生产批量计划问题的干扰管理研究

以成组单元生产批量计划问题为原型,研究了在生产计划执行过程中受到机器故障干扰的调整方案.运用干扰管理方法,在扰动判定和度量的基础上,建立了考虑计划偏离度和总成本最小化的成组单元生产批量计划干扰管理模型,并设计了求解该模型的知识进化算法.当干扰发生时,系统能快速响应因机器故障造成的生产能力不足问题,重新调整生产计划.通过仿真实验,与全局重调度方案结果进行对比,验证了本干扰事件处理方法的可行性和有效性.     

"和谐生产方式"简介

和谐生产方式,是借助信息化网络联结平台,将分布式生产能力联结为按工序分工的供应网络,从而实现用标准化能力单元履行个性化订单,解决大规模工业化生产与日益增强的个性化、不确定需求的矛盾,达到产销和谐、供需和谐的信息化时代的生产方式。     

工业雷管自动装填线分布式控制系统

介绍了一种工业雷管自动装填线分布式控制系统,该系统采用RS485总线将上位计算机与各个工艺控制模块连接起来.上位计算机采用以MCGS软件包开发的监控软件,实现对各装填工艺单元集中监控、信息处理、雷管类型选择等操作,各个工艺控制模块均采用可编程控制器进行控制.     

一种流程型企业主生产计划优化方法研究

为了解决传统的流程型生产管理方法不适应现代市场需求的问题,提出了一种基于生产柔性提高的主生产计划优化方法.建立了流程型企业的产品需求与生产能力平衡的最优化模型,讨论了模型的求解方法--混合启发式算法.经研究表明,该方法在流程型生产管理理论和实践方面具有一定的参考意义.     

基于DMPSO的单元集成设计方法

为避免单元设计中出现独立分步求解造成的解空间丢失,建立一个多目标生产单元集成布局优化模型,对单元构建与单元布局同时进行描述求解.模型考虑了设施的摆放方向,设施与单元之间的安全距离和设施空间尺寸.针对该多目标复杂问题,设计了基于结构化编码的动态多种群粒子群优化算法,避免粒子较快收敛陷入局部极值,提高了解的质量.同时采用个体密度值的外部档案维护策略,保持了解的多样性与均匀性.最后通过求解单元设计问题实例,验证模型和算法的有效性和可行性.     

基于3D打印技术的制造企业分布式生产网络优化

针对3D打印对传统制造的影响以及如何驱动分布式制造问题,构建了基于3D打印技术的制造企业分布式生产网络优化模型。该模型中考虑了3D打印产品的生产与运输、路途损耗、废弃物、延期供货和3D打印工厂的运营等成本,以满足成本最小化优化为目标,并设计基于多约束的粒子群优化算法求解该模型。数值计算与仿真结果表明,总成本随着生产率的提高逐渐减低,并随着运输时间的增加先呈现指数型增长后呈现直线型增加,而单位商品的生产和运输成本比月生产能力对总成本的影响更大、月生产能力比生产率对总成本的影响更大。由此验证了所建模型的有效性。     

黄麻涌泵站计算机监控系统

本文介绍了广东省顺德市黄麻涌泵站计算机监控系统的设计,要求实现对2台额定电压为10KV的机组生产全过程进行集中监控。该系统采用开放、分层分布式设计。整个系统从结构上分为两级：主控级和现地控制单元级（LCU单元）。     

区间数多产品多计划期生产计划问题的目标规划求解方法

针对多目标、多产品、多计划期和需求、生产费用、生产能力等参数不确定的综合生产计划问题进行了研究。引入区间数描述生产计划问题中存在的不确定性,建立了以生产成本最小和设备利用率最大为优化目标的目标规划模型。为求解模型,运用区间规划理论和基于区间序关系的可能度定义,实现了区间目标规划模型的清晰等价转换,并采用Lingo软件完成模型求解。该方法解决了传统不确定优化方法在获取概率分布和模糊隶属度函数较为困难的不足,能根据决策者的偏好以交互方式分析出不同置信水平对目标的影响,为决策者在不确定环境下进行生产计划决策提供理论依据。最后,通过算例说明方法的有效性和灵活性。     

基于均衡生产的启发式调度方法探讨

均衡生产是合理组织生产过程的基本要求,均衡生产目标的实现要靠合理的生产调度来保证.本文对平行加工时实现均衡生产的启发式调度方法进行了分析,并结合不同的优化目标进行了求解和比较.     

白车身生产线规划中设备数量决策问题的Markov模型

提出一个Markov模型,用于解决白车身生产线规划中设备实际需求数量的决策问题.用Markov模型求解设备的故障率,进一步在设备理论生产能力的基础上,考虑设备故障率对生产能力的影响,得出实际生产能力,确定设备实际需求数量,并通过一个算例详细说明了应用过程,重在提出一种方法.     

凝固科学技术与材料

从凝固科学与实践发展的角度介绍了当前凝固材料体系的基本框架和凝固科学主要发展阶段的基本理论。作为材料科学与工程的基本组成，凝固科学技术正在现代科学理论的基础上针对传统材料的改性提高和新材料的发展需求，以控形、控构、控性为目标开展优质铸件的定向、晶体生长、快凝、深过冷及各种新型和超常领域凝固过程的研究，并介绍了其中某些方面和展望了可能的发展趋势。     

Development and challenges of planning and scheduling for petroleum and petrochemical production

Production planning and scheduling are becoming the core of production management, which support the decision of a petrochemical company. The optimization of production planning and scheduling is attempted by every refinery because it gains additional profit and stabilizes the daily production. The optimization problem considered in industry and academic research is of different levels of realism and complexity, thus increasing the gap. Operation research with mathematical programming is a conventional approach used to address the planning and scheduling problem. Additionally, modeling the processes, objectives, and constraints and developing the optimization algorithms are significant for industry and research. This paper introduces the perspective of production planning and scheduling from the development viewpoint.     

