防锈油膜失效之前的电位变化

采用丝束电极研究防锈油膜失效之前的电位变化,结果表明,防锈油膜失效之前,涂油丝束电极腐蚀电位在（－０．２￣０．３Ｖ ｖｓ ＳＣＥ）范围内分布,呈现一定程度的不均匀性,防锈油膜失效之前,涂油丝束电极腐蚀电位随着浸泡时间而发生变化,在浸泡初期,随着浸泡时间的延长,腐蚀电位分布发生一定程度的正移,当腐蚀电位分布达到最大值时,随着浸泡时间的延长,腐蚀电位开始发生负移。防锈油膜失效之前,涂油丝束电极腐蚀电位     

采用丝束电极研究防锈油膜的防护性能

将１０１根金属丝聚集成束，制成一种检测防锈油膜防护性能的新型测试电极，测定了涂油丝束电极的腐蚀电位和油膜电阻的分布。结果表明，腐蚀电位分布服从非连续二基分布。油膜极化电阻分布服从对数正态分布。     

采用丝束电极研究金属的缝隙腐蚀*

采用丝束电极研究了铜在5%NaCl介质中的缝隙腐蚀行为。研究表明,铜发生缝隙腐蚀的过程中,缝隙内金属的腐蚀电位分布是不均匀的,不均匀的程度相差达数十毫伏。在缝隙腐蚀的初期,缝隙内金属腐蚀电位随着缝隙腐蚀的发生逐渐正移。随着缝隙腐蚀程度的加深,缝隙内金属的腐蚀电位发生负移,且逐渐均匀分布。这一过程与经典的金属缝隙腐蚀机理相吻合。     

苯并三唑对碳钢/铜合金电偶腐蚀行为的影响

目的 研究NaCl溶液中苯并三唑(BTA)对碳钢/铜合金电偶腐蚀行为的影响.方法 使用丝束电极(WBE)技术和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术研究在未添加和添加BTA的NaCl溶液中,丝束电极表面的电位分布、电流密度分布和电化学阻抗谱演化,同时对比分析碳钢区域与铜合金区域的阻抗谱特征.结果 在未添加BTA的条件下浸泡72 h...     

金属基底污染程度对防锈油膜电化学不均匀性的影响

采用丝束电极研究了金属基底污染程度对防锈油膜电化学不均匀性的影响。研究表明 ,基底金属表面受氯化钠污染的程度会影响防锈油膜腐蚀电位及油膜极化电阻分布的不均匀性及其分布规律。随着污染程度的增加 ,防锈油膜腐蚀电位服从不连续二项分布 ,防锈油膜阳极极化电阻Ra 从对数正态分布到指数分布转变为不连续二项分布 ,防锈油膜阴极极化电阻Rc 服从对数正态分布。进一步研究表明 ,基底污染将促进防锈油膜的腐蚀电位和油膜阳极极化电阻的不均匀分布 ,但有利于油膜阴极极化电阻的均匀分布。     

丝束电极对低碳钢缝隙腐蚀的研究

用丝束电极研究了低碳钢在５％ＮａＣｌ介质中的缝隙腐蚀行为,在发生缝隙腐蚀的过程中,缝隙内金属的腐蚀电位分布不均匀的程度相差数十个毫伏,随着缝隙腐蚀程度的加深,缝隙内金属的腐蚀电位逐渐均匀分布。     

Corrosion of carbon steel through a thin film of solution

The corrosion phenomena of carbon steel covered with a thin film of solution were examined by using a vertical rotating disk electrode dipped partially in the corroding solution. The diffusion rate of oxygen through the thin film of solution, obtained from the cathodic polarization curve, was the rate-determining step of the corrosion process. This rate was much larger than that through the bulk solution. The effect of carbon content in the steel on the corrosion is discussed and the corrosion of the steel containing copper is also discussed.     

Study of anti-contamination performance of temporarily protective oil coatings using wire beam electrode

A novel electrochemical method was developed to investigate the anti-contamination performance of temporarily protective oil coatings. Results showed that salt contamination on the metal substrate had influence on the heterogeneous distributions of corrosion potential, polarization resistance and their regularities. With increasing of salt contamination degree, the corrosion potentials distribution of oil coatings followed a discontinuous binomial probability distribution, whereas the anodic polarization resistance (R_a) distribution of oil coatings transformed from a log-normal probability distribution to an exponential probability distribution and then to a discontinuous binomial probability distribution, the cathodic polarization resistance (R_c) distribution of oil coatings followed a log-normal probability distribution. The influence of salt contamination on R_a and R_c of oil coatings was different. It was suggested that it is helpful to study the process of underfilm corrosion, and evaluate the performance of contamination resistance of oil coatings by using wire beam electrode.     

