富铬发芽糙米对糖类代谢的影响

以不同剂量的富铬发芽糙米对糖尿病模型小鼠与正常小鼠进行饲喂,26 d后进行空腹血糖与糖耐量的测定,结果表明,富铬发芽糙米高、中、低剂量组能显著(P<0.01)降低糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖值,其效果随剂量的增加而增强,表明富铬发芽糙米对糖尿病小鼠有降血糖作用.     

2个品种南瓜有机溶剂提取物和多糖成分降血糖作用研究

目的:研究并比较十姐妹和改良蜜本南瓜栽培品种对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠降血糖作用。方法:尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶建立小鼠糖尿病模型,灌胃南瓜提取物治疗7 d后测定小鼠空腹血糖和餐后血糖值、肝糖原含量、脂质过氧化物MDA含量和SOD活力水平。结果:2种南瓜提取物均对糖尿病小鼠均有一定治疗效果,各提取部位均能显著降低糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖值和MDA含量,同时显著升高SOD活力水平,但对餐后血糖值和肝糖原影响不显著。且对各指标的影响,十姐妹南瓜和改良蜜本南瓜表现不同,但其作用都优于改良蜜本南瓜多糖。结论:南瓜治疗糖尿病的作用机制很可能是通过修复受损的胰岛β细胞,使其恢复正常的分泌功能或是通过改善机体对胰岛素敏感性,增强葡萄糖利用率达到降糖目的,且与调节小鼠体内氧化应激作用有紧密的联系。     

浙江七叶和汕美2号南瓜降血糖作用研究

研究并比较浙江七叶和汕美2号南瓜栽培品种对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠降血糖作用。采用尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶建立小鼠糖尿病模型,灌胃南瓜提取物治疗7 d后测定小鼠空腹血糖和餐后血糖值、肝糖原、胰岛素、TG、TC、MDA含量和SOD活力水平。两种南瓜均对糖尿病小鼠有一定治疗效果,各提取部位均能显著降低糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖值和MDA含量,同时显著升高肝糖元、胰岛素含量及SOD活力水平,但对餐后血糖值影响不显著。且对各指标的影响,浙江七叶南瓜和汕美2号南瓜各部位提取物表现不同,浙江七叶南瓜提取物对糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖、肝糖原、SOD、MDA等指标的改善作用强于汕美2号南瓜提取物,而对TG与胰岛素含量的影响作用则相反。结果表明,南瓜治疗糖尿病的作用机制很可能是通过修复受损的胰岛β细胞使其恢复正常的分泌功能或是促进肝糖元合成及糖类转化有关,且与调节小鼠体内氧化应激作用有紧密的联系。     

不同品种的南瓜多糖对糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响研究

探讨不同品种的南瓜中提取的南瓜多糖(PP)对糖尿病模型小鼠血糖的影响.选用浙江当地常见的有代表性的5种不同类型的南瓜及浙江大学自行培育的高出粉率南瓜,采用新的分离工艺从南瓜粉中提取得到PP,对其营养组成及降血糖效果进行比较.结果表明6种不同品种的南瓜粉主要营养成分不同,从中提取的PP降血糖效果也明显不同,其中PP2#与6#降血糖效果最显著(均P<0.001).结论表明:南瓜品种对其降血糖效果影响较大.     

两种不同品种的南瓜多糖降糖效果研究

不同品种南瓜多糖的含量及种类差异较大，南瓜果肉根据其糖含量可归纳为高糖型南瓜和低糖型南瓜两大类，为探寻不同品种的南瓜对糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响，本实验选用南方市场上常见的两种不同类型的南瓜，采用新的分离工艺从南瓜粉中提取得到南瓜多糖，对其营养组成及降血糖效果进行了研究。结果表明，高糖型南瓜的干物质及总糖含量较高，降血糖效果不明显；低糖型南瓜的干物质和总糖含量较低，降血糖效果显著。     

南瓜多糖对不同糖尿病模型小鼠的降糖作用

目的:研究南瓜多糖对不同试验性高血糖模型小鼠血糖的影响,并研究其降血糖作用机制。方法:降血糖试验采用四氧嘧啶、肾上腺素、地塞米松3种糖尿病模型,对试验小鼠灌胃PPS 200 mg/kg,观察不同给药时间小鼠的血糖、肝糖原、胰脏胰岛素等指标。结果:PPS对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠的血糖升高有显著的抑制作用(P0.01),胰脏胰岛素水平与模型组比较显著增加(P0.05),肝糖原值保持正常水平;PPS能够显著降低肾上腺素模型小鼠的高血糖(P0.01);同时,PPS能够降低由地塞米松引起的糖尿病小鼠口服糖负荷后血糖的峰值,加快血糖水平回落的速度。结论:PPS可对抗四氧嘧啶引起的小鼠血糖升高,增加小鼠的肝糖元合成,改善糖耐量水平,其作用机制可能与改善胰岛β细胞的功能或增加肝组织对糖的转化利用有关。     

