丙烯腈装置反应热、工艺水及其热能优化综合利用

通过吉化集团公司21万t/a丙烯腈装置扩建至33万t/a项目叙述了丙烯腈装置反应热综合利用,工艺水来源,工艺水优化综合利用,工艺水热能利用,工艺水平衡等工程优化设计。     

科技开发

中石化石科院和巴陵石化公司共同编制完成了7万t/a环己酮氨肟化装置工艺包。该工艺包是在巴陵石化600t/a中试装置开车成功后、在5万t/a环己酮氨肟化装置工艺包的基础上完     

简讯

动态喷洒工艺烧碱造粒装置在天业试车成功2008年9月22日,天业120万t/a联合化工一期40万t/a聚氯乙烯项目配套年产30万t/a粒碱一期15万t/a工程试车成功。     

产品结构调整在“上海赛科乙烯扩能改造项目”中的意义

1前言 2005年3月,上海赛科石化90万t/a乙烯工程建成投产.该工程包括90万t/a乙烯装置(含裂解汽油加氢装置和16万t/a烯烃转换装置)、60万t/a聚乙烯装置、50万t/a苯乙烯装置、30万t/a聚苯乙烯装置、25万t/a聚丙烯装置、26万t/a丙烯晴装置、9万t/a丁二烯抽提装置,50万t/a芳烃抽提装置共8套工艺装置,同时配有循环水场、变电站、锅炉、空压站及罐区等公用工程设施.     

乙炔清净工艺的改进

通过对乙炔清净工艺的分析和计算,对废次氯酸钠溶液回用工艺进行了改进,在4万t/a氯乙烯生产装置实施后,节约资金约20万元/a。     

延长石油C_4～C_6轻烃多产丙烯技术方案研究

延长石油(集团)有限责任公司炼化公司具有C4~C6轻烃56万t/a的资源,结合国内外C4~C6轻烃利用技术,设计了方案ⅠSUPERFLEX-SCORE组合工艺和方案ⅡSUPERFLEX-现有气分装置组合工艺两个技术方案。研究结果表明:方案Ⅰ可产丙烯19.88万t/a,乙烯14.27万t/a,高辛烷值汽油12.10万t/a;方案Ⅱ可产丙烯13.90万t/a,稀乙烯10.97万t/a,高辛烷值汽油8.84万t/a。经济分析表明,方案Ⅱ在投资、利税率、回收期等方面均优于方案Ⅰ。如果需更多的丙烯,则方案Ⅱ也是一种理想的选择。     

浓硫酸清净乙炔工艺的应用

介绍了浓硫酸清净乙炔工艺的原理及流程,并与原次氯酸钠清净工艺进行了比较。采用浓硫酸清净乙炔工艺可使发生系统用水达到平衡,按10万t/a PVC计,可获经济效益156.5万元/a。     

15万t/a PVC旋风干燥工艺改造

介绍了PVC旋风干燥能力由6万t/a提高至15万t/a所进行的工艺改造,分析了改造后旋风干燥工艺的操作过程及优点,并给出了运行数据。     

潜江仙桥化学15万t/a零极距烧碱技改项目环评公示

<正>近日,潜江市仙桥化学制品有限公司15万t/a零极距离子膜全卤制碱烧碱技改升级项目环境影响评价进行第一次公示。据了解,该技改项目拟淘汰原有技术落后、能耗高、污染大的2.7万t/a隔膜法烧碱,采用技术先进、能耗低、清洁生产工艺的离子膜法烧碱工艺。新增2台1.25万t/a离子膜电解槽,与现有2台1.25万t/a     

隔膜法烧碱蒸发工艺技术改造

针对隔膜法烧碱蒸发过程中影响蒸汽消耗、碱损失的因素,提出优化工艺的措施.优化工艺后,节约蒸汽费用约204万元/a,减少碱损失费用约18万元/a.     

Gray‐Box Modeling for the Optimization of Chemical Processes

The availability of predictive models for chemical processes is the basic prerequisite for offline process optimization. In cases where a predictive model is missing for a process unit within a larger process flowsheet, measured operating data of the process can be used to set up such models combining physical knowledge and process data. In this contribution, the creation and integration of such gray‐box models within the framework of a flowsheet simulator is presented. Results of optimization using different gray‐box models are shown for a virtual cumene process.     