Stability of the Oxide Film On Metals in Relation to Inhibition Of Corrosion. I. Mild Steel in Presence of Aggressive Anions

Abstract

The initial steady-state electrode potential of mild steel in a vigorously aerated salt solution is believed to be a type of potential not previously described in that, for a given type of surface preparation of metal, it is wholly controlled by the nature and concentration of the anions in solution. It is a function of the area of breakdown of the oxide film on the metal surface; it is dynamically maintained and is not primarily determined by thermodynamic considerations. The quantitative relationships between the concentration of salt, the steady-state potential of ths steel and the associated corrosion rate have been investigated and explained. The measurement of such potentials provides a very simple method of assessing the relative effect of different anions on the stability of the oxide film.     

X70钢在含H2S的弱酸性溶液中的腐蚀行为的电化学研究

用动电位扫描法和电化学阻抗谱研究了X70钢在含H2S弱酸性溶液中的腐蚀行为,讨论了酸度、温度、浸泡时间、极化电位对X70钢腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,恒温下,随着溶液酸度的增加,促进了腐蚀反应阴极过程的进行;当酸度一定时,随着温度的增加,X70钢的自腐蚀电流逐渐增大,自腐蚀电位先负移后正移;随着浸泡时间的延长,FeS保护膜变得更加稳定,抑制作用增强;FeS保护膜在一定电位范围内可对电极反应起到抑制作用,当电位增加到更高的数值时,这种保护膜就会被破坏而失去保护作用。     

平整液对防锈油防护性能的影响

采用丝束电极研究了平整液对防锈油防护的影响。研究表明,涂油丝束电极在浸泡初期,随着浸泡时间的延长,腐蚀电位平均值发生一定程度的正移。当腐蚀电位平均值达到最大值时,随着浸泡时间的工,腐蚀电位开始发生负 ,这一过程与油膜下发生的金属腐蚀过程有关。平整液对防锈油防护性能的影响表现在对涂油丝束电极腐蚀电位平均值及其方差随油膜下金属腐程度的变化上,经过比较,发现ＳＰ３平整液不影响涂油丝束电极腐蚀电位的分布,     

Study of electronic‐ionic conducting transformation of temporarily protective oil coating in salt solution

In this paper, a multiple microelectrode array was developed to study the electronic‐ionic conducting transition of temporarily protective oil coating in salt solution. It was pointed out that there existed electronic‐ionic transition of temporarily protective oil coating in salt solution varying with immersion time. At the early stage of immersion, the oil coating was an electronic conductor, which having very low conductivity. With increasing of immersion time, the oil coating transformed from electronic conductor to ionic conductor, where ionic diffusion in the coating was predominant. Based upon Bailey and Ritchie's general electrochemical theory for the oxidation of metals, an electrochemical analysis of potential inhomogeneity of the oil coating was presented. It was assumed that only one step could be rate‐determining in the overall reaction in the metal/oil film/solution system. It was predicted that there were two kinds of film in the temporarily protective oil coating, ionic and electronic conducting film. For the ionic conducting film, potentials of oil coated electrode were equal to equilibrium potential of metal oxidation at the metal/coating interface (E_a^eq), and it had the most negative value. For the electronic conducting film, potentials obtained were equal to the equilibrium potential of the oxidant reduction at the coating/electrolyte interface (E_c^eq), and it had the most positive value. Potential measurements in this paper verified the results of Wormwell and Brasher's research in 1949; the distribution of potential on oil‐painted wire beam electrodes being heterogeneous and following a discontinuous binomial probability distribution were also elucidated.     

Influences of the three‐phase boundary on the electrochemical corrosion characteristics of carbon steel under droplets

The potential/current distributions of carbon steel were investigated under 0.001 M sodium chloride droplets of various sizes using a wire beam electrode. During the corrosion process, carbon steel exhibited heterogeneous electrochemical characteristics with the major anodes located near the edge of the droplets. The three‐phase boundary (TPB) plays a vital role in determining the electrochemical distribution and the corrosion degree of carbon steel. With the increase of droplet size, the average anodic current density and the corrosion degree decreased, which is believed to be due to the decrease of the TPB length per unit area.     

油膜下局部腐蚀的探讨

采用丝束电极测试每一丝电极的电位、腐蚀电流大小,直观地探测油膜局部区域的电化学参数分布,研究油膜下的腐蚀情况。结果表明,各涂油丝束电极间存在电化学差异,油膜下存在腐蚀微电池,油膜下的腐蚀是分区进行的,阴极区受到保护,阳极区金属发生腐蚀。     

Correlation between electrochemical impedance and current distribution of carbon steel under organic coating

The current distribution of carbon steel beneath intact organic coating exposed to 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated by the wire beam electrode (WBE) method. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of individual electrodes with high current was characterized to analyze the behavior of the coating degradation and metal corrosion at coating/metal interface. The polarity switch of the electrode under the coating was observed. The mechanism of coating degradation and carbon steel substrate corrosion was discussed from a point of electrochemical distribution.     

