Mg-Al-Zn（RE）镁合金轧制变形行为及强化机制

针对典型的Mg-Al-Zn系AZ31变形镁合金以及添加了0．8％Ce和0．8％Nd的AZ31镁合金，研究了合金在轧制加工过程中组织与性能的变化以及稀土元素对合金的影响，并探讨了合金的主要强化机制。结果表明：Mg-Al-Zn系合金轧制加工过程中加丁硬化严重，容易发生脆性断裂。添加稀土元素后的合金强度和塑性都有明显提高，稀土元素可形成Al4ce等含稀土化合物，起到细晶强化和第二相强化作用。     

Effect of hot extrusion on microstructure and mechanical properties of quasicrystal-reinforced Mg-Zn-Y alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and as-extruded Mg-Zn-Y alloy （Mg-11 %Zn- 0.9%Y, mass fraction） containing Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystal were studied. The eutectic icosahedral quasicrystal phase （I-phase） is broken and almost distributes along the extrusion direction, and fine I-phase with nano-size is precipitated during the extrusion. The a-Mg matrix grains are refined due to recrystallization occuring during the hot extrusion. Some {1012} twins are observed in the extruded ZW1101 alloy. And {0002}（1010） fiber texture is formed in matrix alloys after hot extrusion. The extruded alloy exhibits high strength in combination with large elongation at room temperature. The strengthening mechanism of the as-extruded alloy was discussed.     

Microstructure and tensile properties of as-extruded Mg-Sn-Y alloys

The microstructure and tensile properties of the Mg-1.0%Sn-xY(x=1.5%,3.0%,3.5%,atom fraction)alloys extruded indirectly at 350℃ were investigated by means of optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and tensile test.The mean grain sizes ofα-Mg matrix in the three extruded alloys are 6,8 and 12μm,respectively,slightly increasing with the addition of Y. The relationship between microstructure and strength was discussed in detail.The results show that the addition of Y has little effect on the grain refinement of the as-extruded Mg-Sn based alloys above.The only MgSnY phase is detected in the Mg-Sn-1.5%Y alloy, and the Sn3Y5 phase in the Mg-Sn-3.5%Y alloy,whereas both of them simultaneously exist in the Mg-Sn-3.0%Y alloy.The particle shape of MgSnY and Sn3Y5 phase,inherited from the solidification,has little change before and after hot extrusion.Mg-Sn-3.0%Y alloy has the highest ultimate tensile strength(UTS),305 MPa,by over 50%compared with that of the other two alloys.     

稀土Y和Nd对ZM5合金组织和性能的影响

以ZM5镁合金为基体材料，应用铸造方法制备了4种不同稀土含量和比例的稀土镁合金。考察分析了稀土Y和Nd对ZM5合金组织结构、力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明，铸态合金中出现了新相Ti2Mg3Al3，它对于减少晶界处第二相的析出有积极作用。ZM5合金的组织结构、力学性能和腐蚀性能随稀土Y和Nd的比例不同而有比较大的差异，在所有考察的ZM5合金中，添加2％Y和1％Nd稀土的合金综合效果最好。     

Effects of Ce on microstructure of semi-continuously cast Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Zr magnesium alloy ingots

Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Zr-xCe (x=0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, mass fraction, %) alloys were prepared by conventional semi-continuous casting. The effect of rare earth Ce on the microstructure of Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Zr-xCe alloys was studied and the distribution of Ce was analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that Ce element exists in the form of Mg12Ce phase and has an obvious refining effect on the microstructure of test alloys. As the Ce content increases, the grain size reduces, the grain boundaries turn thinner, and the distribution of Mg12Ce precipitates becomes more and more dispersed. The Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Zr alloy with 0.3%Ce has the best refinement effect. From center to periphery of the ingot, the amount of granular precipitates in the grain reduces. In longitudinal section of the ingot, some relative long columnar grains appear.     

