Fe_3O_4/P(St-CBA)核壳磁性复合微球的制备及性质

运用分散聚合法制备出Fe3O4 /P(St -CBA)核壳磁性复合微球。该微球粒径为 0 .0 75～0 .70 0 μm、w(Fe3O4 ) =0 .0 5 %～ 0 .90 % ,呈规整球型 ,表面光滑 ,在 0 .0 5T磁场中的磁响应性为3.0cm/min。制备微球的最佳条件为 :w(磁流体 ) =0 .5 %～ 3 .0 %、w(马来酸酐 ) =0 .0 %～2 .0 %、w(无水乙醇 ) =30 .0 %～ 70 .0 %。     

沉积法制备Fe_3O_4/P(AA-DVB)磁性复合微球

通过静电吸附与机械力共同作用的沉积法制备得到了Fe3O4/P(AA-DVB)磁性复合微球。分别采用无皂乳液聚合和共沉淀法制备得到单分散的P(AA-DVB)胶体粒子及Fe3O4纳米粒子,在静电吸附和机械力作用下,将Fe3O4纳米粒子附着并嵌入P(AA-DVB)胶体粒子表面及内部,制备得到Fe3O4/P(AA-DVB)磁性复合微球。该方法的优势在于最终磁性复合微球的粒径及粒径分布可以由前驱体P(AA-DVB)胶体粒子调控。磁性复合微球表面和内部Fe3O4纳米粒子的分布及磁含量可以由机械力作用时间进行调节。所制备的Fe3O4/P(AA-DVB)磁性复合微球平均粒径为542 nm,磁含量范围在11%~33%内可调。     

多孔Fe_3O_4/C磁性复合微球的制备及其对RhB的吸附性能

以油酸同步修饰共沉淀法制备的Fe3O4为铁磁性原料,通过悬浮聚合的方法制备Fe3O4/PDVB磁性复合微球,氮气氛围下烧结最终得到了具有多孔结构的Fe3O4/C磁性复合微球。采用SEM、TGA、VSM及压汞仪等手段对复合微球的形貌、磁性能和孔性能等进行了表征。结果表明,微球平均粒径约为120μm,磁含量和最大比饱和磁化强度分别为49.29%和39.31 emu/g,平均孔径和累积比表面积分别为382.5 nm和21.41 m2/g。将制得的多孔Fe3O4/C磁性复合微球用于罗丹明B(RhB)的吸附研究,微球表现出了良好的吸附效果和重复使用性。     

中空多孔磁性Fe3O4/纤维素/海泡石微球异相Fenton催化降解亚甲基蓝

为开发一种高效可循环利用的磁性生物质基催化剂，以微晶纤维素和纳米Fe3O4为原料，采用包埋法制得Fe3O4/纤维素（Fe3O4/MCC）溶液，将海泡石（SEP）掺入至Fe3O4/MCC中，制得磁性纤维素/海泡石复合微球（Fe3O4/MCC/SEP）。通过SEM、FTIR、VSM等对磁性微球的形貌、化学结构及磁性能进行了表征，探讨了微球作为芬顿催化剂对亚甲基蓝（MB）染料的降解效果及机理。结果表明，Fe3O4/MCC/SEP微球呈现出优异的中空多孔结构和超顺磁性。当MB浓度为10 mg/L、pH为3、Fe3O4/MCC/SEP的投入量为0.02 g，H2O2用量为5 mL时，反应240 min对MB的Fenton催化降解率高达99%。此外，经过5次循环利用后，对MB的降解率仍达83%。     

Fe_3O_4/P(AA-MMA-GMA)磁性复合微球的制备及其偶联抗体的性能

采用新型的无皂乳液聚合法制备磁性复合微球,即以丙烯酸(AA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为单体,1,1-二苯基乙烯为自由基控制剂,无皂乳液聚合制备了一种磁性复合微球Fe3O4/P(AA-MMA-GMA)。以所制备的Fe3O4/P(AA-MMA-GMA)微球为载体,通过共价偶联山羊抗兔IgG抗体,得到了一种免疫磁性复合微球。研究表明,Fe3O4/P(AA-MMA-GMA)微球表面带有环氧基,粒径为626nm,具有超顺磁性。0.5mgFe3O4/P(AA-MMA-GMA)微球与200μg山羊抗兔IgG抗体在pH=7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液中于25℃反应16h,可得到一种免疫磁性复合微球,其山羊抗兔IgG的偶联量为124μg,且该免疫磁性复合微球可特异性结合兔抗肌动蛋白α。     

