一种新型高升压比DC-DC变换器

针对传统DC-DC变换器存在的输出电压增益不高、能量转换效率较低等问题,提出一种新型高升压比直流变换器。该变换器主电路拓扑结构由Boost电路和电荷泵倍压电路组成,具有相互独立的控制环节,与现有典型的高增益阻抗源DC-DC变换器相比,所提出的变换器可以在较低的输入电压下实现更高的升压增益,同时具有更高的转换效率。详细分析了变换器的工作原理,使用Simulink工具对升压方案进行仿真,验证了方案的可行性。实验结果表明:在5 V输入下,输出电压为380 V,输出纹波为0.82%,转换效率最高为80.6%,可用于驱动高工作电压传感器。     

Design and development of repetitive capacitor charging power supply based on series-parallel resonant converter topology

LCL resonant converter based repetitive capacitor charging power supply (CCPS) is designed and developed in the division. The LCL converter acts as a constant current source when switching frequency is equal to the resonant frequency. When both resonant inductors' values of LCL converter are same, it results in inherent zero current switching (ZCS) in switches. In this paper, ac analysis with fundamental frequency approximation of LCL resonant tank circuit, frequency dependent of current gain converter followed by design, development, simulation, and practical result is described. Effect of change in switching frequency and resonant frequency and change in resonant inductors ratio on CCPS will be discussed. An efficient CCPS of average output power of 1.2 kJ/s, output voltage 3 kV, and 300 Hz repetition rate is developed in the division. The performance of this CCPS has been evaluated in the laboratory by charging several values of load capacitance at various repetition rates. These results indicate that this design is very feasible for use in capacitor-charging applications.     

用于低能量密度换能器的电源管理电路

为无线微传感器供能的低能量密度压电换能器,其采集能量少、输出功率低。使用传统的电源管理电路向储能电容充电时,低功率地能量传输使得采集能量大多耗散在整流电路中,而最终能够传递给储能电容的较少,导致电路充电功率低下。为解决低能量密度条件下,电源管理电路整流耗能大、充电功率低的问题,引入了高品质因数的石英晶体,提出一种新式电源管理电路。电路使用石英晶体低损耗地聚集换能器采集到的能量,当能量聚集到一定水平后,快速释放能量,为整流电路提供较高的输入功率,降低耗散在整流电路中的能量的比例,从而使更多的能量传递给储能电容,使其获得较高的充电功率。实验表明,对于50 Hz频率下输出8 V的压电换能器,相比于传统变频匹配电源管理电路,所提电路可将充电电压提高163%,充电功率提高110%。     

新型压电作动器驱动的直线电机驱动电源研究

基于压电作动器的大容性负载特性,通过电路匹配分析提出了基于直流升压变换器和谐振驱动控制电路;根据压电作动器驱动偏压要求,设计偏压电路使输出电压在-20~100 V之间;采用微处理器和D触发器设计驱动信号产生电路;将设计的驱动电源用于双作动器驱动的压电直线电机,电机运转平稳,电路功耗小,通过匹配不同的电感实现了宽频范围驱动.     

Design and performance of a pulse transformer based on Fe-based nanocrystalline core

A dry-type pulse transformer based on Fe-based nanocrystalline core with a load of 0.88 nF, output voltage of more than 65 kV, and winding ratio of 46 is designed and constructed. The dynamic characteristics of Fe-based nanocrystalline core under the impulse with the pulse width of several microseconds were studied. The pulse width and incremental flux density have an important effect on the pulse permeability, so the pulse permeability is measured under a certain pulse width and incremental flux density. The minimal volume of the toroidal pulse transformer core is determined by the coupling coefficient, the capacitors of the resonant charging circuit, incremental flux density, and pulse permeability. The factors of the charging time, ratio, and energy transmission efficiency in the resonant charging circuit based on magnetic core-type pulse transformer are analyzed. Experimental results of the pulse transformer are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation. When the primary capacitor is 3.17 μF and charge voltage is 1.8 kV, a voltage across the secondary capacitor of 0.88 nF with peak value of 68.5 kV, rise time (10%-90%) of 1.80 μs is obtained.     

