集中式高校食堂设计的几点思考

以两个建成的集中式高校食堂为例,探讨了集中式高校食堂的功能构成、流线设计、空间及停车组织,并分析了集中式高校食堂的利与弊.     

HACCP体系在我国高校食堂食品安全管理中的应用探讨

高校食堂的食品安全问题直接关系到广大师生的饮食健康和生命安全，是社会关注的焦点问题，备受各级政府和高校管理者等各方面的重视。分析了高校食堂食品安全管理的现存问题，探讨了如何运用危害分析与关键控制点原理将HACCP体系引入高校食堂管理体系，提出了HACCP体系在高校食堂食品安全管理中应用的具体措施，形成了食品加工危害分析表并建立了HACCP体系计划表，从而可以有效地促进高校食堂食品安全管理水平的提升。     

高校食堂的计算机管理

研制开发了高校食堂计算机持卡售饭系统，改变了传统的售饭窗口钱票流通方式，使后勤管理水平和食堂服务质量得到了提高。     

高校食堂餐饮满意度研究

随着社会生活水平的进步和学生消费需求的提高,高校食堂不断加强自身建设,并进行了社会化改革,引进社会资源参与食堂经营与管理,目的是改善食堂餐饮,满足师生就餐需求,但大多数师生对食堂的餐饮满意度仍然不高。文章通过总结国内外餐饮满意度的研究现状分析了高校学生对食堂餐饮满意度不高的原因,探究了高校食堂提升餐饮满意度的措施,旨在为高校更好地经营管理食堂提供参考。     

福州大学城高校食堂总体规划的生态设计反思

在调研福州大学城部分高校学生食堂总体设计的基础上,分析了福州大学城部分高校食堂在总体设计的生态设计上存在的问题,并结合福州地区的气候、地域特点,提出了注重高校食堂选址及类型设置的人性化设计,注重高校食堂室外空间环境的节能设计及室外空间环境的可持续设计等多项“适宜技术”的生态设计策略。     

高校食堂服务满意度及其提升研究——以常州大学为例

高校食堂在高校日常工作中起到基础保障作用。伴随高校食堂社会化改革与食堂就餐人员期望的提高,不断提高食堂服务满意度显得尤为重要。采用访谈法与问卷调查法,构建出食堂服务满意度测评工具,并采用随机方式对常州大学食堂就餐人员施测,发现研究对象食堂总体服务满意度为3．16,略高于评价尺度的中间值。采用四分法研究出高校食堂服务提升的关键项目与对策,认为有待改善区项目是其关注重点内容,并主张高校食堂服务满意度调查的动态化与常规化。     

应用HACCP体系保障高校食堂食品安全

为保障高校师生在校期间的饮食安全和身体健康,文章分析了HACCP体系在高校食堂中的应用,首先对高校食堂食品加工过程中的每个环节进行危害分析,以确定关键控制点,并根据每一个CCP点提出相应的预防措施,最终制定出HACCP计划,确保高校食堂食品加工达到安全水平。     

高校食堂管理水平提升策略

随着高校的发展,师生对饮食要求的提高,高校食堂现有的操作技术和服务水平已不能很好地满足师生群体的要求。高校食堂的管理应在现有技术和服务功能不足的基础上进行不断研究和探索,强化和提升食堂管理体系和各种功能。通过食品安全、菜肴种类与质量、销售服务等方面的研究和探索,可推动和提高高校食堂管理水平和可持续发展。     

基于博弈论的高校大宗物资招投标研究

依据不完全信息静态博弈基本理论,研究了招投标方式在当下高校食堂大宗物资采购中的应用。简述博弈论的相关理论,概括了当前国内高校食堂在食品原料采购中的问题,并分析了用招投标方式解决高校食堂原材料采购问题的优势及可能性。依据不完全信息静态博弈原理,建立招投标模型,就模型所得最优报价原理分析高校招标方与企业投标方应做出何种决策才能使得自身收益达到最大。     

