影响槽电压的因素及降低措施

探讨了影响槽电压的因素及如何避免槽电压快速升高的措施，同时指出槽电压的高低直接影响着能耗，而工艺参数的稳定直接影响着槽电压。     

FA—Ⅱ型氯酸盐电解槽分布电压的探讨

本文介绍了氯酸盐电解槽槽电压分布情况,分布规律及影响因素,槽电压各部分的测定与计算。阐述了降低槽电压的途径。     

离子膜电解槽中槽电压的影响

在离子膜法烧碱电解装置中,槽电压是一个重要的性能指标。控制槽电压的措施主要有三个方面:电解槽、电解液和离子膜。本文讨论了这些因素对槽电压的影响。表1总结了影响槽电压的诸多因素。     

BM2.7伍迪电解槽膜极距改造

介绍了BM2. 7电解槽结构特点。膜极距改造后,单元槽电压可下降250 m V以上;而阳极网背面重涂质量与槽电压降低幅度有很大关系,有的只下降50 m V。给出膜极距改造方案。改造后A槽单元槽电压下降267 m V,B槽单元槽电压下降244 m V,节电明显,社会经济效益显著。     

改进盐水工艺 稳定电槽电压

结合离子膜槽电压急剧上升的具体情况，分析影响槽电压上升的主要原因。指出盐水质量是保证电槽正常工作的重要因素，介绍了改进盐水工艺，稳定电槽电压的措施。     

氯碱电解槽槽电压构成现状与进展

依据槽电压构成的诸多因素,介绍了目前槽电压构成的现状和进展。     

停车对电解生产的影响

本文就齐鲁石化公司引进的20万吨/年烧碱装置的首次送电试生产实践,探求反复开停车对电解生产造成的有害影响。一、槽电压上升MDC—55电解槽投运30小时后的槽电压进入稳定运行阶段。由于反复的开停车过程而使槽电压升高,第一次送电36小时后,电槽的槽电压与参考槽电压之差的     

停车对金属阳极槽电压的影响

在实际操作中,影响槽电压的因素很多,如盐水浓度、槽温、电槽液位,隔膜制作质量等。随着槽龄的增加,槽电压总的趋势应该是上升的,因为金属阳极活性涂层的活性要降低,隔膜也会发生老化,表现为槽电压的升高。但我厂在停车检修后却发现槽电压比停车前普遍降低,平均下降0.28V(运行电流比停车前高1120A),给我们带来了新的思考。我们知道,电解槽电压是由理论分解电     

离子膜电解槽电极重涂的经济性分析

介绍BiTAC电解槽的运行情况，分析槽电压上升的原因是：膜效率下降，引起阳极腐蚀，导致槽电压上升。通过重涂阳极，更换新膜，降低了槽电压；计算电极重涂的投资可在1．5年内收回。     

电絮凝过程电流密度与槽电压关系研究

测定了不同材料电极的i-V关系曲线,研究了电解过程中溶液电导率、电极板间距以及电电极联结方式对i-V关系的影响。实验表明，在槽电压V相同时，铁电极的电流密度大于石墨电极，远大于铝电极。在相同电流密度i下，高浓度电导率对应的槽电压较低，而且随着i的增加，不同溶液电导率下的槽电压差别增大。在槽电压V相同时，随着电极板间距的增加，电流密度逐渐减小。不同电极板间距下铁电极的i-V曲线均呈现良好的线性关系。铁电极的电压梯度与电极板间距之间存在很在的线性关系。对应于相同的电流密度，单极式联结的槽电压远小于复式联结的槽电压。     

Variation of Cell Voltage with Reaction Time in Electrochemical Synthesis Process of Sodium Dichromate

To address the problems existing in the traditional production technique of sodium dichromate, a new green technology of producing sodium dichromate with an electrochemical synthesis method was studied. Using a self‐made electrosynthesis reactor of pure titanium and stainless steel, with a multiple‐unit metal oxides combination anode, a cathode of stainless steel, and a reinforcing combination cation exchange membrane with perfluorosulfonic and perfluorocarboxylic polymers, experiments were carried out on the direct electrochemical synthesis of sodium dichromate from sodium chromate. From the experimental results and electrochemical reaction principles, it was shown that the electrochemical synthesis reaction process of sodium dichromate may be quantitatively determined from the variation of the cell voltage measured macroscopically with reaction time. Cell voltages were experimentally measured at different initial sodium chromate concentrations in the anolyte, and the dependence of the cell voltage on reaction time was discussed. The mathematical model of the variation of cell voltage with reaction time and the change rate equation of cell voltage were established, and satisfactorily formulated the change law of cell voltage in the electrochemical synthesis process of sodium dichromate.     

