仿金锂云母基珠光颜料的制备及性能表征

采用加碱中和法合成了仿金珠光颜料.利用XRD衍射仪、SEM扫描、分光光度计、测色仪等分析手段对所制备的仿金珠光颜料进行了性能表征.探讨了FeSO4:TiO2引入量和煅烧温度对珠光颜料呈色效果的影响.分光光度计测试实验结果表明:当FeSO4:TjO2摩尔比为1:1,最高反射率在560～580hm为86.5%(黄色),煅烧温度850℃时所获得的珠光颜料呈现金黄色光泽.     

双覆层包膜法制备彩色云母珠光颜料

通过双覆层包膜法在自制云母钛表面包覆一层其它金属氧化物,而制备出彩色云母珠光颜料.钴着黑色珠光颜料的最适宜工艺条件为:水解温度100℃,pH值7～8,对应于10 g云母钛的硝酸钴加入量为25～30 mL,水解反应时间为2.0 h,煅烧条件是在600℃下保温1.5 h.镍着灰绿色珠光颜料的最适宜工艺条件为:水解温度90 ...     

以单晶片状氧化铝为基材包覆二氧化钛银白珠光颜料的制备

以单晶片状氧化铝为基材,采用液相沉积法将TiO_2包覆Al_2O_3制备银白珠光颜料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、激光粒度仪、刮涂卡表征等检测方法,系统考察了包覆过程中反应pH值、钛液包覆率、反应温度、煅烧温度等参数对银白珠光颜料光泽性能的影响。实验结果表明:当体系pH值约为2,温度约为80℃,加料速度为0.6 g/min,钛液包覆率为30.5%,煅烧温度为800℃时制备TiO_2包覆Al_2O_3银白珠光颜料具有较好的光泽和白度。     

云母钛珠光颜料前驱体煅烧工艺的研究

以硫酸沸腾水解法制备出的珠光颜料前驱体为研究对象,采用差热-热重分析仪对前驱体进行热分析,初步确定煅烧温度范围;借助X射线粉末衍射分析仪对煅烧后的产物进行晶相鉴定与分析,并利用扫描电镜观察煅烧后的产物的微观形貌,以此来反馈煅烧温度和煅烧时间对产物的影响.研究结果表明:在850 ℃下煅烧1 h样品的珠光效果强烈,其表面的TiO2多晶膜致密光滑无裂痕;且TiO2已完全转化为金红石型晶体,从而提高了珠光颜料的耐热性和耐候性.     

珍珠光泽艺术釉的制备研究

珠光釉可以提高陶瓷美学价值和产品附加值。但由于珠光颜料易于与陶瓷基础釉反应，过高的温度会导致颜料基片熔融失去珠光效果。因此不与颜料反应且熔融温度低的基础釉是制备珠光釉的前提。采用B₂O₃部分代替SiO₂，以低温固相反应法研制适于珠光颜料的基础釉，探究了B₂O₃含量、烧成温度、保温时长对基础釉的影响。结果发现配比为nNa₂O∶nK₂O∶nAl₂O₃∶nSiO₂∶nB₂O₃=0.993∶0.007∶0.068∶3.054∶2.628，烧结温度为850℃，保温4h,XRD表明，样品B3已无明显的衍射峰，说明已经形成玻璃。将B3与5 wt%～15 wt%珠光颜料适配烧成，XRD表明，800℃以上的烧成温度破坏了珠光颜料，而750℃保温0.5 h含12.5 wt%珠光颜料烧成样品珍珠光泽和釉面效果俱佳。三维景深显微镜观察珠光颜料在釉中分...     