稀土微合金化对Mg-9Li-1Zn合金组织性能的影响

通过复合添加0.2%的Y+0.1%的Nd+0.05%的Gd(质量分数,下同)制备了轻质高强Mg-9Li-1Zn-RE合金(LZ91-RE),随后对其进行锻造和冷轧。采用OM、SEM、EDS、XRD、TEM对锻造态和冷轧态LZ91合金和LZ91-RE合金进行组织及物相分析,同时利用拉伸试验机进行力学性能测试。结果表明,LZ91合金组织由α-Mg和β-Li两相组成,添加多元稀土元素后LZ91合金中α相体积分数减少了26.5%,晶粒得到显著细化,同时原位析出了富Y、富Nd、Mg₁₂Nd及Mg₃RE稀土强化相,但存在局部偏聚现象;LZ91-RE合金经过大应变冷轧变形,稀土强化相被破碎细化且分布更加均匀。此外,与LZ91合金相比,锻造态的LZ91-RE合金抗拉强度比LZ91合金提高了13.9%。冷轧态的LZ91-RE合金的抗拉强度比LZ91合金提高了19%,而伸长率只下降了4.4%。     

Effects of yttrium on microstructures and properties of Ti- 17Al-27Nb alloy

1 Introduction With the rapid development in aerospace technology, the aero engine components have to endure larger force and higher temperature due to speed increase of aero-craft. Therefore, more requisitions have to be presented when selecting material…     

Effect of Zr Addition on the Grain Refinement Mechanism of Mg-Gd-Er AlloysEI北大核心CSCD

In recent years, Zr is widely used as an important additive element in magnesium alloys containing rare earth (RE), to improve the mechanical properties of Mg-RE alloys such as strength, ductility, creep resistance and corrosion resistance property. Heterogeneous nucleation mechanism and peritectic reaction mechanism are recognized as the main grain refining mechanisms. Whereas, during the solidification process, the melt wetting angle and nucleation energy are important factors which influence the nucleation. In this work, the effect of Zr on the solidification microstructure of the Mg-Gd-Er alloy was analyzed by using OM and EBSD; the undercooling of alloy melts was tested by using DSC; and the Mg/Zr interface relationship and interfacial energy were investigated by using HRTEM. Moreover, the effects of Zr on the wetting angle and nucleation activation energy of the Mg-11Gd-2Er and Mg-11Gd-2Er-0.4Zr alloys were investigated; the refinement mechanism of Zr on the alloys was discussed. The results indicates that the addition of Zr element can significantly refine the grain, and the grain size decreased from 1000 mm to 50 mu m. Compared with the Zr-free alloy, the nucleation wetting angle of the present alloy melt decreased from 18.3 degrees to 11.1 degrees, and the activation energy of nucleation decreased by 44.4%. The (1010) plane of Mg was completely coherent with the (1100) plane of Zr, reducing the interfacial energy between the (1010) Mg and the (1100) Zr. The grain refinement of Mg-Gd-Er alloy was ascribed to the decrease of melt wetting angle and the fully coherent interface relationship between Mg and Zr.     

Microstructures and tensile properties of as-extruded Mg-Sn binary alloys

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-xSn(x=3,7 and 14,mass fraction,%) alloys extruded indirectly at 300℃ were investigated by means of optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and tensile test.The grain size of theα-Mg matrix decreases from 220,160 and 93μm after the homogenization treatment to 28,3 and 16μm in the three alloys after extrusion,respectively.The results show that the grain refinement is most remarkable in the as-extruded Mg-7Sn alloy.At the same time,the amount of the Mg2Sn particles remarkably increases in the Mg-7Sn alloy with very uniform distribution in theα-Mg matrix.In contrast,the Mg2Sn phase inherited from the solidification with a large size is mainly distributed along grain boundary in the Mg-14Sn alloy.The tensile tests at room temperature show that the ultimate tensile strength of the as-extruded Mg-7Sn alloy is the highest,i.e.,255 MPa,increased by 120%as compared with that of as-cast samples.     

Ce 含量对 Mg2.2Sn1Al0.5Zn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

利用 OM、XRD、SEM、EDS 等方法,研究了不同Ce 含量对 Mg-2.2Sn-1Al-0.5Zn 合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：添加适量的稀土 Ce 能细化晶粒,Ce 与 Al 结合形成高熔点的稀土相 Al4Ce,使β-Mg17Al12相数量减少;针状或杆状 Al4Ce 相分布在晶界周围,阻止了位错运动;合金的抗拉强度、塑性和硬度均随 Ce 含量的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,当 Ce 含量为0.6%时合金的力学性能最佳。对断口进行扫描分析证明拉伸断裂为穿晶断裂和韧性断裂的混合断裂。     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-4Y-2Gd-xZn-0.4Zr alloys

Microstructures and mechanical properties of the Mg-4Y-2Gd-0.4Zr alloy with Zn additions have been investigated. The investigation suggests that the mechanical properties of the alloys have been greatly improved after hot extrusion due to the refinement of microstructures, especially the elongations. The extruded Mg-4Y-2Gd-1.0Zn-0.4Zr alloy displays excellent tensile properties. The ultimate tensile strength and the yield tensile strength are 291 and 228 MPa, respectively, with an elongation of 28%. The additions of Zn have an obvious effect on refining microstructure of the extruded alloys, and the vicker hardness increases with increasing Zn additions. The age hardening responses of the extruded alloys have been investigated at 220 °C. These alloys display unobvious ageing hardness responses.     

