CR/BMA二元接枝共聚氯丁胶粘剂的研制

以甲基丙烯酸丁酯（BMA）为接枝单体，甲苯、乙酸乙酯为溶剂，过氧化苯甲（BPO）为引发剂，在氯丁橡胶（CR）上进行接枝共聚。制备出CR-g-BMA二元接枝共聚胶粘剂，探讨了反应温度、反应时间、原料配比和引发剂用量等对接枝率和产物性能的影响，并用TG和DSC对接枝共聚物进行了表征。结果表明，反应温度80℃、反应时间4h、引发剂用量为CR质量的0．9％～1．2％、CR与BMA的质量比为25：100时，单体转化率和接枝率较高，产物性能较好。     

聚乙烯三元固相接枝共聚物的合成工艺

采用固相接枝技术合成聚乙烯(PE)-马来酸酐(MAH)-甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)-丙烯酸丁酯(BA)三元固相接枝共聚物,并利用傅立叶变换红外光谱分析了接枝聚合物的结构.考察了单体配比、单体总质量、引发剂过氧化二苯甲酰(BPO)、界面活性剂二甲苯和反应温度对接枝反应的影响.结果表明,MAH, MMA和BA三种单体都参与了固相接枝反应.接枝率随MAH和MMA用量的增加而增加,随BA用量的增加变化不大.引发剂BPO用量为聚乙烯质量的2 %时,接枝率最高;过量的界面活性剂不利于提高接枝率,适量的界面活性剂为聚乙烯质量的30 %;当BPO用量为聚乙烯质量的2%时,接枝共聚物的凝胶含量较高.     

CR/MMA-BA-AA接枝胶粘剂的研制

本文主要选择MMA、BA、AA作为单体，探讨CR与它们接技聚合的因素，如引发剂和各单体的加入顺序，加入量以及反应温度，找出最佳的接技聚合工艺条件：聚丁橡胶先经塑炼，然后用混合溶剂在70～80℃下将其搅拌溶解，再分批加入弓没剂BPO．在80—90℃下加入溶有BPO的第一单体MMA20分钟再加入溶有BPO的第二单体，再过20分钟，在84～88℃之间加入第三单体搅拌45分钟，保温1．5—2／J‘时，则得CR／MMA－BA－AA三元接技聚合胶粘剂，剥离强度比CR／MMA－BA大，其值为6．6KN．mloCR/MMA-BA-AA接枝胶粘剂的研制@李艳莉$佛山大学化…     

无三苯CR/SBS/MMA/BA自交联鞋用胶粘剂的研制

采用复合引发剂 ,以N 羟甲基丙烯酰胺 (NAM )及丙烯酸 (AA)为功能单体 ,与CR、苯乙烯 丁二烯嵌段共聚物 (SBS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯 (BA)进行多元共混接枝共聚 ,再配以混合型增粘树脂 ,研制出不含苯、甲苯和二甲苯 (简称三苯 )自交联环保型鞋用胶粘剂。探讨了SBS用量、MMA/BA配比、功能单体NAM及AA用量对胶粘剂粘合性能的影响。结果表明 ,CR/SBS/MMA/BA/AA/NAM自交联型接枝胶粘剂对非极性鞋材的粘合性能明显优于CR/MMA/BA三元接枝胶和CR/SBS/MMA/BA四元接枝胶。     

水悬浮自搅拌体系中聚丙烯接枝双单体丙烯酸和苯乙烯

以水为分散介质,二甲苯、甲苯为界面剂,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,在水悬浮自搅拌体系中制备双单体丙烯酸(AA)和苯乙烯(St)接枝聚丙烯共聚物(PP-g-AA/St).重点研究了加料方式、界面剂、分散介质、引发剂、溶胀时间、反应时间、水相阻聚剂、单体组成对接枝反应的影响.得出较佳的工艺条件:反应物料一次加入,投料质量比为二甲苯/水/聚丙烯/单体/过氧化苯甲酰/二氯化锡=2.6/15/10/2/0.015/0.005%,室温溶胀4 h,102℃反应6 h,此条件下双单体接枝率达11.95%,接枝效率高达59.75%.AA与St在物质的量之比为0.846处进行接枝反应时无序共聚副反应严重,傅立叶红外光谱分析结果表明,AA和St接枝到PP大分子链上.     