Study of localized corrosion of 304 stainless steel under chloride solution droplets using the wire beam electrode

Localized corrosion of 304 stainless steel under droplets of 1 M sodium chloride solution was investigated by the wire beam electrode (WBE) method. It was found that the current distributions were heterogeneous with isolated anodic current peaks mostly located near the edge of the droplet. During the corrosion process, the stainless steel WBE exhibited the stochastic characteristics with the disappearance of some anodic sites. In addition, stainless steel suffered more serious localized corrosion with the increase of the droplet size. The increase of the cathodic area and the three-phase boundary (TPB) length was believed to be the reason.     

Copper corrosion mitigation by binary inhibitor compositions of potassium sorbate and benzotriazole

This work presents the combined effect of two inhibitors, potassium sorbate (2,4-hexadienoic acid potassium salt) and 1,2,3-benzotriazole, on the corrosion behavior of copper in sulfate based solutions. Individual and combined characteristics of copper corrosion inhibition in sulfate solution in the presence of potassium sorbate (K-sorbate) and benzotriazole (BTAH) were studied with the use of electrochemical, microscopic and spectroscopic methods. Whereas, BTAH alone protects copper from corrosion attack in sulfate solutions only in a limited potential range below 0.4 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE), the presence of K-sorbate combined with BTAH in such solutions enables the protection of the copper surface at potentials above 0.4 V_SCE. The mixture of both inhibitors provides supplementary and robust corrosion protection of Cu over a wide potential range.     

对涂油金属电极电化学不均匀性研究

采用丝束电极,对涂油金属的电化学不均匀性进行了研究。结果表明,丝束电极表面电化学状态是均匀的,涂油金属的腐蚀电位及油膜电阻的分布是不均匀的;油溶性缓蚀剂的加入,可以使涂油金属的腐蚀电位正移,可以减少或消除油膜低阻区。     

The heterogeneous electrochemical characteristics of mild steel in the presence of local glucose oxidase—A study by the wire beam electrode method

The influence of glucose oxidase (GOD) activity on the heterogeneous electrochemistry at artificial biofilm/mild steel interface was first characterized by the wire beam electrode (WBE) method. Potential/current distribution maps show that a cathodic zone can be formed at the GOD capsule site. The cathodic zone is gradually weakened due to the gluconic acid production in seawater. When GOD capsule is confined on rusted WBE surfaces, the formerly formed anodic zone is gradually changed into cathodic zone, in the presence of glucose. The novel device developed in our laboratory demonstrates powerful applications in heterogeneous electrochemistry measurements at the biofilm/mild steel interfaces.     

Novel corrosion experiments using the wire beam electrode: (II) Monitoring the effects of ions transportation on electrochemical corrosion processes

An electrochemically integrated multi-electrode system namely the wire beam electrode (WBE) has been applied for the first time to study the effects of the transportation of electrochemically active species on the process, rate and pattern of electrochemical corrosion. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the applicability of the WBE method for investigating ion transportation related corrosion processes. A series of experiments have been carried out using WBEs made from mild steel and stainless steel wires. The WBE working surfaces were exposed to simulated diffusion-controlled corrosion environments where there were diffusion induced ions concentration gradients (termed diffusion-corrosion environment). Corrosion potential and current distribution maps (CPCD maps) were measured from WBE surfaces in continuous bases. Typical patterns have been identified from CPCD maps and the characteristics of these patterns have been found to depend heavily upon the type of electrode material and the type of corrosive ion. For mild steel WBE surface exposed to a diffusion-corrosion environment containing NiSO₄ or FeCl₃, the characteristic pattern in CPCD maps was found to emulate NiSO₄ or FeCl₃ concentration gradients, suggesting an ion-concentration controlled corrosion behaviour. However, when the mild steel WBE surface was exposed to a diffusion-corrosion environment containing NaCl, the characteristic pattern was found to show higher cathodic currents along the WBE edges with the magnitude decreasing in a contour-like manner towards the centre of the WBE surface, suggesting an oxygen concentration-controlled corrosion behaviour. When a stainless steel (SS316L) WBE surface was exposed to a diffusion-corrosion environment containing NiSO₄ or NaCl, the corrosion pattern appeared to be mainly determined by the random distribution of weak sites in passive film. When the SS316L WBE was exposed to a diffusion-corrosion environment containing FeCl₃, the CPCD map revealed a characteristic pattern that shows localised damage to passive film. This work demonstrates that the recognition and analysis of characteristic maps from WBE measurements can be used as a means of studying diffusion, migration and other forms of mass transportation related electrochemical corrosion processes.