高校食堂加强食品安全管理的对策

近年来,随着高校后勤社会化的不断深入和发展,高校食堂引进社会资源经营与管理已经成为常态。社会餐饮公司的进入丰富了高校食堂食品的品种,并且整体质量水平也得到很大的提高,但校园内的食品安全事件仍然时有发生。文章在对高校食堂食品安全问题进行深入研究的基础上,探究深层次的原因并提出干预的策略。     

Low temperature synthesis of SiCN nanostructures

Silicon carbon nitride (SiCN) nanowires, nanorods and nanotubes have gained much attention due to their excellent field emission and photoluminescence properties. These nanostructures were usually grown using catalysts at high temperature (800―1000℃). In this paper, synthesis of SiCN nanostruc-tures at a temperature less than 500℃ is reported. Various kinds of SiCN nanostructures were synthe-sized using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition method. Gas mixtures of CH4, H2 and N2 were used as precursors and Si chips were inserted in the sample holder at symmetrical positions around the specimen as additional Si sources. Metallic gallium was used as the liquid medium in a mechanism similar to vapor-liquid-solid. Morphologies of the resultant were characterized by field emission scan-ning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize their compositions and bonding states.     

Preparation of Sialon powder from coal gasification slag

X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF),X-ray powder diffractometry(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were used to characterize the chemical composition,phase constituent and microstructure of the coal gasification slag.Sialon powders were synthesized by carbothermal reduction and nitridation using the coal gasification slag as raw materials.The experimental results showed that glass and amorphous carbon were the main phases,quartz and calcite as minor crystalline phases were also presented in porous coal gasification slag.Main constituents of coal gasification slag were SiO2,Al2O3,CaO and residual carbon.Sialon powder with Ca-α-Sialon as main crystalline phase can be synthesized when coal gasification slag powders were reduced and nitrided at 1500 ℃ for 9 h using nitrogen flow of 500 ml/min.The coal gasification slag is a valuable and economic starting material for preparing Sialon powders.     

阻燃剂PTA的制备以及在腈纶上的应用研究

以季戊四醇磷酸酯(PEPA)、三乙醇胺(TEA)为原料,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,甲苯为带水剂,合成了多组分膨胀型阻燃剂(PTA).以腈纶织物的垂直燃烧损毁炭长为考察指标,考察了三乙醇胺与季戊四醇磷酸酯的质量比、反应时间、催化剂用量、阻燃剂浓度、焙烘温度、焙烘时间等因素对织物损毁炭长的影响.确定了最佳反应条件:m(TEA)m(PEPA)=1.7 1,催化剂用量为季戊四醇磷酸酯和三异丙醇胺总质量的1%,反应温度为136℃,反应时间4 h;在阻燃剂浓度为250 g·L-1、150℃的条件下焙烘2 min,阻燃腈纶织物的阻燃效果显著,达到B1级.     

Preparation and characterization of antibacterial Zn<Superscript>2+</Superscript>-exchanged montmorillonites

Zn-montmorillonites(Zn-MMTs) as antibacterial compounds were prepared by an ion-exchange reaction. The reaction time, initial pH value and molar ratios of CEC influencing zinc content in Zn-MMTs were investigated, and Zn-MMTs were characterized by means of EDX, XRD, XPS, and SEM. The results of bacterial growth tests were confirmed by determination of the minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). The experimental results show that the zinc is confirmed as bivalent zinc state, the d ₀₀₁ basal spacing of Zn-MMTs is enlarged with the enhancement of the zinc content, and the particles of Zn-MMTs are formed with irregular shape. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of Zn-MMTs increases with increasing the zinc content, and Zn-MMT-3 containing 6.76 mass% of zinc exhibits optimum antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The intercalated zinc ions act as very effective antibacterial substances in the long term.     

大数据技术研究综述

大数据的产生给海量信息处理技术带来新的挑战.为了更全面深入地了解大数据的内涵,从大数据的概念特征、一般处理流程、关键技术三个方面进行详细阐述.分析了大数据的产生背景,简述了大数据的基本概念、典型的4“V”特征以及重点应用领域;归纳总结了大数据处理的一般流程,针对其中的关键技术,如MapReduce、GFS、BigTable、Hadoop以及数据可视化等,介绍了基本的处理过程和组织结构;具体分析指出了大数据时代所面临的问题与挑战.     

