基于服务设计理念的景区垃圾箱分类探析

目的伴随着我国大众旅游时代的到来,环保问题日渐突出。从服务设计理念的角度出发,对服务设计在景区的垃圾箱分类上的运用进行研究。方法以服务设计理念为基础、我国旅游业的环境问题为研究背景,分别从服务提供者和服务接收者的角度,对景区垃圾箱的使用人群情况及垃圾箱分类所存在的主要问题进行具体分析,并提出相应的改进原则,其中包括视觉统一性、按需投放、植入人体工程学及实现垃圾箱价值最大化的原则。结论以用户为中心,通过对使用人群的情况分析,发现并解析用户在垃圾箱使用过程中的痛点,融入服务设计理念进行改善,减少用户对垃圾箱的排斥感、距离感,进而提升用户整体体验。明确服务设计理念应用的必要性,使整个景区的环境系统形成良性循环的理想状态。     

基于生命周期理论的可持续儿童推车设计

目的 针对童车市场出现的产品生命周期短、回收再利用难和产品类别过度细分等问题,从可持续设计的设计原则和设计方法出发,结合用户需求分析,进行儿童推车再设计,以解决当前儿童推车造成的家庭开支大,占用空间,实用性不强等可持续设计问题。方法 基于产品全生命周期理论对儿童推车的可持续性进行分析,将儿童推车生命周期各个阶段的可持续利用率最大化,再应用模块化理念进行结构设计,通过分析现有儿童推车的功能与结构,提炼其共性特征和可实现多功能变换的功能与结构模块。结论 使该多功能童车通过功能结构模块的变换,实现在儿童推车、购物拖车与助行拐杖之间的功能转化,以及拆卸后座椅的再利用。应用可持续儿童推车设计流程,有效地延长儿童推车的生命周期,发挥儿童推车使用后的余热,满足用户多样化、个性化的需求,减少对资源的浪费和经济损失。     

移情设计在儿童牙科产品体验设计中的运用

目的通过移情设计的介入,探索儿童牙科产品再设计的可能。细化用户的痛点和需求,为解决儿童牙科恐惧症提供更多视角。方法基于产品服务系统设计的理论,用移情设计中的多种工具,从用户研究到原型设计进行针对儿童牙科产品体验设计的探索。结论完善儿童的就医体验,通过对用户"说"、"做"、"想"的移情研究,增加产品设计的丰富度和科学性,以缓解儿童的牙科恐惧症。     

可持续设计视角下新能源充电系统设计策略研究

目的 以可持续设计的有关理论作为指导,以木马设计集团的新能源充电桩产品设计为样例,降低产品使用过程中的人为损耗,为共享汽车的充电问题提出智慧化解决方案。方法 首先,以“DfS”(Design for Sustainability)方法为指导,通过用户访谈构建动态用户画像,挖掘传统充电桩各阶段存在的痛点,并从可持续设计的视角建立新能源充电产品服务系统的理论框架;其次,通过定性及定量的方法挖掘用户显性与隐性需求,总结新能源充电系统的设计策略;最后,利用该策略指导设计新能源充电系统,并利用可持续性晴雨表进行设计验证。结果 提出可持续设计视角下新能源充电系统的设计原则;基于用户需求设计出自动化新能源充电系统,解决传统手动充电带来的过程繁琐的问题。结论 新能源充电系统设计策略的构建能够推动自动化、智能化、网联化和共享化深度融合,实现城市交通体系智慧化发展。     

智慧景区共享电车的产品服务系统设计

目的 在人工智能技术的推动下,研究智慧景区共享电车产品服务系统的设计策略和具体实施方案.方法 将产品服务系统设计的方法运用到分析和设计的全过程中.通过分析用户需求与行为特征,建立目标用户角色模型,绘制用户体验地图梳理服务系统中的触点,分析局限性和识别机会点,制定智慧景区共享电车产品服务系统的设计策略.方案设计围绕设计信息架构、建立服务系统模型和绘制服务蓝图展开,进行共享电车产品服务系统的原型设计,并运用可用性测试对系统的用户体验进行评估.结论 可用性测试结果表明系统的用户体验良好,有助于进一步指导升级迭代设计.对智慧景区如何设计共享电车产品服务系统做出了有益指导,对其他服务场景下的共享电车设计也具有借鉴意义.     