南瓜多糖对四氧嘧啶型糖尿病小鼠血糖和血脂的影响

研究南瓜多糖对正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶型糖尿病小鼠血糖和血脂的影响.对正常小鼠灌胃高低两个剂量(200、400 mg/kg)的南瓜多糖水溶液,对四氧嘧啶造模成功的小鼠随机分为模型对照组、南瓜多糖组(400 mg/kg的PP)和优降糖组(15 mg/kg的优降糖),以灌胃给药.对两种类型小鼠的处理均设立正常对照组,给予等体积的生理盐水,测定小鼠空腹的血糖、胰岛素、TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C的含量.结果表明,高剂量的南瓜多糖对正常小鼠的降血糖和降血脂效果优于低剂量.南瓜多糖使糖尿病小鼠的血糖与模型对照组相比极显著降低,胰岛素极显著升高,TC、TG、LDL-C显著降低.HDL-C极显著升高,并且南瓜多糖的降血糖降血脂效果与优降糖相比无显著差异.     

桑叶不同组分降血糖作用研究

目的:研究桑叶不同组分的降血糖作用,筛选桑叶中降血糖作用活性组分。方法:采用四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠模型,观察桑叶不同组分对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠血糖及肝糖原的影响。结果:桑叶多糖组分和桑叶生物碱组分能有效降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖,促进肝糖合成,增加肝糖原。桑叶黄酮组分无明显的降血糖和增加肝糖原作用。结论:桑叶多糖组分和桑叶生物碱组分有较好的降血糖作用,能有效降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的血糖,促进肝糖合成,增加肝糖原。     

响应面法优化南瓜多糖的提取工艺及其降糖作用研究

实验目的:优化水溶性南瓜多糖(Pumpkin Polysaccharide,PP)提取的最佳工艺条件,并验证所提取的南瓜多糖的降血糖效果。实验方法:实验依次采用加热浸提、有机溶剂分步萃取等工艺技术手段,利用响应面分析法(RSA),通过响应面的等值线分析来寻求浸提的最优工艺参数;并结合动物实验,分别设置南瓜多糖实验组、空白对照组及阴性对照组,实验当天南瓜多糖实验组小鼠腹腔注入南瓜多糖500mg/kg,其余两组小鼠分别腹腔注射生理盐水0.5mL,测试各组小鼠给药前、给药7h及11h时的血糖值。实验结果:提取工艺的最佳参数为:温度55℃、料液比1:30、提取时间130min,在此条件下,南瓜多糖的得率为5.32%,所获得的南瓜多糖具有明显的降血糖效果(P<0.001)。结论:通过响应面法优选的工艺条件适合南瓜多糖的提取。     

南瓜降血糖活性成分的筛选及初步鉴定

在被追踪的降血糖活性组分为未知的情况下,从南瓜中筛选出降血糖活性成分—南瓜多糖(PCEC),并对其作初步鉴定。借鉴祖国经典方剂的溶剂提取法,并在药理试验的配合下采用动物实验进行筛选,用成分分析及紫外扫描法对PCE-C进行鉴定。结果表明,小鼠经腹腔注射7h后就可以使其血糖值由(15.32±3.38)mmol/L降至正常范围(5.77±1.46)mmol/L;南瓜多糖主要由糖(69.82％)和蛋白质(17.53％)组成,UV吸收显示一个典型的糖吸收峰,而无核酸(260nm)和蛋白质(280nm)的特征吸收峰。从而筛选并初步鉴定出南瓜中的降血糖活性成分为多糖类物质。     

The Hypoglycemic Effect of Pumpkin Seeds,Trigonelline (TRG), Nicotinic Acid (NA), and D-Chiro-inositol (DCI) in Controlling Glycemic Levels in Diabetes Mellitus

In the contemporary society, diabetes mellitus is considered as a common, growing, serious, costly, and potentially preventable public health problem. It is forecasted that in 2030, the number of people with diabetes will go up from 117 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The prevalence of diabetes will place a huge burden on health and financial structures of countries, and these will impact on individuals, as well as families and nations. Polysaccharides, para-aminobenzoic acid, fixed oils, sterol, proteins, and peptides are biologically active ingredients, which are found in pumpkins. The chemicals within pumpkins such as the fruit pulp, oil from ungerminated seeds, and protein from germinated seeds have hypoglycemic properties. Preliminary investigation showed that pumpkin seeds, and the macromolecules, therein, such as Trigonelline (TRG), Nicotinic acid (NA), and dchiro-inositol (DCI), possess hypoglycemic properties and could assist in maintaining glycemic control.     