接枝氯丁胶粘剂的合成

研究了氯丁橡胶 (CR)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)和丙烯酸 (AA)接枝胶。合成的反应温度、反应时间、引发剂的用量及第一单体MMA的用量对接枝共聚反应转化率和剥离强度的影响 ,确定了最佳的反应条件和配方组成     

溶液接枝聚合EPDM-g-MS的研究

采用溶液接枝聚合法制备EPDM接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)-苯乙烯(St)共聚物(EPDM-g-MS),研究反应条件对接枝聚合反应的影响.结果表明,反应温度为80 ℃、反应时间为20 h时,EPDM-g-MS的优化制备条件为:过氧化二苯甲酰与反应物(EPDM和MMA-St共单体)质量百分比 1%;反应物质量分数 0.2;甲苯和正庚烷混合溶剂中甲苯体积分数 0.75;EPDM/MMA-St共单体质量比 50/50;MMA与MMA-St共单体质量百分比 85%.在此条件下,接枝体系的单体转化率为80.1%,接枝率为55.1%,接枝效率为69.5%.     

聚丙烯水相悬浮接枝双单体苯乙烯和马来酸酐

以过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,采用水相悬浮法制备苯乙烯(St)、马来酸酐(MAH)双单体接枝聚丙烯共聚物(PP-g-St/MAH),结果表明,较优的接枝反应条件为BPO/St/MAH/水/PP投料质量比0.04/1.00/1.00/25.00/10.00,60℃溶胀2 h后90℃反应5 h.在此条件下,产物接枝率为8.97%,接枝效率为44.85%.     

接枝氯丁胶粘剂的合成

在氯丁橡胶（CR）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）接枝胶中，通过加入第二单体丙烯酸（AA），进一步提高CR／MMA接枝胶的粘接性能。研究了反应温度、反应时间、引发剂的用量及第一单体MMA的用量对接枝共聚反应的影响，确定了最佳的反应条件和配方组成。     

双单体AA/St熔融接枝OBC的研究

利用HAAKE转矩流变仪,采用熔融接枝法制备了双单体丙烯酸/苯乙烯接枝乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物(OBC-g-(AA-co-St)),探讨了丙烯酸(AA)、苯乙烯(St)和过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)的用量对接枝反应的影响,并通过红外光谱分析表征了该接枝产物的结构。结果表明:采用熔融接枝技术,成功地将AA接枝到OBC上,得到了OBC-g-AA接枝共聚物;当AA为4%、DCP为0.2%、反应温度为170℃、反应时间为12 min时,OBC-g-AA的相对接枝率达到峰值;另外,第二单体St的引入使接枝率有所提高,当St与AA质量比为1:2时,其相对接枝率达到1.68。     

Polymorphism of LiGa5O8 and of LiGa5O8-MgGa2O4Solid Solutions

High-temperature X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analyses showed that LiGa₅O₈ exists in two polymorphs related by the first-order transition at 1138°±3°C of the low-temperature simple-cubic form, space group (probably) O⁷, to the high-temperature spinel (fcc) form, space group O _h ⁷. The transition is rapid, and the high-temperature form in pure LiGa₅O₈ could not be quenched to room temperature under the conditions used. However, the high-temperature polymorph can be quenched under equilibrium conditions when 40 mol% or more MgGa₂O₄ is present. The subsolidus equilibrium relations in the system MgGa₂O₄-LiGa₅O₈ are discussed.     

The structures of VOx/MOx and alkali-VOx/MOx catalysts and their catalytic performances for soot combustion

Vanadium oxides supported on γ-Al₂O₃, SiO₂, TiO₂, and ZrO₂ were studied on their molecular structures and reactive performances for soot combustion. To investigate the effect of different alkali metals on the structures and reactivities of supported-vanadium oxide catalysts, they were doped into the V₄/TiO₂ catalyst which had the best intrinsic activity for soot combustion in the selected supported vanadium oxide catalysts. The experimental results demonstrated that the catalytic properties of these catalysts depended on the vanadium loading amount, support nature, and the presence or the absence of alkali metals. The spectroscopic analysis (FT-IR and UV–vis) and H₂-TPR results revealed that the higher activity of alkali-promoted vanadium oxide catalysts could be related to the ability of alkali metal promoting the redox cycle of the active vanadyl species. TG results showed that adding alkali to V_m/TiO₂ catalyst was beneficial to lowering their melting points. Low melting points could ensure the good surface atom migration ability, which would improve the contact between the catalyst and soot. Due to the alkali metal components promoting the redox ability and the mobility of the catalysts, alkali-modified vanadium oxide catalysts could remarkably improve their catalytic activities for soot combustion. The catalytic activity order for soot combustion followed Li > Na > K > Rb > Cs in the catalyst system of alkali-V₄/TiO₂, and the reason why it followed this sequence was discussed.     