玻璃基珠光颜料的制备

通过实验研究玻璃基珠光颜料制备的最佳工艺条件,通过比较珠光颜料的白度最终确定:预处理的最佳工艺为采用质量浓度为5%的碳酸钠溶液以固液质量比1∶20在温度为40℃的条件下清洗24 h。对应于10 g玻璃鳞片,制备玻璃基珠光颜料方法:加入1 ml的四氯化锡和2 ml硅烷;尿素的加入量为15 g,加入方式为将尿素的80%一次性加入到玻璃鳞片悬浮液中,20%加入到四氯化钛溶液中;水解的最佳温度为90℃;四氯化钛溶液的加入量为30 ml,钛液滴加速度为0.5 ml/min;煅烧的最优条件为500℃下煅烧2 h。     

金色云母珠光颜料在建筑陶瓷的应用

通过把金黄色云母珠光颜料分散在四种陶瓷熔块釉中,研究了云母珠光颜料在建筑陶瓷釉面砖装饰的呈色和光泽效果,利用XRD衍射仪、测色仪等仪器对所制备的仿金陶瓷釉面进行了性能表征.结果表明:当金黄色锂云母珠光颜料为15wt%时,被装饰的釉面随着温度升高到900℃快烧时,都呈现较强的金色光泽;但随着温度的继续升高或烧成周期的延长,都会导致金色光泽减弱,通过XRD分析表明,这主要是由于锐钛矿向金红相转化和锂云母相向钾长石相转化所致.该颜料的研制有望替代昂贵的金属装饰.     

液相沉积法合成云母钛珠光颜料工艺研究

本文就液相沉积法合成云母钛珠光颜料工艺进行了探讨。研究了反应体系的温度、钛盐溶液的浓度和pH值等因素对产品珠光光泽的影响。实验结果表明：温度为80℃、钛液浓度为1．5％、pH约为3时，云母钛珠光颜料的珠光光泽相对较好。     

熔盐法制备片状氧化铝的影响因素研究

片状氧化铝的性能优良,目前广泛应用于陶瓷增强材料、化妆品、珠光颜料等领域。本文以硫酸铝和硫酸铝铵为原料,以氯化钾为熔盐,利用熔盐合成法制备片状氧化铝,研究了不同氧化铝源、煅烧温度和熔盐的含量对片状氧化铝形貌和晶型的影响,结果显示氯化钾与硫酸铝物质量的比值为12︰1,煅烧温度为1000℃,保温时间为4小时,得到了α晶型的六角形片状氧化铝,且形貌规则。     

微乳液法制备包裹型锆铁红陶瓷颜料

利用辛基苯基聚氧乙烯醚(triton X-100)/正己醇/环己烷所形成的水/油型微乳液首先获得了Fe-ZrSiO4红色陶瓷颜料的前驱体,经煅烧后合成了包裹型的锆铁红陶瓷颜料.通过热重-差热分析、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、能谱分析及色度测试等对颜料的形成过程、微观结构及性能进行了表征和分析.结果表明:微乳液法所制备锆铁红颜料前驱体为无定形粉末,且残留有一定量的表面活性剂等有机物:该前驱体在600℃以下会发生约45%的质量损失,600℃以上质量几乎不再发生改变.无矿化剂作用下,锆铁红陶瓷颜料的开始形成温度约为1 100℃;前驱体在1 200℃煅烧并保温1 h可获得包裹型锆铁红陶瓷颜料,该颜料红度值较高(a*=28.95),且具有较高的包裹率.     

Materials and technological evolution of ancient cobalt-blue-decorated ceramics: Pigments and work patterns in tin-glazed objects from Aragon (Spain) from the 15th to the 18th century AD

Cobalt-blue-decorated ceramics with tin glazes have been produced in the Iberian Peninsula since the 14th century AD and in Aragon region since the 15th century until the present time. An important ceramic trade was developed and relations with potters of other important production centres were established. Representative objects from archaeological findings could help in drawing conclusions on the technology used in the manufacture of blue-decoration ceramics. In this work, the composition of bodies and glazes of more than fifty samples of blue-decorated ceramics from Aragon was determined by ICPAES and EDX–Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Based on this information, different ceramic groups could be appreciated and reference values valuable for the subsequent study of the blue decorations by means of other techniques, such as laser ablation (LA)–ICPMS, were also obtained. In particular, the data obtained permitted to unequivocally establish the use of three different types of cobalt pigments, with clear changes between areas and periods. Moreover, it is demonstrated that this evolution in the nature of the blue pigments was related to a different procedure when decorating the object, namely the application of the pigments and the drawing the designs before (under glaze) or after (on glaze) covering the ceramic with the tin glaze.     