社区鲜米机产品服务系统设计研究

目的基于产品服务系统理念对社区鲜米机的使用提出策略研究与应用方法,以期为社区居民提供新鲜大米服务,满足现代人的绿色饮食需求。方法通过分析鲜米机出现的社会背景、使用概况和使用人群存在的痛点及需求,以产品服务系统设计为指导,对社区鲜米机的设计与服务流程进行综合性研究。结论阐述社区鲜米机在共享经济下带来的社会、资源等多方面的重要意义与启示。     

面向用户的图书馆服务设计策略探讨

目的探讨图书馆服务设计策略,以改善图书馆服务水平不均,服务内容雷同、重叠和简单照搬的现状,为用户创造更好的服务体验。方法以图书馆服务系统为研究对象,通过对图书馆服务现状的资料搜集,整理存在的问题;以观察法、问卷法和访谈法的方法对图书馆服务环境、用户行为和需求、服务设施及服务过程等方面进行研究,总结归纳用户需求痛点和服务过程盲点,寻找图书馆服务设计机会;并以系统设计思想为指导,从行业发展、系统设计的宏观角度和用户需求的微观角度,进行图书馆服务系统设计,并对系统中服务设施和服务过程进行综合分析,提出两点服务设计策略。结论提出面向用户需求的定制化服务设施拓展方向、服务资源整合和服务过程优化蓝图的图书馆服务设计策略。     

基于服务设计理念的创客办公空间设计研究

目的研究创客办公空间系统的特点,探索现代办公空间的设计思路,打造符合"绿色、共享、高效、环保"理念的创客办公空间。方法运用服务设计的理念和策略,以创客用户为先,追踪所有参与人员的行为过程,提炼涉及所有机会点。分别以业务空间、展示空间、共享空间、私人空间为触点进行设计实践,致力于打造完美的用户体验。结论服务设计中对用户行为和过程的研究能够有效把握创客空间的现实痛点和潜在需求,为现代城市办公空间的设计方向提供参考。     

面向用户体验的家用按摩椅优化设计研究

本文以用户体验的角度对家用按摩椅使用进行研究为目的,通过了解用户使用产品过程中的动机、期望、问题,以及用户、产品、情景之间的相互联系,获取和理解用户需求,探究用户使用痛点、机会点。并基于用户需求对当前家用按摩椅进行优化设计。通过焦点小组、任务分析及用户角色等方法获取用户使用家用按摩椅过程中的使用需求,明确用户使用过程中存在的问题及用户满意度。并从视觉体验、使用体验、预期体验对用户需求进行分析,明确设计定位。最终基于用户体验研究对家用按摩椅从形态、功能、交互等方面进行优化设计,改善用户、产品交互体验。验证用户体验在产品优化设计中的必要性。研究对其他产品改良设计流程、方法也有借鉴意义。     

共享服务模式下的喘息服务应用软件优化设计研究

目的 针对传统形式下喘息服务在我国试推行过程中遇到的痛点,提出强化共享特征的设计策略,旨在使喘息服务能够在失能老人居家养老中发挥更大的作用。方法 结合对国内市场主流共享服务类应用软件的分析,运用用户体验地图和服务蓝图等服务设计工具,从共享服务模式因素及构成角度,梳理服务流程,通过寻找用户体验关键触点,对喘息服务具体内容进行优化。结果 设计了一款面向我国居家养老的喘息服务应用软件原型方案,包括资源展示、供需匹配、评价认证、用户社交、营销宣传五个主要功能模块。结论 基于共享服务模式下的新设计方案,相较于国外传统形式的喘息服务,具有更为显著的共享优势,在用户需求与使用体验上都得到了针对性优化,有助于提升喘息服务在我国推广及发展的可行性。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.