies. Simulation results demonstrate that the RAM algorithm used in 2D-DOA and polarisation estimation with SS-PSA exhibits superior performance, which is better compared with polarisation multiple signal classi?cation (PMUSIC) algorithm and rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm.     

七元空间声阵应用时延估计定位的研究

弹丸在出膛和空中飞行时处于超声速运动状态.根据声学原理,可以利用超声速运动物体产生的激波来对其进行空间定位和跟踪.针对五元空间声阵存在定位精度较差等问题,提出了一种七元空间声阵探测的模型,以及利用被动声时延估计原理进行推导的定位算法.结合了七元空间声阵和五元空间声阵推导出的定位算法,分别利用同一组理想定点代入定位算法进...     

声测定位技术的现状研究

声测定位技术是利用声学与电子装置接收声信号以确定声源位置的一种技术,具有隐蔽性好、保密性强、不易受干扰等特点。近年来受到各国的重视,并在军事领域得到长足的发展。重点介绍声测定位的关键技术,时延估计算法和声测阵列的选择是影响定位精度的主要因素。对几种广泛采用的声测阵列,给出相应的基本原理、定位计算方法并对各自特点进行比较。在声测定位系统中,利用时延估计对声信号进行处理是定位的重要环节,介绍了时延估计的基本理论、研究状况以及精度分析和比较,分析了影响定位精度的其他因素。     

Two-dimensional DOA estimation for acoustic vector-sensor array using a successive MUSIC

This paper discusses the problem of two-dimensional (2D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for acoustic vector-sensor array, and derives a successive multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm therein. The proposed algorithm obtains initial estimations of the azimuth and elevation angles obtained from the signal subspace, and uses successively one-dimensional local searches to achieve the joint estimation of 2D-DOA. The proposed algorithm, which requires the one-dimension local searches, can avoid the high computational cost within 2D-MUSIC algorithm. The proposed algorithm can obtain automatically-paired 2D-DOA estimation for acoustic vector-sensor array, and it has better DOA estimation performance than propagator method, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique algorithm and trilinear decomposition algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close angle estimation to 2D-MUSIC algorithm. Furthermore, it is suitable for non-uniform linear arrays, works well for the sources with the same azimuth angle, and imposes less constraint on the sensor spacing, which does not have to be restricted within half-wavelength. We have also derived the mean-square error of DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of DOA estimation. Simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

利用空时平均最大特征值算法的DOA估计

利用阵列天线接收信号的空时平稳特性,在最大特征值法的基础上提出一种改进的DOA估计算法.通过对阵列输出采样协方差矩阵的修正,在低信噪比、小采样数的情况下,能有效改善DOA估计性能.理论分析和实验仿真表明,改进算法结构简单、收敛速度快,对多径信号具有很强的鲁棒性.     

基于波束空间的后验稀疏约束迭代DOA估计方法

基于后验稀疏约束的高分辨窄带信号波达方向(DOA)迭代估计算法在每次迭代时需要计算高阶矩阵的逆.本文提出了后验稀疏约束迭代DOA估计的波束空间简化实现算法.波束空间的滤波预处理避免了受噪声影响的正则化参数选取问题.由于每次迭代需要求逆的矩阵阶数一般为3或4,大大简化了DOA估计的计算量.     

一种基于波束空间的单次快拍MUSIC算法

针对MUSIC算法在工程应用中存在的计算量大、快拍需求数多等问题,详细研究了一种单次快拍MUSIC算法。针对这种算法存在的分辨力差、估计偏差大等缺陷,提出了一种新的基于波束空间的单次快拍MUSIC算法,该方法首先利用单次快拍来估计阵列数据的协方差矩阵,再将常规波束形成方法和MUSIC超分辨方法相结合,实现对空间谱的估计。仿真结果表明,这种新方法提高了分辨力,降低了估计偏差,进一步减少了运算量。     

Single-snapshot robust direction finding

The paper presents a novel approach for recursively estimating the directions of arrival of incident signals as measurements are received along a sensor array. Using a single snapshot and without any statistical assumptions, the proposed method employs a robust performance criterion, which is based on worst-case gain minimization. The criterion aims to reduce the estimation error induced by worst-case amplitude and phase perturbations as well as additive noise in the array model. An algorithm that guarantees the criterion-within a first-order approximation-is developed and shown to converge. Moreover, instead of using a trial-and-error method to find a constant, minimum worst-case gain, the minimum worst-case gain is updated as each sensor measurement is processed. A step-by-step implementation of the algorithm is presented, and its computational complexity is analyzed. The performance of the new approach is evaluated by simulating the estimation algorithm for a linear array and comparing its performance with that of an existing single-snapshot algorithm.     

VAE/MPM/GA Technique for DoA Estimation Using Optimized Antenna Arrays

Many algorithms have been proposed to estimate the direction of arrival for the targets, but through using a large number of snapshots. In real time applications such as automotive radar, this is unacceptable as it causes delay and heavy processing. Instead, if only a small number of snapshots or, optimally, a single snapshot is available for DoA estimation, it will be fast and efficient. Single snapshot algorithms have a drawback as they require a large number of antenna elements, which considered a limiting factor. In this paper, a single snapshot DoA estimation technique is introduced by using optimized antenna arrays. The proposed algorithm is based on utilization of virtual array extension, matrix pencil method, and the genetic algorithm. The use of virtual array extension greatly improves the MPM performance. Furthermore, it exhibits a high DoA estimation accuracy by using a reduced number of antenna elements. The genetic algorithm is employed to determine the minimum number of antenna elements, which are required to estimate the DoAs with minimal root mean square error.