高功率微波发射关键技术及其技术途径探讨

高功率微波发射技术是高功率微波武器的关键技术，所采用的技术途径和研究方向是否正确，是高功率微波武器研制工作成败的关键。本文建议对小型微波武器来说，用高级炸药压缩磁通产生高功率脉冲，用磁绝缘线振荡器或虚阴极振荡器产生高功率微波，用磁绝缘线传输高功率微波，用组合天线辐射高功率微波，可能是一种比较快捷的途径。     

一种新颖的高功率小型化等效天线

报导了等效天线的设计原理，提出了用金红石陶瓷和SW-26型高功率吸收材料组成吸收体吸收微波功率的设计方案。利用金红石陶瓷相对介电常数εr=100的特性，有效减小等效天线的几何尺寸；应用SW-26型高功率吸收材料，使等效天线沿传输方向相等长度吸收的微波功率相等。在米波波段实现了小型化，获得了高性能。     

一种S波段高功率微波馈源系统的设计

在高功率微波辐射技术中,馈源系统是天线系统的最终功率容量限定因素,因此高功率馈源系统的设计成为关键。本文设计了一种S波段高功率微波天线的馈源系统,该系统由双模圆锥喇叭和矩-圆模式转换器两部分组成。理论设计与电磁仿真和实际测试的结果基本吻合,E面和H面方向图在照射区域内等化良好(误差电平≤1dB),功率容量达到150MW,且该馈源系统已成功应用于7.3m卡塞格仑高功率微波天线。     

相控阵雷达在高功率微波弹攻击下的生存能力分析

高功率微波弹作为一种针对电子设备的新型武器,对雷达等电子设备的生存能力带来了新的威胁.分析了高功率微波弹毁伤相控阵雷达的机理,对2种不同天线形式的相控阵雷达在遭受高功率微波弹攻击时的生存能力进行了仿真分析.     

高功率微波武器及其天线

从高功率微波武器的原理，关键设备及技术难点、发展状况介绍了HPM武器．并介绍了俄罗斯和美国研制的HPM设备，特别是美国在高功率武器系统中使用的天线．     

高功率微波照射下阿基米德螺旋天线响应特性

天线在高功率微波辐照下的响应特性分析是研究后端接收电路干扰特性及毁伤效应的依据。以典型的平面阿基米德螺旋天线为研究对象,利用理论分析和时域有限积分方法相结合,研究了该天线在高功率微波场作用下的时域和频域响应特性,并开展了相关的试验验证。结果表明,通过Friis 传输理论预估的发射功率和实际发射功率的误差在1 dB 量级,仿真得到的响应信号和测试得到的响应信号在时域波形和频谱特性上均吻合较好,仿真方法正确有效,为高功率微波照射下天线响应特性的研究提供了技术支撑。     

5G天线对典型强电磁脉冲响应的对比分析

针对强电磁脉冲环境对5G通信系统的威胁,以5G天线为例,研究了典型电磁脉冲经天线口面耦合进入天线端口的电磁脉冲能量大小。利用电磁仿真软件分析了微带天线单元在高空核爆电磁脉冲、高功率微波以及超宽带电磁脉冲环境下天线馈电端口处感应的瞬态电压的时域和频域特性。仿真结果表明:高功率微波和超宽带电磁脉冲在天线单元馈电端口的感应电压较大,极易干扰甚至毁伤5G通信系统的射频后端。     

微波定向能系统的聚焦辐射特性研究

依据口径天线的绕射理论，讨论了发射天线实现自由空间最大传输效率所必须的口径振幅和相位条件，证明了天线菲涅尔的聚焦特性是形成 高功率微波定向能的基础，并对聚焦特性进行了详细计算。     

高功率近场卡塞格伦天线的设计

系统地给出了高功率近场卡塞格伦天线的设计.刺用内壁光滑的指数型多模喇叭满足高功率微波天线对馈源高功率容量和良好辐射特性的要求,并将介质透镜加栽于喇叭馈源口面,以保证对天线副面进行平面波照射.通过优化设计,得到X频段高功率近场卡塞格伦天线的结构尺寸,使其理论功率容量大于600 mW.实测结果与仿真结果吻合良好,证明该设计方案的可行性.     

