瑞利衰落下的空时频(STF)分组编码OFDM系统

基于正交频分复用(OFDM)系统，提出了一种发射分集方案——比特交织空时频(BI—STF)分组编码。其基本思路是：应用子载波分群方法并选择合适的系统参数，将OFDM系统转化成分群OFDM(G-OFDM)，对每个群分别进行空时频分组编码(GSTFBC)；在编码比特被重组和映射成GSTF分组编码前进行合理的比特交织，并按一定的规则分配给各个单群子载波进行酉星座旋转(CR)预编码。随后讨论了该方案的频谱利用率和成对错误概率(PEP)。仿真结果表明，同其它编码方案相比，提出的方案能在频率选择性瑞利衰落信道下获得最大的空间分集和频率分集增益，且只有较低的解码复杂性。     

具有子块编码结构和优化编码增益的 非相干全分集空频码设计

非相干空频编码是在无法得到精确信道信息的情况下获取MIMO-OFDM系统中空间分集和频率分集的重要手段,而目前非相干空频码的研究还是将整个OFDM符号看作是一个码字,这样大大增加了系统的编译码复杂度.本文提出了具有子块编码的非相干空频码结构,每个空频码字只占用部分子载波.通过一种码设计的新思路,将频率选择性衰落下的传输等效为平衰落下的传输,并在分析成对错误概率的基础上提出了具有全分集子块结构非相干空频码的设计准则和编码增益的优化方法.     

一种改进的差分空时频编码OFDM系统设计

平滑逻辑信道子载波排序和子载波删除可以提高差分空频编码OFDM的性能,但是导致系统频谱利用率的下降.文中提出一种改进的差分空时频编码的方案,在一个OFDM符号内采用平滑逻辑信道进行空频编码,对于删除的子载波在相邻的OFDM符号间进行差分空时编码.研究结果表明,这种改进的空时频编码OFDM系统和平滑逻辑信道空时编码OFDM系统对比提高了频谱利用率,而没有明显的性能损失.     

一种基于OFDM的空频码的设计

提出了一种基于OFDM达到最大可达分集增益的空频码设计方案。该编码利用正交频分复用把频率选择性衰落信道变换成平衰落信道的特性，同时引入了基于多天线的空间分集和基于时延扩展的频率分集，比空时编码具有更高的分集增益。     

LSTBC+OFDM分层方法的一种改进

基于OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access)中不同用户的子载波选择矩阵相互正交,提出了频率选择性衰落信道下分层结构的空时分组编码LSTBC(Layered Space-Time Block Code)的一种改进的分层方法.发射端采用分层结构的空时分组编码结合OFDM技术,在接收端提出了利用OFDM中子载波选择矩阵进行分组干扰抑制,然后对LSTBC的每层进行空时分组码的传统解码.相对于基于奇异值分解的分组干扰抑制方法,该方法只需要一根接收天线,降低了系统接收机设计的复杂度.仿真结果验证该方法的有效性.     

衰落信道上空频分组码的性能分析

对于任意抽头数的多输入多输出(MIMO)频率选择性Nakagami衰落信道,利用矩生成函数(MGF)方法和高斯Q函数的指数近似表达式,推导采用矩形M进制正交幅度调制(MQAM)的空频分组编码(SFBC)正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的平均误符号率(SER)性能的精确和近似解析表达式。数值计算和仿真结果证明了理论分析的正确性和近似分析的准确性。     

LDSTBC+OFDM中的一种新的分层方法

基于OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access)中不同用户所分配的子载波不同,提出了频率选择性衰落信道下分层结构的差分空时分组编码LDSTBC(Layered Differential Space-Time Block Code)的一种新的分层方法。发射端采用分层结构的差分空时分组编码结合OFDM技术,在接收端提出了利用OFDM中子载波选择矩阵进行分组干扰抑制,然后对LDSTBC的每层进行差分空时分组码的传统解码。相对于基于奇异值分解的分组干扰抑制方法,该文提出的方法只需要1根接收天线,降低了系统接收机设计的复杂度。仿真结果验证了所提出的方法的性能优于基于奇异值分解的方法。     

一种COFDM系统抗频率选择性衰落的方法

在频率选择性衰落信道中,宽带OFDM信号的部分子载波可能受到衰落的影响,造成调制到子载波上的数据位出现误码。提出一种COFDM系统对抗频率选择性衰落的方法,在发送端通过对受衰落子载波的预处理结合LDPC差错控制编码;在接收端,对受衰落子载波的预处理进行逆映射和差错控制译码,通过对错误图样的统计即可得到受衰落子载波信息。文中方法运算简单、复杂度低、系统额外开销小。     