Ceramic Pigments with the Mullite Structure Based on Topaz and Kaolinite

The possibility of obtaining ceramic pigments with the mullite structure based on natural minerals (kaolinite and topaz) is considered. It is established that these minerals are promising for the synthesis of ceramic pigments. The obtained pigments are resistant to high temperatures and have various tints.     

Physico-chemical properties of ceramic pigments for high-temperature application

Heat resistant coatings are required primarily for stacks, exhaust pipes, reactors, space crafts and similar equipments that are permanently or occasionally exposed to elevated temperatures. High-temperature coatings are generally based on silicone resin with ceramic and metallic pigments. In this study, iron oxide, cobalt oxide (thermo chromic compound) and aluminum oxide are used for the preparation of four new types of coloured pigments. The thermal resistant characteristics of these ceramic pigments were studied by differential thermal analysis, thermo gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetric analysis. These ceramic pigments are found to be thermally stable up to 400 °C.     

Solution combustion of spinel CuMn2O4 ceramic pigments for thickness sensitive spectrally selective (TSSS) paint coatings

A series of spinel-type CuMn₂O₄ ceramic pigments were prepared by a facile and low-cost sol-gel solution combustion method and used as cost-effective materials to fabricate thickness sensitive spectrally selective (TSSS) paint coatings by a convenient spray-coating technique. The chemical component, crystalline morphology, and optical property of the copper manganese oxide ceramic pigment could be accurately controlled by altering the annealing temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the ceramic pigments annealed at 500 °C for 1 h coincided well with the XRD patterns of crystalline CuMn₂O₄ in the JCPDS database, and there were segregated phases of CuO and Mn₂O₃. Furthermore, the pure spinel CuMn₂O₄ phase could be achieved at 900 °C for 1 h. The copper manganese oxide ceramic pigments could serve as an effective pigment for fabricating the TSSS paint coating, and the TSSS paint coatings based on ceramic pigments calcined at 900 °C showed solar absorptance of 0.895–0.905 and thermal emittance of 0.186–0.310. In addition, the accelerated thermal stability test revealed that the TSSS paint coating exhibited good thermal stability when it was exposed to air at a temperature of 300 °C for 300 h. Hence, the fabricated TSSS paint coating could be used as a solar absorber coating in the low-to-mid temperature domain.     

Effect of the milling process on the properties of CoFe2O4 pigment

In this study, CoFe₂O₄ pigments were synthesised using both co-precipitation and conventional ceramic methods. Pigment particles prepared using the conventional ceramic method were subsequently milled to submicron size. The effects of the solvent, dispersant and milling type in the milling process were investigated. This study showed that planetary milling in a diethylene glycol (DEG) medium with sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) was an effective method for producing submicron-sized pigment powders from pigments synthesised using the conventional method. With this method, submicron-sized pigment particles (approximately 190 nm) were obtained after milling for 4 h. Planetary milling was more efficient in reducing particle size compared to attrition milling. Co-precipitated pigment had a more intense black colour, due to the nanoscale particle size (<100 nm). However, conventional ceramic pigments also had an adequately intense black colour that increased after milling compared to unmilled conventional pigments. When considering production of industrial scale submicron-sized pigments, the milling of these pigments to submicron size can be a good alternative method for the production of ink colourants.     

Synthesis of black pigments containing chromium from leather sludge

The black ceramic pigments with spinel structure have been prepared by using Cr-rich leather sludge in this paper. The washed Cr-rich leather sludge calcined at 1100 °C for 1 h as chromium oxide precursor (named as CA) was mixed with an appropriate proportion of other industrial metallic oxides, followed synthesizing black ceramic pigment by sintering. Both non-washed and washed sludge fired at 1100 °C were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in order to determine their chemical compositions and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis to confirm that CA mainly contains Cr₂O₃ crystal phase. The results show that CA could be used as a source of chromium to prepare black pigment. The crystalline phases of obtained pigments were characterized by XRD. Furthermore, the morphology as well as the composition of pigments was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). The color coordinates of pigments were examined and compared with the commercial pigments based on CIE-L* a* b* values measured using UV–vis spectroscopy. The obtained pigments sintered at 1200 °C with 35–55 wt% content of CA possess the excellent black spinel structure and color effect. Under optimized conditions, the pigment has low average spectral reflectance (7%).     