改性碳纳米管/高密度聚乙烯复合材料正温度系数性能

以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为基体,改性的碳纳米管(CNTs)为导电填料,采用熔融法制备正温度系数(positive temperature coefficient,PTC)复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜和热敏电阻曲线测试仪以及冲击试验机等,观察CNTs/HDPE复合材料的微观形貌,研究PTC效应随CNTs含量变化规律及对力学性能的影响。结果表明:CNTs在HDPE基体中分散性较好;当CNTS含量在体积分数为9%时,CNTs/HDPE复合材料的室温电阻率为102?·cm,PTC强度达4个数量级;HDPE基体中加入经过表面修饰过的CNTs后,复合材料的力学性能明显提高。当CNTs的体积含量在8%时,复合材料的冲击性能较纯HDPE提高了93%。     

A novel collector RL for flotation of bauxite

The flotation properties of single minerals such as diaspore, kaolinite and pyrophllite in bauxites were investigated using RL as collector. The effects of regulators and unavoidable ions on flotation were studied. Based on the results of single minerals flotation, the separation experiments of mixed minerals and bauxite ore were carried out. The results of closed circuit test on the ore show that, using RL as collector, Na2CO3 and (NaPO3)6 as modifiers, the grade of Al2O3 and SiO2 are respectively 70.74% and 6.37% in concentrate(Al/Si 11.11 ), and the recovery of Al2O3 can reach 90.52 %.     

FHA bioceramic composite materials enhanced by ZrO2

Experiments for investigating the problem to improve the mechanical properties of FHA [Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆F(OH)] biomaterial have been presented in this paper. ZrO₂ micro-particle, as strengthening phase, is added into FHA matrix material to make a composite biomaterial. Various mechanical properties were tested. Distribution behaviour of ZrO₂ particle in sintered material and phase structure changes of material at elevated temperature were investigated by means of X-ray and SEM. Some biologic experiments were also carried out on animals to estimate the biological function of the composite material. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Synopsis of the first author Ruan Jianmin, associate professor, born in 1957, specializing in powder metallurgy as well as bioceramic materials     

Determination of volumetric changes at an underground stone mine: a photogrammetry case study

Photogrammetry, as a tool for monitoring underground mine deformation, is an alternative to traditional point measurement devices, and may be capable of accurate measurements in situations where technologies such as laser scanning are unsuited, undesired, or cost-prohibitive. An underground limestone mine in Ohio is used as a test case for monitoring of structurally unstable pillars. Seven pillars were photographed over in a 63 day period, punctuated by four visits. Using photogrammetry, point clouds of the mine geometry were obtained and triangulation surfaces were generated to determine volumes of change over time. Pillar spalling in the range of 0.29–4.03 m³ of rock on individual rib faces was detected. Isolated incidents of rock expansion prior to failure, and the isolated failure of a weak shale band were also observed. Much of the pillars remained unchanged during the monitoring period, which is indicative of proper alignment in the triangulated surfaces. The photographs of some ribs were of either too poor quality or had insufficient overlap, and were not included. However, photogrammetry was successfully applied to multiple ribs in quantifying the pillar geometry change over time.     

Thermodynamic reassessment of Ga-Hg and Mg-Hg systems

The Ga-Hg binary system was thermodynamically assessed by the CALPHAD method, but only configuration contributions were considered to the entropy of the liquid. The Mg-Hg binary system has not been assessed yet. In the assessments of the Ga-Hg and Mg-Hg binary systems, solutions including liquid and hcp (Mg) were treated as substitution solutions, of which the excess Gibbs energies were formulated with the Relich-Kister polynomial. The intermetallic phases in the Mg-Hg binary system, Mg₃Hg, Mg₅Hg₂, Mg₂Hg, Mg₅Hg₃, MgHg, and MgHg₂, were described as stoichiometric compounds. Based on the reported experimental data and thermodynamic properties of the phase diagram, sets of self-consistent parameters describing all phases in the Ga-Hg and the Mg-Hg binary systems were obtained.