江澳两地高校文创设计的协同研究与商业实践

目的 探索江门世遗文化的传承、发展和转化的新思路,践行国家在《粤港澳大湾区发展规划》纲要中要求江门承担与港澳地区文化创意合作与开发任务的分工。方法 与澳门高校紧密合作,开展专业培训课程,以开平碉楼为例,从人文视角开展设计研究,梳理开平碉楼的文化脉络,把世遗文化的元素和其背后的文化融入文创产品中,提升文创产品的附加值,推动当地文创产业结构的变革。结果 两地高校构建了稳定的科研团队,开设长期有效的设计培训课程,与景区建立了研究协作关系,帮助景区构建了一套产销研的商业模式。结论 以跨区域高校合作为平台,以文创产品为抓手,依托江澳两地的资源优势,可以构建江门世遗文化全新的品牌形象,最终推动开平世遗文化的活化。     

The Candela and Photometric and Radiometric Measurements

The national measurement system for photometric and radiometric quantities is presently based upon techniques that make these quantities traceable to a high-accuracy cryogenic radiometer. The redefinition of the candela in 1979 provided the opportunity for national measurement laboratories to base their photometric measurements on optical detector technology rather than on the emission from high-temperature blackbody optical sources. The ensuing technical developments of the past 20 years, including the significant improvements in cryogenic radiometer performance, have provided the opportunity to place the fundamental maintenance of photometric quantities upon absolute detector based technology as was allowed by the 1979 redefinition. Additionally, the development of improved photodetectors has had a significant impact on the methodology in most of the radiometric measurement areas. This paper will review the status of the NIST implementation of the technical changes mandated by the 1979 redefinition of the candela and its effect upon the maintenance and dissemination of optical radiation measurements.     

Creation and motion of dislocations and fracture in metal and silicon crystals

By making a step on one surface ( ) of a rectangular small paralellepiped copper crystal, dislocations could be created by the molecular dynamic method. The dislocation created was not a complete edge dislocation but a pair of Heidenreich-Shockley partial dislocations. Each time a dislocation was created, the stress on the surface was released. Small copper crystals having a notch were pulled (until fracture), compressed and buckled by use of the molecular dynamic method. An embedded atom potential was used to represent the interaction between atoms. Dislocations were created near the tip of the notch. A very sharp yield stress was observed. The results of high speed deformations of pure silicon small crystals using the molecular dynamics are presented. The results suggest that plastic deformation may be possible for the silicon with a high speed deformation even at room temperature. Another small size single crystal, the same size and the same surfaces, was compressed using molecular dynamic method. The surfaces are {110}, {112} and {111}. The compressed direction was [111]. It was found that silicon crystals are possible to be compressed with a high speed deformation. This may suggest that silicon may be plastically deformed with high speed deformation.     

Error and uncertainty in modeling and simulation

This article develops a general framework for identifying error and uncertainty in computational simulations that deal with the numerical solution of a set of partial differential equations (PDEs). A comprehensive, new view of the general phases of modeling and simulation is proposed, consisting of the following phases: conceptual modeling of the physical system, mathematical modeling of the conceptual model, discretization and algorithm selection for the mathematical model, computer programming of the discrete model, numerical solution of the computer program model, and representation of the numerical solution. Our view incorporates the modeling and simulation phases that are recognized in the systems engineering and operations research communities, but it adds phases that are specific to the numerical solution of PDEs. In each of these phases, general sources of uncertainty, both aleatory and epistemic, and error are identified. Our general framework is applicable to any numerical discretization procedure for solving ODEs or PDEs. To demonstrate this framework, we describe a system-level example: the flight of an unguided, rocket-boosted, aircraft-launched missile. This example is discussed in detail at each of the six phases of modeling and simulation. Two alternative models of the flight dynamics are considered, along with aleatory uncertainty of the initial mass of the missile and epistemic uncertainty in the thrust of the rocket motor. We also investigate the interaction of modeling uncertainties and numerical integration error in the solution of the ordinary differential equations for the flight dynamics.     

PSD和PWELCH函数的分析改进及应用

针对MATLAB中两个内建功率谱密度计算函数psd()和pwelch()计算结果迥异的现象,在功率谱密度估计理论的基础上,根据经典的周期图理论和Welch平均周期图方法,通过详细分析源程序,解析计算方法,发现psd()计算的并不是工程单边功率谱密度,而是采样信号双边谱,故与pwelch()结果迥异,另外pwelch()不能对分段信号数据进行预处理。就上述不足提出了相应的改进措施,比较验证表明改进措施行之有效。     

Density and viscosity of tetralin and trans-decalin

New measurements are reported for the density and viscosity of tetralin and trans-decalin. The density was determined from room temperature to 60°C for tetralin and to 95°C for trans-decalin. The kinematic viscosity was measured up to temperatures slightly above 100°C. Our results improve upon the values recommended by the American Petroleum Institute for these liquids.