并联式混合动力汽车控制策略及其发动机的优化

对并联式混合动力汽车的控制策略和节油机理进行了分析。分析了混合动力汽车发动机的工作特性,并针对混合动力汽车发动机的快速起动／停机特性分析综述了其对混合动力汽车经济性、排放性能、驾驶性和舒适性的影响。介绍了Atkinson燃烧循环在混合动力汽车上的应用,并针对混合动力汽车发动机本身的效率区域优化进行了分析综述。     

长安混合动力汽车的排放实验与仿真分析

本文以长安混合动力车为研究对象，借助仿真软件Advisor对长安混合动力汽车在典型工况下的排放进行理论研究与仿真分析。并完成了长安混合动力汽车的排放分析实验，对其稳态和瞬态下的排放进行实验与仿真的对比性分析研究。     

电气工程及自动化控制技术在混合动力汽车领域中的应用北大核心CSCD

伴随中国交通业的发展，能源危机及环境污染问题持续加剧，为了减轻车辆运行对环境的危害，同时降低能耗，混合动力汽车应运而生。近年来，在电子自动化技术的支持下，混合动力汽车制造技术及设计理念创新发展，整车性能得到进一步提升，在车辆生产制造方面取得了质的突破。内燃机作为混合动力汽车的主要构件，对其进行电气自动化控制研究十分必要。应依照混合动力汽车实际情况，结合内燃机电子控制自动化技术发展趋势，加强内燃机设计及制造中电气自动化技术的应用，实现混动汽车核心构件的智能操控，在持续发展的过程中寻求创新及突破，促进中国交通业的可持续发展。     

长安混合动力汽车的排放实验与仿真分析

本文以长安混合动力车为研究对象,借助仿真软件Advisor对长安混合动力汽车在典型工况下的排放进行理论研究与仿真分析.并完成了长安混合动力汽车的排放分析实验,对其稳态和瞬态下的排放进行实验与仿真的对比性分析研究.     

丰田混合动力汽车驱动系统结构分析及性能研究

对丰田最新推出的混合动力（PRIUS）汽车动力部分进行研究，分析其驱动装置的结构和工作特点，研究各工况发动机与电动机的工作状态和交换方式，进行丰田混合动力汽车发动机、电动机的工作状况、蓄电池的充电情况等实用性的仿真，为混合动力汽车的进一步开发提供必要的技术支持。     

并联式混合动力汽车的基本控制策略和实时控制策略的比较分析

基于上海市道路行驶工况,采用对混合动力汽车性能仿真的方法,对混合动力汽车的基本控制策略和实时控制策略进行了比较分析。结果表明：基本控制策略主要针对混合动力系统的经济性能,是一种对发动机良好工作区域控制的方法,具有简单易行的特点;实时控制策略主要针对混合动力系统的经济性能和排放性能特别是NOx放性能,对发动机工作点进行了实时优化控制,更为全面和精确。     

增程式混合动力商用车系统匹配及仿真研究

以某增程式混合动力商用车为例,对主要部件进行了计算选型。在此基础上采用GT-SUITE软件搭建了整车模型,最终进行整车匹配仿真计算。仿真研究表明,增程式混合动力汽车在合理设计下可以满足整车的动力性要求,同时相比传统燃油车,增程式混合动力汽车可大幅度降低整车油耗,其中中国货车行驶工况(CHTC-HT)节油率可达26. 09%。     

基于丰田混合动力汽车的电网发电系统研究

为保证汽车的正常行驶，混合动力汽车配有大容量电机和逆变器。文中研究了在发生地震及类似紧急情况时利用汽车的混合动力系统提供紧急电源，利用混合动力汽车现有的驱动电机和逆变器，通过电机中性点向电网输出大容量电力，并在丰田Prius轿车上进行实验。     

政府激励消费者购买混合动力汽车的政策影响分析

本文根据消费者效用理论建立了混合动力汽车销售量函数,用以分析影响消费者购买的因素,并使用多元回归模型检验了政府出台的激励政策与混合动力汽车销售量的关系,以说明各激励政策对混合动力汽车销售量不同的影响效果。结果表明,中国目前出台的激励政策对混合动力汽车的销售量有一定影响,其中货币形式的激励政策的影响最显著。针对上述分析结果,本文对政府如何促进中国混合动力汽车市场的产业化提出政策建议。     