MTMO—OFDM系统中空时／频码的性能分析

MIMO（多输入多输出）和OFDM（正交频分复用）技术的结合可以实现高数据传送速率并具有强的可靠性。文中分别研究基于STBC（空时分组编码）与SFBC（空频分组编码）的MIMO-OFDM系统和在不同的车载速度和时延扩展变化时的误比特率变化情况,结果表明：在不同环境中只有选择合适的系统参数才能发挥系统的最佳性能。     

多天线对角空频编码传输

将平坦衰落信道的对角代数空时码(DAST)推广到频率选择性衰落信道,提出了对角空频分组码(DSF).基于多输入多输出天线和正交频分复用(OFDM),DSF码将满秩的旋转信号星座和子载波分组结合起来,以对角发送方式(每时刻只有一个天线发射)发射旋转信息符号向量的每个分量.成对错误概率分析表明:在频率选择性信道中,通过选择最佳的旋转矩阵,这种DSF-OFDM系统能实现满分集增益和最大的编码增益.系统采用了球型解码器对DSF码实施最大似然解码,它的解码复杂性是中等的,并且,解码算法的复杂性与信号星座的维数无关.此外,和先前所提出的一些方法相比,提出的空频码还具有频谱效率高(1symbol/s/Hz)的性能特点.     

Iterative nonlinear detection for SFBC SC–FDMA uplink MIMO transmission systems

Single‐carrier frequency division multiple access (SC‐FDMA) systems with space frequency block coding (SFBC) transmissions achieve both spatial and frequency diversity gains in wireless communications. However, SFBC SC‐FDMA schemes using linear detectors suffer from severe performance deterioration because of noise enhancement propagation and additive noise presence in the detected output. Both issues are similar to inter‐symbol‐interference (ISI). Traditionally, SC‐FDMA system decision feedback equalizer (DFE) is often used to eliminate ISI caused by multipath propagation. This article proposes frequency domain turbo equalization based on nonlinear multiuser detection for uplink SFBC SC‐FDMA transmission systems. The presented iterative receiver performs equalization with soft decisions feedback for ISI mitigation. Its coefficients are derived using minimum mean squared error criteria. The receiver configuration study is Alamouti's SFBC with two transmit and two receive antennas. New receiver approach is compared with the recently proposed suboptimal linear detector for SFBC SC‐FDMA systems. Simulation results confirm that the performance of the proposed iterative detection outperforms conventional detection techniques. After a few iterations, bit‐error‐rate performance of the proposed receiver design is closely to the matched filter bound. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inter‐carrier Interference Reduction Scheme for SFBC‐OFDM Systems

In this paper, we first analyze carrier‐to‐interference ratio performance of the space–frequency block coded orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (SFBC‐OFDM) system in the presence of phase noise (PHN) and residual carrier frequency offset (RCFO). From the analysis, we observe that conventional SFBC‐OFDM systems suffer severely in the presence of PHN and RCFO. Therefore, we propose a new inter‐carrier interference (ICI) self‐cancellation method — namely, ISC — for SFBC‐OFDM systems to reduce the ICI caused by PHN and RCFO. Through the simulation results, we show that the proposed scheme compensates the ICI caused by PHN and RCFO in Alamouti SFBC‐OFDM systems and has a better performance than conventional schemes.     

Peak‐to‐average power ratio reduction in space frequency block coding multi‐input multi‐output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems by tone reservation

In this paper, a tone reservation (TR) method is employed to reduce the peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) in multi‐input multi‐output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems with space frequency block coding (SFBC). The key idea of the employed TR method is taking signals on multiple transmit antennas into account to design appropriate peak reduction symbols, which can significantly reduce the PAPR of SFBC multi‐input multi‐output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signals. With the employed TR scheme, the SFBC structure can be maintained, whereas the traditional TR method would destroy it, resulting in the degradation of bit error rate (BER) performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the employed TR scheme can provide significantly better BER performance than the traditional TR method with slight PAPR reduction degradation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

SFBC MIMO-OFDM系统中基于循环移位和盲检测的低复杂度SLM算法

为了降低空频分组编码的多输入多输出正交频分复用(Space Frequency Block Coding Multiple Input Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,SFBC MIMO-OFDM)系统中传统选择性映射(Selected Mapping,SLM)算法的计算复杂度,本文提出了结合时域信号的循环移位和等效SFBC编码来产生更多具有不同峰均功率比(Peak to Average Power Ratio,PAPR)的备选序列的方法.接收端通过比较反向旋转序列与最近星座点的距离来恢复出循环移位因子和相位旋转因子,从而实现接收信号的盲检测.仿真结果表明,本文提出方法能有效地抑制SFBC MIMO-OFDM系统的PAPR.另外,本文提出方法明显降低了传统SLM算法的计算复杂度,而且可以获得与传统SLM算法在已知边带副信息情况下相似的比特误码率(Bit Error Rate,BER)性能.     