Activation and characterization of Fe---Mn---SO4/ZrO2 catalysts

Changes in Fe---Mn---SO₄²⁻/ZrO₂ catalyst formulations during activation have been observed. In air or an inert gas, the added salt, such as iron and/or manganese nitrate, decomposes over a temperature range of about 200–400°C to produce nitric oxide, oxygen and iron and/or manganese oxide. The crystallization of zirconia occurs at 450°C; when the sample contains sulfate the exothermic event occurs at a temperature that is about 200°C higher. Heating in the presence of hydrogen causes the evolution of nitric oxide to occur over a narrow temperature range and at a lower temperature than when the sample is heated in helium or air. It appears that the nitrate ions associated with Fe, Mn and Zr decompose to produce nitric oxide, and presumably water, at different temperatures when the sample is heated in the presence of hydrogen. Heating samples of sulfated zirconia containing iron and/or manganese in hydrogen causes sulfur evolution at a lower temperature, and a significant fraction of it in the form of H₂S.     

Magnetoresistance of CuxCo1-xFe2O4 Ferrites

Magnetoresistance measurements (Δ/R) were carried out on Cu _x Co_{1- x} Fe₂O₄ samples with x =1, 0.75, 0.50, 0.25 and cobalt ferrite in the range of magnetic intensity (H) from 1.0 to 4.5 kG. Linear plots were obtained between log (Δ/R) and log H for all compositions except that of cobalt ferrite. The values of n at x =0.5 do not agree with the results of some authors. The discrepancy may be attributed to the value of magnetic field intensity at which such measurements were carried out. The similarity of features of n and μ_D with composition leads us to believe that the magnetoresistance may arise from the scattering of conduction electrons by localized electrons involving the s-d exchange interaction.     

Compact Swelling in Bi1.4Pb0.6Sr2Ca2Cu3.6Oy During the Formation of High-Tc Superconducting Phase

Compact swelling in Pb-doped Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor has been studied by observing the effects of the size of calcined powders, volatilization of materials, and sintering of high- T _c (2223) powders. The bulk density increases at the early stage of sintering, for about 20 h, and then decreases. Densification occurs when the low- T _c (2212) phase and a liquid phase exist, whereas dedensification occurs with the formation of the 2223 phase regardless of the presence of the liquid. Gas evolution from specimens does not appear to be responsible for compact swelling. Compact swelling is explained by anisotropic growth of thin, platelike 2223 grains in random orientation. When 2223 grains grow in a preferred direction, compact swelling is suppressed.     

Sintering of Si3N4-Y2O3-Al2O3

Sintering kinetics of the system Si₃N4-Y2O₃-Al₂O3 were determined from measurements of the linear shrinkage of pressed disks sintered isothermally at 1500° to 1700°C. Amorphous and crystalline Si₃N₄ were studied with additions of 4 to 17 wt% Y₂O₃ and 4 wt% A1₂O₃. Sintering occurs by a liquid-phase mechanism in which the kinetics exhibit the three stages predicted by Kingery's model. However, the rates during the second stage of the process are higher for all compositions than predicted by the model. X-ray data show the presence of several transient phases which, with sufficient heating, disappear leaving mixtures of β ' -Si₃N₄ and glass or β '-Si₃N₄, α '-Si₃N₄, and glass. The compositions and amounts of the residual glassy phases are estimated.     

Oxidation of Ba2YCu3Ox at High Po2

Dense large-grain ceramic samples of Ba₂YCu₂O_x have been oxidized at 400° to 500°C in 10 to 30 MPa of oxygen for 1 to 10 d. The high-pressure treatment has increased the equilibrium content x slightly above 7 but there is no concomitant increase in T_c. At x = 7.03 the superconducting transition, measured by ac susceptibility, has an onset temperature of ∼91 K and ΔT∼4 K and no change in lattice parameter is observed. High oxygen pressure increases the rate of oxidation.     

Effect of Extrusion on the Critical Current Density of Bi1.4Pb0.6Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox Superconducting Wires

The effect of extrusion on improving the critical current density ( J _c) of Bi_1.4Pb_0.6Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O _x superconducting wires is investigated. Calcined powders (Bi_1.4Pb_0.6Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O _x ) are first mixed with a forming aid—a thermoplastic polymer (polyethylene)—for workability, and then extruded, using a capillary rheometer, to form wires 2 mm in diameter. The J _c value, measured by the four-probe method in liquid nitrogen at 77 K, is improved substantially by the following process: (1) the superconducting precursors are extruded at high viscosity with a forming aid, to align the platelike particles unidirectionally; (2) the forming aid alone is carefully burned out, without destroying the extruded configuration; and (3) the extruded wires are annealed at 850°C in air for more than 96 h.