30DD350型电解槽电压的影响因素

分析了离子膜烧碱生产过程中30DD350型电解槽电压的主要影响因素:膜电压降、降和溶液电压降。指出降低槽电压的方法:严格控制各项工艺指标,减少设备损坏,保证电解槽正常运转。     

离子膜电解槽电压升高原因剖析

结合出现电压升高故障的离子膜电解槽实例。对影响离子膜电解槽槽电压升高的因素进行了分析并提出了预防措施。     

Secondary current distribution in a two-dimensional model cell composed of an electrode with an open part

On the assumption that the relation between the overpotential and the current density is expressed by linear and Butler-Volmer equations, secondary current distributions were obtained in a two-dimensional model cell in which a working electrode with an open part serving to release gas bubbles to the back side of the electrode is located parallel to a counter electrode or a separator. Cell resistances or cell voltage in the model cell were evaluated for various combinations of geometrical parameters and heterogeneous kinetic parameters by means of the finite element method. As a result, when the kinetic equation was the linear approximation, the cell resistance or cell voltage varied mainly with two geometrical parameters (the interelectrode distance and the electrode surface ratio) and the kinetic parameters. On the other hand, when the kinetic equation was of the Butler-Volmer type the cell voltage varied with the kinetic parameters and the percentage of open area instead of the electrode surface ratio. In order to facilitate estimation of cell voltage for an industrial productiontype cell composed of electrodes with voids or holes, the computed cell voltages were expressed as functions of these parameters in simple approximate equations. A criterion for estimating whether the cell voltage is controlled by the overpotential or the ohmic drop is presented.     

锂离子电池并联研究

研究了锂离子电池单体的容量、放电平台、初始电压、自放电率等参数对并联电池性能的影响。结果表明,单体锂离子电池的自放电率对电池组影响较大;并联前单体电池的电压差也要控制;而单体电池的容量差异对电池组影响不大。     

串/并联微生物燃料电池的性能

以5个双室直接微生物燃料电池构建串、并联电池组,考察了电池不同运行阶段及不同底物和电子受体对电池组性能的影响. 结果表明,串、并联微生物燃料电池组可以提高工作电压、电流. 以氧气和铁氰化钾作为电子受体时,串联电池组的输出电压(输出功率密度)分别可达1.186 V (18.83 mW/m2)和1.417 V (51.51 mW/m2),并联电池组输出电流(输出功率密度)可达3 mA (22.66 mW/m2)和6.86 mA (65.22 mW/m2). 串联电池组中电池间的差异是出现电池反极的主要原因,内阻较大的电池易在工作电流较大时出现反极现象. 适宜的混联方式可以降低由内阻差异引起的能量损失,外电阻为30 W时,混联电池组输出功率密度(30.3 mW/m2)是串联电池组(6.58 mW/m2)的4倍.     

电极重涂方案选择及节能效果对比

电解单元槽运行电压突然升高,且阳极液出口管壁沉积红色物质.通过重涂电极,使单元槽电压降低280 mV,节约了电费,且节省了加酸费用.     

高压脉冲电场技术在污泥资源化利用的试验

采用高压脉冲电场技术(PEF)处理城镇污泥,分析电场强度、频率、波形、占空比对污泥破壁效果的影响,并优化不同控制条件下的试验效果。结果表明:4种控制参数对污泥破壁效果均有很大的影响;其中,占空比越低,污泥破壁效果越佳;在120 min处理时间内,电场强度为12 kV/cm、频率为50 Hz、占空比为10%、波形为方波时,SCOD增幅为398.8%。这是首次在研究中使用该技术进行污泥处理将SCOD的含量提高近4倍。说明,PEF技术参数的优化有着显著提高污泥资源化利用的潜力。     

电解法回收废盐酸实验研究

采用滤压式隔膜电解槽对低质量分数废盐酸进行电解回收利用实验研究,实验分别讨论了电流密度、电解液流量、温度和HCl、NaCl混合电解液质量分数对槽电压和电流效率的影响,通过实验得出,电流效率影响最显著的因素是电解液流量,槽电压的最主要影响因素是电流密度。最佳工艺水平为:流量12 mL/min,电流密度0.2 A/cm2,电解温度50℃,电解液为质量分数7%HCl与NaCl混合液。验证实验得出电流效率为95.11%,槽电压为4.1 V。