煤气化制合成气工艺路线探讨

介绍了谢尔煤气化工艺和德士古气化工艺，从多方面对两种工艺的特点进行了比较并得出结论，Shell工艺在总体上比Texaco工艺具有一定的优势，建议合成氨煤气工序采用Shell煤气化工艺（SCGP）。     

EXPERIENCES WITH THE BRILLINGER SPECTRAL ESTIMATOR APPLIED TO SIMULATED IRREGULARLY OBSERVED PROCESSES

Abstract. Shannon interpolation is used to assign values from a readily simulated discrete time process to the times of a point process, simulated by Ogata's thinning technique. The result is a set of unequally spaced samples from a hypothetical continuous time process with spectrum equal to that of the discrete time process for frequencies |ω| ≤π/Δ and identically equal to zero for |ω| > π/Δ, where Δ is the discrete time step. The spectra are theoretically known both for the sampled process and for the sampling point process. We calculate Brillinger spectral estimates for examples of a process with autoregressive spectrum, sampled at the times of a Hawkes Self Exciting Point Process. The success of the Brillinger estimator is demonstrated but it is shown to have an inherently high variance. An approximate confidence interval is discussed.     

氨氮废水处理技术及研究进展

概要介绍了一些氨氮废水处理方法的原理、影响因素和优缺点等,这些方法包括化学沉淀法、吹脱法、化学氧化法、生物法、膜分离法、离子交换法以及土壤灌溉等,为氨氮废水处理的研究与应用提供快捷的参考.以使在实际应用中针对不同类型氨氮废水迅速找出合理、高效的处理方法及组合。     

Multirate dynamic inferential modeling for multivariable processes

A PLS-based multirate dynamic modeling is proposed for quality prediction at a faster rate for multivariable processes with different sampling rates between the process and quality variables. Depending on the nature of the process and quality variables, two model representations are proposed, one-block form for the process with closed-loop quality control, and two-block form for the process without the closed-loop quality control. The applications of the proposed models are compared with respect to two processes, a three-stage absorber and the TE process. The ability of the proposed model to predict quality at a faster rate is demonstrated with the complex TE process.     

A Model‐Based Approach to Determine the Design Space of Preparative Chromatography

A dream of many pharmaceutical companies is to be able to register a large design space with the regulatory agencies. The problem is that this will require both time and money, so an intelligent method of validating a design space is needed. The design space should only cover operating points at which the process runs optimally. This means that the process should be optimized for different process scenarios and objective functions and the found operating points should be registered as design space. This paper presents a method of determining a good design space by creating Pareto fronts for the ideal case and for various process disturbance scenarios. Optimal operating points are found for varying ratios between feed costs and operating costs, making it possible to make a quantitative choice of an operating point based on this ratio and a qualitative choice based on the whole front. The analysis will show how the chromatographic process can be made more robust when optimizing for higher yields, and how the effect of the critical process parameters can change. To be certain that a robust process is found and that it has a high performance, process disturbances must be taken into account when optimizing a process.     

Multi‐objective optimization superimposed model‐based process design of an enzymatic hydrolysis process

The concepts of green process engineering and rigorous model‐based approaches have proven to be highly beneficial in process engineering. Although a combination of these two principles thus appears extremely promising, it is not found very commonly in literature. The very high complexity resulting from this combination poses great challenges for the process design and design engineers. Therefore, this work presents an innovative methodology for the model‐based process design with superimposed multi‐objective optimization for an exemplary process. This process for the enzymatic hydrolysis of fatty acid methyl ester combines several aspects of green process engineering and represents an exemplary process with an enzymatic liquid‐liquid‐solid reaction system. The optimization results based on operating and investment costs reveal important insights on the exemplary process and highlight the great advantages of the developed methodology as a profound basis for academic and industrial process design purposes. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 1974–1988, 2017     

Process intensification: New understanding and systematic approach

This paper presents new definitions for process intensification identifying two main categories called unit intensification and plant intensification. This paper also proposes general mathematical programming formulations for the different categories of intensification through a disjunctive formulation to consider the use of existing units or to include additional units. The ideas of process integration (energy, mass and property integration) are very useful for process intensification helping in maximizing throughput for a given process, minimizing process inventory for a given throughput or in minimizing utilities and feedstock for a given throughput (this means that process intensification is broader than process integration). This paper identifies that process intensification is a wider approach than single unit intensification as it was considered by most of the previous works. A case study is presented to show the applicability of the proposed models and definitions.     

Application of lost-product analysis to liquefaction processes

Thermodynamic analyses were carried out for a Linde process for liquefaction of propane and an Expander process for liquefaction of methane. Proposed process modifications increased the Linde process efficiency from 0.039 to 0.132 and the Expander process efficiency from 0.157 to 0.199. The second-law technique employed was based on the concept of lost-product which is defined for a fixed power input as maximum possible production rate minus actual production rate.     

甲醇双效精馏过程参数优化及有效能分析

利用流程模拟软件Pro Ⅱ对甲醇双效精馏过程进行了参数优化,结果表明,适合的操作压力为800kPa,加压塔塔底与塔顶质量流量适合比为1.66.在优化参数的基础上对过程进行了模拟,并对传统两塔流程及双效梢馏流程进行了热力学分析,结果表明,双效精馏过程热力学效率为15.95%,与传统两塔流程相比,效率提高了7.72%.