Recycling of steelmaking electric arc furnace dust into aqueous cyan ceramic ink for inkjet printing process and its printability

Recycling of electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) has great potential for industrial applications, due to its useful metal contents, including zinc. In this study, aqueous cyan ceramic ink for ink-jet printing applications was synthesized using EAFD. More specifically, cyan ceramic pigments were synthesized using an empirical composition of Zn(EAFD)_XCo_1-XAl₂O₄, in which expensive cobalt oxide is replaced by Zn-enriched EAFD. Zn(EAFD)_0.25Co_0.75Al₂O₄, which has a vivid cyan color, was selected as the optimum composition of cyan ceramic pigments for synthesizing aqueous cyan ceramic ink for ink-jet printing applications. To prevent nozzle clogging during ink-jet printing, the cyan ceramic pigments were micronized. The micronized pigments were mixed with distilled water and dispersant to fabricate aqueous cyan ceramic ink. To determine the optimized jettability and printability of this ink, its rheological properties, including viscosity and surface tension, were adjusted and analyzed. It was concluded that the jettability and printability of aqueous cyan ceramic ink produced via ink-jet printing could be enhanced by appropriately adjusting its viscosity.     

无机反射隔热颜料的制备及性能研究

采用焙烧法制备了4种无机反射隔热颜料钛铬黄、铬绿、钴蓝和铁黑,通过X射线衍射技术（XRD）、激光粒径粒度分析仪、紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计等对颜料进行了表征。最后将制得的颜料制备成涂料与普通颜料进行隔热性能对比测试。结果表明,所制颜料具有优异的太阳光反射性能,TSR值可达30％-67％;应用在涂料中可有效提高涂料自身的反射隔热性能,相对普通颜料,温度可降低6～30℃,节约能耗15％～40％。     

Minimisation of toxicity in nickel ferrite black pigment

Abstract

Black ceramic pigments are usually prepared from a mixture of transition metal oxides, including toxic and hazardous elements such as Ni, Co, Cr, and Mn. Spinel type black ceramic pigments based on Ni(Fe,Cr)₂O₄ prepared by a ceramic method have been optimised to reduce toxic and hazardous components. Ni (an A1 carcinogen as classified by ACGIH)has been partially substituted by inert elements such as Mg and Zn and the content of Cr (an A1 carcinogen in hexavalent form) has been minimised, to obtain a black ceramic pigment in which the important properties (colour and stability) are maintained. The black pigments obtained have been glazed and compared with commercial pigments. While maintaining adequate colouring properties, the concentration of toxic elements in the composition has been reduced.     

The effect of milling and percentage dissociation of plasma dissociated zircon on the colour of Pr-yellow and V-blue zircon pigments

The effect of milling and percentage dissociation of plasma dissociated zircon (PDZ) on the colour of Pr-yellow and V-blue zircon pigments were investigated. A solid-state reaction process was used to produce zircon pigments and the Pr-yellow and V-blue pigments were calcined at 1050 and 950 °C, respectively in a conventional muffle furnace. Using pre-milled PDZ material, prior to the calcining process, the influence on the colour intensity of the pigments after application on a ceramic tile were compared to that of a PDZ material with no prior pre-milling before the calcination stage. Pr-yellow and V-blue zircon pigments produced from PDZ with different percentages dissociation, were also evaluated in this study. The different percentages dissociation of the PDZ material was achieved by only changing the zircon feed rate through a non-transfer arc plasma system, keeping all the other plasma parameters constant.The colour of the pigment samples was characterized on the grounds of the Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) standard procedure (CIE L^* a^* b^* measurements) after application on a bisque ceramic tile.