SOFTENING OF PUMPKIN SEEDS (CUCURBITA MOSCHATA) BY ALKALINE MACERATION

The nutritional value of pumpkin seeds is widely recognized. This article shows that alkaline maceration of pumpkin seed makes them soft and improves their market acceptability as an important source of fiber, unsaturated lipids, minerals and proteins. Microscopic characterization of pumpkin seeds was realized. The results indicate elimination of minerals from the seeds through the delignification process due to the nature of the phenolic compounds eliminated in the maceration liquid. The alkaline maceration process of pumpkin seeds may contribute to a larger consumption of fibers and other nutritive elements from them.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

This work shows that the pumpkin seeds softened by chemical maceration improve sensory preferences, compared to nonmacerated products. Solid waste from pumpkin process can be converted to a new product as a snack rich in fiber and other important compounds, normally discarded as an industrial solid waste.     

Suitability of elemental fingerprinting for assessing the geographic origin of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca) seed oil

An analytical method was developed and validated for the classification of the geographical origin of pumpkin seeds and oil from Austria, China and Russia. The distribution of element traces in pumpkin seed and pumpkin seed oils in relation to the geographical origin of soils of several agricultural farms in Austria was studied in detail. Samples from several geographic origins were taken from parts of the pumpkin, pumpkin flesh, seeds, the oil extracted from the seeds and the oil-extraction cake as well as the topsoil on which the plants were grown. Plants from different geographical origin show variations of the elemental patterns that are significantly large, reproducible over the years and ripeness period and show no significant influence of oil production procedure, to allow to a discrimination of geographical origin. A successful differentiation of oils from different regions in Austria, China and Russia classified with multivariate data analysis is demonstrated.     

浅谈南瓜保健啤酒的开发

南瓜是一种极具开发潜力和开发价值的天然降糖保健食品，具有较高的营养价值和药用价值。我们以南瓜为辅料，生产出具有保健作用的南瓜啤酒，即扩大了生产范围又取得了良好的经济效益。     

一株降解南瓜多糖芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定

南瓜多糖具有降血糖功能,但由于其分子量大、结构复杂等特点,不利于南瓜多糖的加工利用。实验直接从南瓜样品中分离得到一株芽孢杆菌,命名为J-6菌株,该菌能够有效地降解南瓜多糖,酶活可达3.268U/mL。通过形态观察、生理生化实验、16SrDNA同源性序列分析,初步确定J-6菌株属于芽孢杆菌属。     

南瓜——保健佳品

南瓜是一种营养丰富，极具开发潜力的天然降糖食品，该文介绍了南瓜的营养成分，药用价值，保健功能以及南瓜有着广阔的开发前景。     

南瓜的营养保健价值及产品开发

南瓜是一种极具开发潜力和开发价值的天然降糖保健食品。本文对南瓜的营养价值、保健功能等方面进行了阐述,并介绍了几种南瓜综合开发的方法。     

天然降糖食品——南瓜的最新研究进展

南瓜是一种极具开发潜力和开发价值的天然降血糖保健食品,从南瓜的历史起源、植物学性状、营养价值、医疗保健作用等方面对南瓜的效用及研究进展做以简要介绍。     

EFFECT OF CUCURBITA FICIFOLIA FRUIT EXTRACT ON LIPID PROFILE AND ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Cucurbita ficifolia ( C. ficifolia ) commonly known as pumpkin is a cultivated plant whose fruit can be used for treating various diseases, one of which is diabetes mellitus. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of long term feeding of C. ficifolia fruit extract on blood glucose, lipid profiles and the oral glucose tolerance test in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Treatment for 30 days showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and a significant increase in high density lipoprotein level. A significant effect on oral glucose tolerance was also noted. Chronic administration showed an improvement in the oral glucose tolerance curve. These results suggest that C. ficifolia fruit extract exhibits hypoglycemic as well as hypolipidemic effects in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Cucurbita ficifolia , also referred to as pumpkin, is commonly used as a traditional remedy for diabetes in Asia, Africa and South America. The present study investigated the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of C. ficifolia fruit extract in rats with streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes. Findings from this study demonstrate that C. ficifolia fruit extract has been shown to have, besides hypoglycemic properties, strong hypolipidemic action on diabetic hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia as well. Therefore, consumption of C. ficifolia fruit as a therapeutic diet may be useful in the treatment of diabetes.     

天然降糖食品——南瓜的开发研究概述

南瓜是一种极具开发潜力和开发价值的天然降糖保健食品。本文从南瓜的种类分布和历史起源、营养价值、药用价值等方面对南瓜功效因子的构效研究进展及其对南瓜产品的综合开发与深加工新技术等做一简要介绍。