用于SFBC MIMO-OFDM系统的改进SLM算法

在空频编码(SFBC)多输入多输出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)系统中传输符号存在较高峰均功率比(PAPR)问题,采用SLM算法能够有效降低系统峰均功率比,但随着发射天线数的增加,较多的快速傅里叶反变换(IFFT)会增加系统的计算复杂度,因此,构造F矩阵并提出了一种基于F矩阵SFBC MIMO-OFDM系统的改进SLM算法。采用F矩阵作为相位序列组对空频编码信号进行独立处理,获得最优相位序列取共轭,将共轭序列中每两个旋转因子为一个单位交换位置,并扰码SFBC后各天线的信号,以此减少了每根发射天线上的IFFT次数。理论和MATLAB仿真分析表明,该算法获得了良好的峰均比性能,同时也降低了系统的计算复杂度。     

Interference suppression for high data rate STBC/SFBC with 1-bit feedback

High data rate space time/frequency block coding (STBC/SFBC) suffers from interference due to its non-orthogonal structure of the effective channel. This paper presents new STBC/SFBC scheme to suppress interference with an aid of angle feedback. The proposed scheme achieves the full diversity gain with the spatial code rate of two by rotating constellation symbols in STBC/SFBC codewords. We find the closed form solution for the feedback angle and propose 1-bit feedback criterion. Simulation shows that the proposed scheme with 1-bit feedback improves the system performance significantly.     

Block‐wise Alamouti schemes for OQAM‐OFDM systems with complex orthogonality

Offset quadrature amplitude modulation‐based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems cannot be directly combined with the Alamouti code because of the intrinsic imaginary interference. In this paper, we propose a block‐wise space‐frequency block coding (SFBC) scheme and a block‐wise space‐time block coding (STBC) scheme for offset quadrature amplitude modulation‐based OFDM systems, which achieve bit error rate performances that are close to OFDM systems. The proposed schemes satisfy the orthogonality condition of the Alamouti code in the complex field with guard band/intervals. To improve the spectral efficiency of the block‐wise SFBC scheme, we also consider the case without the guard band. It is observed that only the two innermost subcarriers do not satisfy the complex orthogonality condition when the guard band is removed. Then, a simple equalization scheme is proposed to independently equalize the two innermost subcarriers. Simulation results show that the block‐wise SFBC scheme works well under channels with mild‐to‐moderate frequency selectivity, and the block‐wise (STBC ) scheme suffers less than 1 dB loss under severe frequency selective channels at the bit error rate of 10 ^− 3, when only a simple one tap zero‐forcing equalizer is employed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Relay-based single carrier transmission with SFBC in uplink fast fading channels

This letter proposes a relay-based single carrier frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE) with space-frequency block code (SFBC) in a distributed fashion. The proposed scheme achieves spatial diversity in uplink fast fading channels without the complexity of multiple antennas at source (mobile equipment). The source of the proposed system has a very simple transmitter structure without any increase of peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). In order to obtain spatial diversity, the transmit sequence of relay is efficiently generated in the time domain, which realizes the SFBC. The corresponding destination structure and frequency domain equalization are also presented. Simulation result shows that the proposed system considerably outperforms the distributed space-time block code (D-STBC) SC-FDE over fast fading channels.     

新的GLSFBC-CDMA-OFDMA发射方案

提出了频率选择性衰落信道下GLSFBC(grouplayeredSFBC)-CDMA-OFDMA多天线发射方案.该方案分为三级级联设计:第一级(基于OFDMA)用来抑制多用户间的干扰和对抗频率选择性衰落;第二级(基于CDMA)用来消除组间干扰和获得频率分集增益;第三级(基于GLSFBC)用来获得空间分集增益和复用增益.该方案在接收端只需要一根天线就可以抑制空频码组间的干扰和多用户间的干扰,从而使接收机结构简单.理论分析和计算机仿真结果都证明了该方案的有效性     

多路DFT扩频的低峰均比OSFBC传输方法

空频分组码（SFBC）可以为MIMO系统带来发射分集增益,而单载波频分多址（SC-FDMA）系统的发送信号具有低峰均比（PAPR）,但直接传输正交SFBC（OSFBC）会出现PAPR过大的问题。为此,本文以四发射天线为例针对OSFBC提出了一种基于DFT扩频的低PAPR传输方案,通过设置多个并行DFT单元并将得到的多组频域数据等间隔交叉排列映射到子载波上,根据频域循环移位和内插的性质使时域信号等效为多条单载波信号的叠加,PAPR与同点数SC-FDMA信号大致相当。同时,本文方案未带来误码率性能的下降,能够取得的分集增益与正交空时分组码（OSTBC）相同。