共轭聚合物在荧光化学传感器中的应用特征

综述了共轭聚合物作为传感材料在荧光化学传感器中的应用特征,着重就其良好的半导体性及灵敏性、高的摩尔吸光系数与荧光量子效率、传感信号放大功能以及良好的加工性能进行了介绍。此外,还对其发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。     

窄带隙共轭聚合物/富勒烯衍生物光探测器件的研究

基于高灵敏度、宽光谱响应的窄带隙共轭聚合物光探测器件的研究取得了突破性进展,受到了学术界和产业界的高度重视,成为了当前光探测器件研究的热点课题之一.本文概述了窄带隙共轭聚合物作为电子给体与电子受体PC61BM下光伏器件的研究进展及存在的问题.提出了带隙更窄、光谱响应更宽的共轭聚合物的合成与器件的优化研究将具有更大的发展...     

荧光共轭聚合物传感器的应用

介绍了共轭聚合物的荧光信号放大机理,综述了近年来作为传感器的荧光共轭聚合物的应用研究进展,以及共轭聚合物作为基材的传感器的种类、共轭聚合物在传感器方面面临的问题及研究方向。     

宽光谱高探测率聚合物光探测器的研究进展

体异质结聚合物光探测器(PPDs)是一种捕获光信号并将之转化为电信号输出的器件,在实现高灵敏度、可溶液加工、低成本、较快响应速度及大面积全色宽光谱探测方面具有显著优势。比探测率(D*)是PPDs的一项关键性能指标,目前越来越多比探测率超过1012Jones的PPDs见诸报道。要进一步提升PPDs的性能,除了需要性能更加优异的新颖材料,还需要对其工作机理和调控要素进行深入系统的研究。基于近年来PPDs的相关研究和本课题组的研究工作,在此对比探测率超过1012Jones的共轭聚合物电子给体材料、共轭聚合物分子工程学优化、以及器件结构创新的最新成果进行简要综述。     

荧光共轭聚合物的结构设计与合成方法研究

荧光共轭聚合物既有机小分子荧光材料优良的光学品质,又具有高分子材料优越的可加工性能,成为了荧光材料的研究热点。因此,荧光共轭聚合物在开发新型化学、生物及爆炸物传感器等方面具有非常广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了几种典型的荧光聚合物,重点介绍了聚合物中荧光发色团的合成,从分子结构设计、应用及优缺点等方面对各种合成方法进行阐述比较。并且展望了今后荧光共轭聚合物的发展前景。     

稀土配位聚合物荧光材料的应用研究进展

稀土配位聚合物因其结构多样性、可调控性以及在荧光、磁性、气体吸附与分离和荧光探针等领域的潜在应用成为当前的研究热点。文章详细地综述了近年来稀土配位聚合物荧光材料在温度传感、白光发射和荧光传感等领域的应用研究进展。最后,对稀土配位聚合物荧光材料的应用前景进行了总结和展望。     

TNT爆炸物传感/检测器件的研究进展

目前所研究的TNT传感器种类繁多,主要有荧光量子点型、共轭聚合物型、电化学型和分子印迹型,他们检测TNT的机理各不相同,也各有所长.将荧光检测技术与电化学检测技术以及分子印迹技术联用能够大大提高传感器的特异性检测能力.     

水溶性共轭聚合物在荧光传感器上的应用进展

水溶性共轭聚合物具有良好的光电性质和良好的水溶性,在传感器方面表现出诱人的应用前景,因此近年来关于它们的研究备受瞩目。本文主要概述近年来以水溶性共轭聚合物为基础的荧光传感器在金属离子、小分子以及生物大分子检测方面的应用进展。     

聚合物电致发光材料与器件(续完)--聚合物发光材料

1990年Burroughes采用聚对苯乙炔(PPV)作为有源层制作聚合物电致发光器件,开创了共轭聚合物科学的新领域,由于聚合物电致发光器件具有制备简单、发光效率和发光亮度高、发光波长易于调节等显著特点,引起了各国的高度重视,大量的共轭聚合物材料成功地应用于电致发光器件,使得电致发光聚合物材料和器件的研究成为近年来最活跃的领域之一.     