Ce对Mg-9Gd-4Y-1Nd-0.6Zr合金微观组织和耐蚀性的影响

为获得高强耐蚀的镁稀土合金,采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析、腐蚀失重法、电化学阻抗和动电位极化等研究了元素Ce对Mg-9Gd-4Y-1Nd-0.6Zr合金微观组织和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明添加0.5% Ce后合金耐腐蚀性能较好,合金的腐蚀电流密度为不含铈合金的55.6%,腐蚀电位正移约141 mV。适量Ce元素的加入导致其他稀土元素在晶界处富集并呈网状分布,使第二相粒子尺寸变小,体积分数变大。     

Nd对Mg-6Al铸态合金拉伸性能的影响

研究Nd对Mg-6Al铸态合金拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：室温和175 ℃下,Mg-6Al-xNd(x=0,2,4,6,质量分数, 下同)合金的屈服强度随Nd含量增加而增加,在6.0%Nd时达到最大;抗拉强度和延伸率在4.0%Nd时达到最大,当Nd含量上升至6.0%时,两者均有少量下降。组织分析表明,Nd在Mg-6Al中以针状Al11Nd3和多边形状Al2Nd相存在,其中前者含量明显高于后者,为主要析出相。Al11Nd3相析出于枝晶界和晶界,有效细化了枝晶间距和晶粒度。通过建立软硬体复合模型对合金拉伸过程进行力学分析,并结合拉伸断口观察,综合认为Mg-6Al-xNd合金拉伸性能的提高主要归结于Al11Nd3相引起的细晶强化和第二相强化作用。Nd含量达到6.0%时合金抗拉强度和延伸率出现少量下降,主要归结于大块脆性相Al2Nd含量的增加     

钇含量对Mg-xY-1.5LPC-0.4Zr合金的时效硬化和力学性能的影响(英文)

研究钇含量对Mg-xY-1.5LPC-0.4Zr镁合金的时效硬化、显微组织和力学性能的影响(其中LPC代表富镧混合稀土金属)。当将Y加入Mg-1.5LPC-0.4Zr时,随着Y含量的增加,合金的时效硬化反应相应增强,晶粒尺寸变小,强度增加。当将Y添加到Mg-1.5LPC-0.4Zr合金中时,时效析出相发生改变,由Mg-LPC基合金的稳态Mg12RE相转变为Mg-Y基合金的亚稳态β′相,且随着Y含量的增加,β′相的数量也相应增多。在合金晶界上还发现了稳态立方形的β-Mg24Y5相。对于Mg-Y-LPC-Zr合金,拉伸性能的改善主要归功于均匀、弥散分布的β′相,在晶界上的β-Mg24Y5相对合金的晶界也有明显的强化作用。当Y含量达到6%时,合金的拉伸强度最大,合金在室温和250°C的抗拉强度分别是250 MPa和210 MPa。     

定向凝固多孔Mg-Zn合金的制备及气孔结构

采用Bridgman型定向凝固法制备出藕状多孔Mg-Zn合金。研究了不同锌含量和氢气压力对气孔形貌的影响。通过理论计算对Mg-1Zn(质量分数,%,下同)合金的孔隙率进行了预测。结果表明,锌元素的加入会对孔结构产生重大影响。随着Zn含量从0%增加到2%,平均孔径增加。随着氢气压力从0.1 MPa增加到0.6 MPa,Mg-1Zn合金的孔隙率明显降低。基于氢气在多组分熔融金属中溶解度的计算模型,Mg-1Zn合金铸锭凝固高度为20 mm的不同氢压孔隙率的计算结果与实验的结果比较吻合。通过组织观察表明,随着Zn含量的增加,凝固组织由柱状晶转变为等轴晶。此外,研究了在不同凝固阶段孔的形成过程,可为在生物医用材料中应用的定向凝固多孔Mg-Zn合金的制备提供理论依据。     