混合动力电动汽车进入实用化的关键因素

随着石油与环境问题的日益突出以及短时期内无法解决的电动汽车技术问题，全球几乎所有的汽车厂商都在投入巨资对混合动力汽车进行开发和生产，并取得了阶段性的成功。但在混合动力汽车实用化、商品化方面所取得的进展却不尽人意。因此一部分人对混合动力汽车能否大规模占领市场或成为未来几十年内汽车市场的主流产品而产生怀疑。为此该文提出了若干个可以决定混合动力汽车充分发展、实现商品化的技术与非技术因素，并通过较为详实的分析得出，只要把握好这几个技术与市场的关键因素，混合动力汽车是完全可以进入实用阶段的。     

发动机转向泵液压油温度影响因素的探讨

使用不同型号液压油、不同容积油罐和不同公称排量转向泵,对发动机转向泵液压油温度影响因素进行道路试验分析。结果表明,在满足系统效率及润滑效果的情况下,适当减小液压油粘度,可降低液压油温升;加大油罐储油量,可降低液压油温升;在满足使用功率的条件下,适当减小转向泵公称排量,减少无用功,可降低液压油温升。     

薄壁套液压夹紧夹具设计

对套筒类零件各种内孔夹紧夹具进行了优缺点分析，介绍了一种新型薄壁套液压夹紧夹具，使用时在夹具本体与薄壁弹性套之间充入液压油，薄壁弹性套受压膨胀，由于薄壁套能在整个接触面内均匀膨胀，所以在整个工件内孔夹紧长度内能够实现均衡夹紧，能有效降低夹紧压力，减小工件夹紧变形，提高工件加工精度，所加工的零件外圆没有因工装局部应力过大造成的花瓣状圆度及鼓型圆柱度形状公差，经实践证明液压薄壁夹紧夹具提高了所加工件的尺寸精度及形状精度。     

Cars with hybrid drive and elektrocarsa way to decision of the ecological problems in Uzbekistan

At present in Uzbekistan are used more then 900 thousand passenger cars and annual surge its in atmosphere poisoning gas forms more, than 20 tons. Herewith disperses them several hundred of a thousands of the tons organic fuel. The research is connected with increasing of ecological safety of the transport facilities, saving resource fuel and searching for of the ways in their realization (Novikov Y, Beknazov R. Environmental the guard. Tashkent 1992; 295. [1]]. The priority direction is a creation ecological clean transport facilities, for example, cars with hybrid drive and electric cars (Stone J. (1998). Electric motor with oil cooling in hybrid drive of the car. Auto industry overseas (Eureka transfers technology). No. 1, pp. 5–7. [2]].The technological model of the car is offered with hybrid drive with built-in in hub wheel the electric motor. The main source to electric powers of the car serves the storage battery. The charger for storage battery is internal combustion engine connected with generator of the direct current. In addition in car are installed micro turbine, working from pair of the high pressure and silicon photovoltaic converter (PV system) evenly located on surface of the roof, front and back hoods. They are also connected with storage battery. Herewith traditional lamps of the illumination are replaced on electroluminescent radiators.     

Energy-Saving Design for Hydraulic Tube Bender

Generally speaking, hydraulic control systems can be divided into two different driving concepts. The first one is the well-known hydraulic valve-controlled system and the second one is the pump-controlled system. The former possesses the feature of fast dynamic response. However, the poor energy-saving performance is its major fault. On the contrary, the hydraulic pump-controlled system has the significant advantage of energy-saving which meets the current demand in modem machine design. In this paper, the simulation analysis using MatLab/SimuLink and DSHplus software for a newly developed energy-saving hydraulic tube bender is conducted. Instead of the conventional fixed displacement hydraulic pump, the new hydraulic tube bender utilizes an internal gear pump with AC servomotor as its driving power source. In the new energy-saving hydraulic circuit, the use of conventional pressure relief valve and unloading valve are no longer necessary since the demanded flow-rate and pressure output can be precisely obtained by continuously changing the speed of the AC servomotor. In addition, two closed-loop control schemes using fuzzy sliding-mode controller are adopted and compared. To compare the energy-saving control systems, such as load-sensing control system, constant supply pressure control scheme and conventional hydraulic control scheme. Furthermore, the simulation results also show that the newly developed hydraulic tube bender can save up to 43% of energy consumption in a working cycle as compared to the conventional hydraulic tube bender.     