聚合物电致发光材料与器件(待续)--聚合物发光材料

1990年Burroughes采用聚对苯乙炔(PPV)作为有源层制作聚合物电致发光器件,开创了共轭聚合物科学的新领域,由于聚合物电致发光器件具有制备简单、发光效率和发光亮度高、发光波长易于调节等显著特点,引起了各国的高度重视,大量的共轭聚合物材料成功地应用于电致发光器件,使得电致发光聚合物材料和器件的研究成为近年来最活跃的领域之一.     

炸药发展中的新技术

介绍了炸药科学在高能量密度化合物、金属化炸药，复合炸药，新型高分子粘结剂应用，反应性材料和纳米技术应用等方面的新技术和新进展，总结了目前炸药研究和应用中采用的一些新思路，并对我国炸药技术的发展提出了建议。     

Synthesis of a novel fluorene-based conjugated polymer with pendent bulky caged adamantane moieties and its application in the detection of trace DNT explosives

A novel fluorene-based conjugated polymer with phenylene spacers and steric bulky adamantane moieties in side chains has been synthesized by palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactions. This design strategy offers several advantages for the detection of trace 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) vapor. The incorporation of the two groups into polymer side chains could retain an effective conjugation length and prevent the π-stacking of polymer chains. The detection of DNT vapor indicated that the polymer displayed higher fluorescence quenching sensitivity toward the explosives in films compared to reference polymers. The fluorescence quenching efficiency of the fluorescent polymer achieved 33.3% in 10 s and 71.1% in 60 s. The pathways or cavities generated by the two spacers are beneficial for the rapid diffusion of explosive vapor into the film interiors and increase the fluorescence quenching efficiency of the film.     

一锅法制备CL–20混合炸药的工艺研究

以CL–20为主体炸药,聚氨酯5702为黏结剂,Span60为表面活性剂,通过一锅造粒法制备了CL–20混合炸药。用单因素实验对影响CL–20混合炸药包覆效果和撞击感度的因素进行了研究,对包覆后的CL–20混合炸药的相关性能进行了测试,得到最佳工艺条件:水浴温度65℃,搅拌器电压为90 V,驱溶时间为1 h,2次加入溶剂的量与高聚物的质量比为4:1。     

Synthesis,characterization and fluorescence quenching of conjugated polymer containing triphenylamine group

Poly(triphenylamine-p-phenylenevinylene)s with two different end-groups were obtained through a Wittig polycondensation. The structures of two copolymers were characterized. Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra show the end-capped polymer emits intensive green light in both solution and film state. Their applications in the detection of nitro compounds were investigated, and the results show high fluorescence quenching sensitivity of the end-capped polymer towards o-nitrotoluene (o-NT). When the concentration of o-NT was 21.5 × 10^-3 mol/L, the fluorescence quenching reached 96%. Additionally, after the exposure of polymer film in three different quenchers such as dinitrotoluene (DNT), p-nitrobenzoquinone (p-BQ) and p-nitrotoluene (p-NT) for 600 s, its fluorescence quenching reached 93.6%, 11.5% and 77.9%, respectively. This kind of polymer has great advantages in preparation and may find applications in the detection of nitro explosives.     