Zn含量对铸态Mg-2Er合金的微观结构及力学性能影响

采用XRD和SEM等微观表征技术研究不同Zn添加量对Mg-2Er合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：当Zn添加量为1%和2%时,合金主要相组成为W相和α-Mg;当Zn添加量为4%-10%时,合金中则有I相析出,合金相成分变为W相、I相和α-Mg;当Zn添加量增加至12%时,W相消失,合金中主要第二相则为I相和Mg4Zn7相。当Zn添加量为6%时,合金具有较好的拉伸力学性能,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为224 MPa、134 MPa和10.4%。     

铸造冷却速度对Mg-4.4Zn-0.3Zr-0.4Y挤压态合金组织性能的影响

本文通过两种不同冷却速度制备成分相同、铸造组织特征不同的Mg-4.4Zn-0.3Zr-0.4Y铸态合金,研究不同铸造组织特征对挤压变形态合金组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：与空冷铸造合金相比较,通过水冷冷却增大了熔体冷却速度,使铸态组织得到细化,抑制了W-相（Mg3Y2Zn3相）的形核,并促进了I-相（Mg3YZn6相）的生成,获得了更大体积分数的准晶相(I-相)。经过挤压变形后,水冷铸造合金中的再结晶晶粒细小均匀,经过挤压变形破碎的细小I-相颗粒弥散分布在基体上,{0002}基面织构得到弱化,而{101 ?2}织构强度增强,从而使挤压态Mg-4.4Zn-0.3Zr-0.4Y合金的强度和塑性都得到了大幅的提高。水冷铸造Mg-4.4Zn-0.3Zr-0.4Y合金经过挤压变形后,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到297.0MPa和327.3MPa,与空冷铸造挤压态合金相比分别提高了46.4MPa和21.4MPa。水冷铸造Mg-4.4Zn-0.3Zr-0.4Y挤压态合金的延伸率达到14.8%,与空冷铸造挤压态合金相比增大了4.7%。     

Effect of gadolinium on aged hardening behavior,microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy

Mg-3.4Nd-0.1 Zn-0.40Zr alloy samples with and without containing gadolinium(0.6%,mass fraction)were prepared by sand casting.The aged hardening behavior,solidification microstructures and mechanical properties of the alloys were investigated by using the analysis methods of OM,XRD,TEM,hardness tests and mechanical property tests.The main research results are as follows.1)Compared with the alloy without the addition of gadolinium.the alloys with the addition of gadolinium shows the more remarkable age-hardening response.2) The as-cast microstructure of the alloy with and without containing gadolinium consists of α-Mg grains with Mg12Nd phase on the grain boundary.After solution heat-treatment,Mg12Nd phase of the alloy without containing gadolinium is dissolved in the matrix,however,there iS still discontinued Mg12Nd phase at grain boundary of the alloy with containing gadolinium.The more finely dispersed precipitates in Mg matrix are formed in the alloy with containing gadolinium during age-treatment.3)The room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties ofthe alloy are satisfactory.with σb=280 MPa,σ0.2=165 MPa at RT and aσb=215 MPa,σ0.2=155 MPa at 250℃.The high temperature mechanical properties decrease slightly with the increase of temperature.     

EFFECTS OF Ce ON CORROSION RESISTANCE OF AZ91D MAGNESIUM ALLOY

1. IntroductionM agnesium alloysare w idely used in autom otive, com m unicated, electronic and aerialindustriesand predicted to be one ofthe m ostim portantlow -density and high-strength m aterialsin the 21th centu-ry ow ing to theirlow density,high spec…     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-10Ho-0.6Zr-xNd alloys

Mg-10Ho-0.6Zr-xNd (x=0, 1, 3 and 5, mass fraction, %) alloys were prepared by metal mould casting, and the microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated. The results show that the grain size of as-cast alloys reduces and the hardness and strength increase with the increase of Nd content. The alloys are aged followed by solid solution treatment. Mg-10Ho-0.6Zr-3Nd and Mg-10Ho-0.6Zr-5Nd alloys exhibit obvious age hardening response. The hardness value of Mg-10Ho-0.6Zr-5Nd alloy increases from HV104 at as-cast state to HV136 at peak-aged state. The maximum ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the Mg-10Ho-0.6Zr-5Nd alloy are obtained in at peak-aged state, and the values are 323 MPa, 212 MPa at room temperature, and 258 MPa, 176 MPa at 250 ℃, respectively. The improvement of the tensile strength is mainly attributed to the fine and dispersively distributed plate-shaped β′ metastable phase.