A compact, low jitter, nanosecond rise time, high voltage pulse generator with variable amplitude

In this paper, a compact, low jitter, nanosecond rise time, command triggered, high peak power, gas-switch pulse generator system is developed for high energy physics experiment. The main components of the system are a high voltage capacitor, the spark gap switch and R = 50 Ω load resistance built into a structure to obtain a fast high power pulse. The pulse drive unit, comprised of a vacuum planar triode and a stack of avalanche transistors, is command triggered by a single or multiple TTL (transistor-transistor logic) level pulses generated by a trigger pulse control unit implemented using the 555 timer circuit. The control unit also accepts user input TTL trigger signal. The vacuum planar triode in the pulse driving unit that close the first stage switches is applied to drive the spark gap reducing jitter. By adjusting the charge voltage of a high voltage capacitor charging power supply, the pulse amplitude varies from 5 kV to 10 kV, with a rise time of <3 ns and the maximum peak current up to 200 A (into 50 Ω). The jitter of the pulse generator system is less than 1 ns. The maximum pulse repetition rate is set at 10 Hz that limited only by the gas-switch and available capacitor recovery time.     

Output voltage adjustment of a pulsed high-voltage nanosecond generator with inductive energy storage and a solid-state switching system

The possibility of adjusting the output voltage of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse generator with inductive energy storage and a solid-state switching system was investigated. All components of the adjustment system are installed in the low-voltage input circuit of the generator, whose voltage was less than 1000 V. The smooth adjustment of the output voltage in the range of 70–115 kV was achieved. The experimental setup and the obtained results are described.     

A Marx generator with a doubled output voltage

A generator of high-voltage pulses with doubling of the output voltage built according to the Marx scheme on the basis of ten stages connected in series is described. IGBT transistors are used as switches in the circuit. A specific feature of the generator circuit design is the substitution of charging diodes for charging resistors and connection of the supplying voltage through an inductor. This made it possible to double the amplitude of pulses across a load, which is proportional to the number of connected stages, and minimize the power loss during charging of storage capacitors. In an experiment performed at a supply voltage of 500 V, a pulse voltage of 7.4 kV was obtained across a load of 400 Ω.     

750 kV电容式电压互感器现场检验系统的研究

针对目前750 kV电容式电压互感器(CVT)测试中传统比较测差法和"低校高"法存在的问题,研究并开发出750 kV CVT测试和检验系统。通过对750 kV CVT的工作原理、等效电路和误差组成的分析,提出了750 kV CVT空载误差、负荷误差的测试方法和测试线路,研制了30.6 kV带升压器标准电压互感器、变频电子电源和低频互感器检验仪,组成了一套完整的检验系统。通过现场试验,测试数据准确可靠,可以满足0.2级750 kV CVT量值溯源的要求,具有较高的实用和推广价值。     

A compact high-voltage nanosecond marx generator based on air-field dischargers

Results of the development and study of a 14-stage air high-voltage pulse generator with an output voltage of up to 250 kV, a current rise time of 10 ns, and blow capacitance of 400 pF are presented. The design and the schematic circuit diagram of the generator are described.     

电场能量采集器的最大输出功率追踪电路设计*

本文采用频率变换原理采集输电线周围电场能量,设计了一种能量采集电路,对超级电容充电。负载阻抗呈电容性,为非线性负载,充电过程中阻抗不断变化。为实现最大输出功率传输,设计了低功耗的最大输出功率追踪(MPPT)电路,采用频率值为32.768 k Hz石英晶体构成方波振荡电路,因电容电压不能突变,通过充电电流控制开关导通时间,构成电流反馈最大输出功率点追踪系统。最大输出功率追踪电路的工作电流为1.2 u A,工作电压为5 V,功耗为6 u W。实验结果表明,在充电36min时达到最大功率输出,储能电容电压的大小为0.32 V,输出功率最大为18 u W。相比于直接充电电路,最大输出功率电路的能量采集效率提高了50%。     

Analysis of a modular generator for high-voltage, high-frequency pulsed applications, using low voltage semiconductors (< 1 kV) and series connected step-up (1:10) transformers

This article discusses the operation of a modular generator topology, which has been developed for high-frequency (kHz), high-voltage (kV) pulsed applications. The proposed generator uses individual modules, each one consisting of a pulse circuit based on a modified forward converter, which takes advantage of the required low duty cycle to operate with a low voltage clamp reset circuit for the step-up transformer. This reduces the maximum voltage on the semiconductor devices of both primary and secondary transformer sides. The secondary winding of each step-up transformer is series connected, delivering a fraction of the total voltage. Each individual pulsed module is supplied via an isolation transformer. The assembled modular laboratorial prototype, with three 5 kV modules, 800 V semiconductor switches, and 1:10 step-up transformers, has 80% efficiency, and is capable of delivering, into resistive loads, -15 kV1 A pulses with 5 micros width, 10 kHz repetition rate, with less than 1 micros pulse rise time. Experimental results for resistive loads are presented and discussed.     