萘酰亚胺类高聚物色素研究进展

综述了苯酰亚胺类高聚物色素研究进展,萘酰亚胺结构的特殊性和容易生成多种衍生物,使之成为研究较多的可荧光着色剂单体。烯丙基是这类可聚合色素单体主要的聚合基团．可以在萘酰亚胺分子的不同位置引入,形成多种结构。作为可聚合物单体,萘酰亚胺可以与苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯、丙烯腈等发生共聚反应,得到侧链带有荧光发色团的聚合物,该聚合物可应用于不同高新技术领域。     

Explosives Detection Using Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART) Mass Spectrometry

The growing use of explosives by terrorists and criminals creates a need for instrumentation which can rapidly analyze these energetic compounds, preferably on site. Direct analysis in real time (DART) is a promising technology for surface analysis with little or no sample preparation. Therefore, DART ionization is evaluated for use in detecting explosives on solid substrates and in liquid matrices. Fifteen explosives were chosen as a consequence of their common usage. Five surfaces were chosen to represent a wide range of physical properties such as composition, porosity, surface morphology, and thermal and electrical conductivity. Additionally these surfaces are commonly found in everyday surroundings. All 75 compound‐surface combinations produced a clear, easily identifiable, mass spectra characteristic of the targeted analyte. Simultaneous detection of five explosives is demonstrated on these same surfaces. Lastly, rapid detection of trace contamination in common fluids is also explored.     

Quantifying Trace 2,4,6‐Trinitrotoluene (TNT) in Polymer Microspheres

Well characterized test materials are essential for validating the performance of current trace explosive detection systems. Explosive encapsulated microspheres have proven to be a valuable test material for trace explosive detection because of their precise size, shape, and composition. Presented herein is the quantification of explosives in the polymer microspheres by high performance liquid chromatography with UV/Vis detection (HPLC‐UV/Vis). A size exclusion separation is employed to quantify the amount of explosive encapsulated in cured microspheres. Complete quantification was achieved by simultaneously separating and quantifying the explosive and polymer components. Results indicate that approximately 30 % of the TNT is lost in the manufacturing of the microspheres and subsequent loss from the cured microspheres is minimal if stored at 4 °C.     

检测硝基芳烃化合物的荧光聚合物薄膜的研究

介绍了爆炸物的检测技术和痕量检测技术,综述了荧光聚合物检测TNT的原理,以及检测硝基芳烃化合物荧光聚合物传感器的研究进展,对其发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。     

高聚物粘结炸药平面应变断裂韧度实验研究

介绍了高聚物粘结炸药平面应变断裂韧度 K1c的测试方法 ,对三种高聚物粘结炸药 JOB- 90 0 3、JO- 915 9、JB- 90 14在常温下的K1c值进行了测试。测试结果分别为 :0 .2 4± 0 .0 1MPa·m1/ 2、0 .17± 0 .0 1MPa· m1/ 2、0 .37± 0 .0 1MPa·m1/ 2 ,显示出 JB- 90 14具有相对较强的抗裂纹扩展能力。文章同时讨论了三种高聚物粘结炸药 K1c值与其常规力学性能如拉伸应力应变曲线、蠕变曲线测试结果的一致性 ,还从材料组成的角度 ,分析揭示了 JB- 90 14具有较大 K1c值的主要原因在于 JB- 90 14所用粘结剂为 F2 314     

Technical Note: A New Deconvolution Scheme for the Retrieval of True DMA Transfer Function from Tandem DMA Data

Experiments were conducted to determine particle removal efficiencies from surfaces due to air jet impingement. We utilize monodisperse fluorescent polymer spheres ranging from 1 μm to 45 μm diameter distributed on polycarbonate surfaces and muslin cloth. Particle removal efficiencies are determined from cloth that simulates clothing or fabrics, surfaces important for trace explosives detection. Optical images of the sample surface are taken using a fluorescence microscope (488 nm radiation) before and after being challenged by a pulsed air or nitrogen jet. The jet is oriented at 45 degrees with respect to the particle laden substrate and is precisely aligned onto the center of the optical axis of the microscope. Particle removal rates are determined by automated particle counting implemented by image processing and analysis. We found that the cloth surface has a release rate comparable to the rate for polycarbonate surface under similar jet conditions. As expected, there is a particle size dependence on removal efficiency, with larger particles being more easily removed.