X波段高功率微波宽角相扫阵列天线

根据工程需要，提出了一种X波段高功率微波宽角相扫阵列天线。基于模式转换和阻抗匹配原理，提出了一种适配角锥喇叭天线和SMA连接器的高功率同轴波导变换器，设计了过渡腔体结构调节功率容量，加载金属匹配块实现阻抗匹配，并与阶梯脊波导一体加工，极大地降低结构复杂性。在8.2～8.8 GHz内单元电压驻波比(VSWR)<1.25,功率容量为41.83 kW,与普通喇叭单元相比功率容量得到大幅提升。7×7阵列可实现±30°圆锥扫描，具有较宽扫描特性。该天线易于加工，可实现灵活波束扫描，具有一定高功率微波应用价值。     

Comparison of power deposition patterns produced by microwave andradio frequency cardiac ablation catheters

Transcatheter microwave and radio frequency (RF) electrodes are used for the ablative treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. The authors compare the power deposition patterns of microwave antennas and RF electrodes in saline phantoms of biological material. The decrease in power deposition as a function of distance away from the electrode is nearly exponential for RF and is considerably steeper than microwave antennas. These results suggest that microwave antennas are capable of heating a larger volume and thus creating a greater lesion than RF     

车载多天线系统的电磁兼容问题分析

本文采用矩量法和微波网络理论相结合的方法分析了车载多天线系统的电磁兼容问题，该方法先将天线系统等效为微波网络，然后采用矩量法求解该等效网络的导纳矩阵Y，利用该导纳矩阵可求得天线间的耦合度，文中也对发射功率较大的天线的近场分布进行了分析。     

Measurement of high pulsed microwave power in free space

Resistive power heads connected to horn antennas are used to measure high pulsed microwave power density in free space. With such a unit, pulsed power densities up to 3 MW/m² have been measured in the S- and X-bands     

Quasioptical Transmission Lines for ECRH at TJ-II Stellarator

Two mirror lines have been used to transmit the microwave power from the powerful microwave generators to the TJ-II plasmas. Both lines have been tested at nominal power level and they are in operation now. This paper deals with the final design of the transmission lines and their testing. Before starting operation at high power level, measurements of the wave beam parameters at low power level were performed. Two horn antennas were designed to simulate the gyrotron output. The results are presented in this paper. A computer code based on Huygens diffraction theory was developed to simulate the propagation of the beam along the mirror lines. A comparison of the theoretical and the experimental results is also shown here.     

System and Circuit Models for Microwave Antennas

This paper describes how circuit and system models are derived for antennas from measurement of the input reflection coefficient. Circuit models are used to optimize the antenna performance and to calculate the radiated power and the transfer function of the antenna. System models are then derived for transmitting and receiving antennas. The most important contribution of this study is to show how microwave structures can be integrated into the simulation of digital communication systems. This enables system designers to predict the effect of the microwave subsystem on the digital signals and calculate the resulting bit error rate     

Heating patterns generated by phase modulation of a hexagonal arrayof interstitial antennas

In this paper, we investigate an array of six interstitial microwave antennas used for hyperthermia cancer treatment. The purpose is to generate both uniform and controlled nonuniform heating patterns in biological tissue by phase modulating the signals applied to each antenna. The array consists of six antennas positioned on the corners of a hexagon. The distance between two diagonal antennas is 4 cm. The distributions of absorbed power per unit mass within the array are computed, and then converted into temperature distributions through a thermal conduction simulation. The SAR and temperature patterns are presented in both the lateral plane (perpendicular to the antennas) and the axial plane (parallel with the antennas). By proper phase modulation of microwave signals applied to each antenna, a uniform heating pattern can be produced within the entire array volume. Also, a peripheral heating pattern may be generated around the array; again, by using the proper phase modulation. The modulation schemes for generating both types of heating patterns are discussed.     

基于选频技术的高效高均匀性微波加热

近年来,微波加热以其高效性和内部加热等优点在各领域得到广泛应用。然而,微波加热的不均匀性限制了其大规模工业应用的发展。高均匀性和高效率是微波加热领域研究的重点。效率低会造成能源的浪费,而不均匀加热会导致加热品质差、甚至热失控等现象。本文提出一种双端口选频加热方法,通过在腔体中内置两个正交极化天线方式进行馈电。并且利用扫频来分析各频点的加热效率以及不同频率对加热效果的影响。最后选择性地对其中高效率的频点进行选频加热,使其在维持加热高效率的前提下提高加热的均匀性。     

High-power constant-index lens antennas

The results of a study to develop a high temperature dielectric lens antenna for use in the microwave frequency range are presented. The design and fabrication of spherical and hemispherical constant-index lenses are described. Radiation patterns, gain, polarization, and VSWR characteristics of spherical and hemispherical constant-index dielectric lens antennas over the frequency range from 2 to 11 GHz are presented. The results from high-power testing of both spherical and hemispherical constant-index lenses at a 2 kW average power level indicate that this power level causes no degradation in the performance of the lenses.     

Coaxial antenna array for 915 MHz interstitial hyperthermia: designand modelization-power deposition and heating pattern-phased array

Coaxial antennas different in their active length have been designed for use in a complete 915-MHz hyperthermia system with temperature control by microwave radiometry. Heating patterns are reconstructed from the power deposition associated with the bioheat transfer equation. Temperature control is effected by means of microwave radiometry and used in order to determine bioheat parameters. Phased arrays are studied allowing heated volume expansion