Statistical Analysis and Energy Planning of Electric Power Supply Systems with Intelligent Control

The study presents possibilities for reconstruction of electric power supply systems in Bulgarian Black Sea resorts and possibilities to use statistical methods in energy planning. The paper shows the use of classic statistical methods in combination with advanced digital measurement systems in order to obtain the correlation dependencies, nature of energy consumption and opportunities for energy forecasting. The main purpose of the study is to obtain statistical dependencies of the nature of power consumption and correlations between electricity consumption and ambient temperature in order to improve the accuracy of energy planning. The analysis includes application of energy management systems for proper energy planning, improving economical efficiency and reducing power and energy losses.     

Field Method Research for Leak-off Coefficient Analysis Using Instantaneous Shut-in Pressure

The accurate monitor and prediction of fracturing pressure for formation is very important to hydraulic fracturing treatment operation, but whether hydraulic fracturing is successful or not, the fracturing fluid plays a very important role, leak-off coefficient is the most leading parameters of fracturing fluids. Mini-frac test was the most commonly used tools for leak-off coefficient analysis, but it has the shortcoming of time-consuming and costly that can not meet the requirement of the production. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce a simple and convenient leak off coefficient analysis method with more inexpensive and time-saving than former methods. Based on ISIP （instantaneous shut-in pressure） method, a new field method of leak off coefficient field analysis model was presented. According to twice ISIP of the fracturing treatment in field operation, therefore, fluid leak off coefficient and formation characteristic can be studied quickly and reliably. More than 40 wells were fractured using this field method. The results show that average liquid rates of post-fracturing was 20 m3/d which double improvement compared with the past treatment wells. It had an important role for fracturing treatments in low permeability used in field application. reservoirs, the new model for real time analysis and adjust is successful     

Electromagnetic Fields and Induced Voltages on Underground Pipeline in the Vicinity of AC Traction System

Various regulations, aimed at the protection of human beings and electrical equipment against possible adverse effects resulting from exposure to electromagnetic fields, have been issued in many countries. Most of them are based on safety guidelines published by international expert groups. In this paper, electric and magnetic fields are calculated in the vicinity of 25 kV traction line supplying railway traction systems. Calculation results are compared to exposure limits specified by safety guidelines and regulations. Possible countermeasures for reduction of electromagnetic fields are proposed. Also, this paper presents a method for calculation of the induced voltages to an underground gas pipeline from a neighbouring 25 kV electric traction overhead line in case of short circuit. Calculations are performed with EMTP-ATP software. Possible countermeasures for reduction of induced voltages are proposed.     

Techno-economic comparison of series hybrid, plug-in hybrid, fuel cell and regular cars

We examine the competitiveness of series hybrid compared to fuel cell, parallel hybrid, and regular cars. We use public domain data to determine efficiency, fuel consumption, total costs of ownership and greenhouse gas emissions resulting from drivetrain choices. The series hybrid drivetrain can be seen both as an alternative to petrol, diesel and parallel hybrid cars, as well as an intermediate stage towards fully electric or fuel cell cars.We calculate the fuel consumption and costs of four diesel-fuelled series hybrid, four plug-in hybrid and four fuel cell car configurations, and compared these to three reference cars. We find that series hybrid cars may reduce fuel consumption by 34-47%, but cost €5000-12,000 more. Well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions may be reduced to 89-103 g CO₂ km⁻¹ compared to reference petrol (163 g km⁻¹) and diesel cars (156 g km⁻¹). Series hybrid cars with wheel motors have lower weight and 7-21% lower fuel consumption than those with central electric motors.The fuel cell car remains uncompetitive even if production costs of fuel cells come down by 90%. Plug-in hybrid cars are competitive when driving large distances on electricity, and/or if cost of batteries come down substantially. Well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions may be reduced to 60-69 g CO₂ km⁻¹.     

活塞环数控车床控制系统设计

针对活塞环自由型线的加工特点,介绍了笔者研制的新型活塞环全数控加工设备的控制系统工作原理和结构方案。     

改善车用涡轮增压发动机转矩特性的措施研究

在分析涡轮增压发动机低速转矩矩不足和瞬态响应特性较差原因的基础上,提出运用小型涡轮技术、双级增压系统、进气旁通增压系统、排气旁通增压系统、可变喷嘴环流通截面涡轮增压系统、节流阀式涡轮增压系统、双蜗壳通道涡轮增压系统、电子辅助涡轮增压（EAT）系统与涡轮、机械双增压（TSI）系统是改善涡轮增压发动机转矩特性的有效措施。