一种新型低功耗小型高压电源

介绍一种新型低功耗小型高压电源，该电源采用全集成化电路设计。由振荡电路产生脉冲方波推动开关电路，采用自举升压电路，提高高压变压器的初级电压。脉冲高压经高压变压器升压整流后，可得到需要的稳定直流高压，对于正高压，在高压升压电路后采用倍压整流，用直接取样反馈方式来凋整输出高压，使高压更趋稳定。该电源具有功耗低、体积小、重量轻、绝缘性能好等特点，而且输出高压连续可凋。电源的正负高压输出值分别为：正高压0～＋50kV、负高压0～-25kV。可用于小功率X光管供电和其他相关科学研究及野外作业。     

箱式电力电子变压器功率阀塔结构设计

首先对电力电子变压器功率阀塔系统原理进行介绍。然后,在输入电压为AC 10 kV、输出电压为DC 750 V的基础上,分析了功率阀塔结构设计需要满足绝缘配合要求,并结合绝缘配合要求进行了结构设计。最后,通过对功率阀塔进行工频耐压、雷电冲击电压试验分析,验证了其绝缘性能。     

Note: Compact high voltage pulse transformer made using a capacitor bank assembled in the shape of primary

The experimental results of an air-core pulse transformer are presented, which is very compact (<10 Kg in weight) and is primed by a capacitor bank that is fabricated in such a way that the capacitor bank with its switch takes the shape of single-turn rectangular shaped primary of the transformer. A high voltage capacitor assembly (pulse-forming-line capacitor, PFL) of 5.1 nF is connected with the secondary of transformer. The transformer output voltage is 160 kV in its second peak appearing in less than 2 μS from the beginning of the capacitor discharge. The primary capacitor bank can be charged up to a maximum of 18 kV, with the voltage delivery of 360 kV in similar capacitive loads.     

能馈式电子负载中交错并联Boost电路的设计

为满足服务器电源测试用能馈式电子负载对第一级DC/DC低压大电流输入、低输入电流纹波和高效率的要求,第一级DC/DC采用交错并联Boost电路.分析了该电路的工作原理,给出了电路中各主要元器件的选取原则.针对电子负载恒流输入需求,给出了基于dsPIC33FJ16GS504的输入电流恒流控制环路设计思路和方法.利用DSP...     

A voltage stabilizer on a storage capacitor

A voltage stabilizer on a storage capacitor is intended for converting constant unstabilized voltages into pulsed voltages with stabilized amplitudes in power supply circuits for lasers. The principle of operation of this stabilizer is based on preliminarily charging of the storage capacitor to a voltage intended for compensating for an alternating component of the input voltage. The proposed technical decision significantly increases the laser emission stability. A voltage U _out = 1000 ± 1 V was obtained across the storage capacior, and the stabilization coefficient was ～100.     

Mega-ampere submicrosecond generator GIT-32

The GIT-32 current generator was developed for experiments with current carrying pulsed plasma. The main parts of the generator are capacitor bank, multichannel multigap spark switches, low inductive current driving lines, and central load part. The generator consists of four identical sections, connected in parallel to one load. The capacitor bank is assembled from 32 IEK-100-0.17 (0.17 microF, 40 nH, 100 kV) capacitors, connected in parallel. It stores approximately 18 kJ at 80 kV charging voltage. Each two capacitors are commuted to a load by a multigap spark switch with eight parallel channels. Switches operate in ambient air at atmospheric pressure. The GIT-32 generator was tested with 10, 15, and 20 nH inductive loads. At 10 nH load and 80 kV of charging voltage it provides 1 MA of current amplitude and 490 ns rise time with 0.8 Omega damping resistors in discharge circuit of each capacitor and 1.34 MA530 ns without resistors. The net generator inductance without a load was optimized to be as low as 12 nH, which results in extremely low self-impedance of the generator ( approximately 0.05 Omega). It ensures effective energy coupling with low impedance loads like Z pinch. The generator operates reliably without any adjustments in 40-80 kV range of charging voltage. Maximum jitter (relative to a triggering pulse) at 40 kV charging voltage is about 7 ns and lower at higher charging voltages. Operation and handling are very simple, because no oil and no purified gases are required for the generator. The GIT-32 generator has dimensions of 3200 x 3200 x 400 mm(3) and total weight of about 2500 kg, thus manifesting itself as a simple, robust, and cost effective apparatus.     

Adjustable phase device for low-frequency NMR experiments

In order to detect low-level NMR signals by bridge methods, a phase displacing device based on principle of voltage addition has been developed allowing the precise bridge balancing over a one decade frequency range. Using analogous multiplier devices for control and adjust circuit the phase adjustment of the output voltage is within +/-3 degrees over a frequency range from 10 to 100 kHz. For input peak-to-peak voltage levels from 0.1 to 1 V the output level is amplitude-stabilized to within 2% for all phase displacements.