荧光磁性双功能Fe3O4@PHEMA-Tb微球的制备及其蛋白固定化

以甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯为单体,N,N￠-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用光化学方法在Fe3O4磁性液体中制备了磁性聚甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯微球,合成了含有稀土元素Tb的荧光磁性高分子微球,以牛血清白蛋白为模型对微球固定释放蛋白能力进行了研究,用VSM, PCS, FT-IR, TG-DTA, SEM, FS, UV-Vis等技术对微球的性能进行了表征. 结果表明,荧光磁性高分子微球粒径为29.6 nm,比饱和磁化强度为40.1 emu/g,变异系数为3.7%,具有超顺磁性荧光性,分散性好,呈圆球形,对蛋白的装载率和包封率分别为6.5%和74.7%,pH越低蛋白释放率越高.     

Pickering乳液聚合制备共价键连接的磁性复合微球

以先后用TEOS和KH570改性的表面含双键的Fe3O4纳米粒子为唯一乳化剂,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为单体,制备了稳定的Pickering乳液,并通过Pickering乳液聚合制备了以PMMA为核、Fe3O4为壳的Fe3O4/PMMA磁性复合微球。用粒度分析仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、傅立叶红外光谱仪、热失重分析仪、振动样品磁强计对所制备的改性Fe3O4纳米粒子和磁性复合微球的结构、形态和性能进行了表征。结果表明:通过Fe3O4表面双键与单体的共聚,使微球表面的Fe3O4通过化学键与PMMA连接,所制备磁性复合微球粒径为15～20μm、磁含量为4.9%、比饱和磁化强度为2.38emu.g-1,可在外磁场下方便地分离。     

环氧基多孔磁性复合微球的制备及性质

以聚醚为致孔剂,通过悬浮聚合法制备了表面带有环氧基的多孔磁性复合微球。用红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、磁强计(VSM)、压汞法等对其进行了表征,考察了分散剂质量分数对多孔磁性微球性能的影响。结果表明,该微球粒径为35～50μm,表面有不规则孔道,w(Fe3O4)≈15.8%,饱和磁化强度8.98 emu/g。水相中w(PVA)由1.5%升至3%时,微球平均粒径由130μm变为40μm,而平均孔径亦由144 nm降为39 nm。     

正交试验优化核壳型Fe3O4@SiO2磁性复合微球的制备工艺

采用共沉淀法和溶胶-凝胶法制备了磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子及核壳型Fe3O4@SiO2复合微球,利用红外光谱(FTIR)技术测定了微球表面基团,证明了SiO2确实在Fe3O4纳米粒子的表面形成了包覆层。通过正交试验设计,利用激光粒度仪测量的微球粒径为指标,考察TEOS与磁性微球的体积比、反应温度、反应时间和乙醇浓度四因素对微球粒径的影响。结果表明TEOS与磁性微球的体积比为2、反应温度为80℃、反应时间为4 h,乙醇浓度为80%是制备大粒径Fe3O4@SiO2磁性复合微球的适宜条件。     

大蒜素/海藻酸钠/明胶/壳聚糖复合微球的制备及性能

以大蒜素为模型药物,采用复凝聚法制备了海藻酸钠/明胶/壳聚糖复合微球,考察了不同条件对微球溶胀性、载药性能和缓释性能等指标的影响。结果表明,明胶和海藻酸钠(质量比为1∶3)为2%,大蒜素投入量与混合胶比为1∶2时,制备的载药微球(DSGCM)外形规则,粒径分布在0.8~0.9mm之间,载药量为24.3%,包封率为69.4%,复合微球具有p H敏感性,在p H=7.4介质中微球溶胀率达到450%,药物释放过程符合Higuchi方程,明胶的加入可以延缓DSGCM复合微球的药物释放性能。     

Controlling absorbency in gelatin networks: Preparation and characterization of alkylated,crosslinked gelatin

Gelatin is a highly abundant and relatively inexpensive protein which is used in a variety of gel applications including photography, drug delivery, microencapsulation, and food preparation. Control of network formation in gelatin may therefore provide methods of preparing protein gels tailored for specific applications. In this study, circular dichroism (CD), Raman, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies were used to characterize ordering processes which occur in gelatin and their relationship to absorbency. Ordering of the unmodified protein, studied as a function of concentration, temperature, and time after initial preparation, correlates inversely with absorbency. Chemical modification was used to control the absorbency and solubility of the protein gels. Alkylation of gelatin using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride causes substantial increases in water absorbency with degrees of substitution as low as 0.5%. Increases in saline swelling were observed only after additional modification of the alkylated gelatin with a nonionic polyoxyalkyleneamine crosslinking agent (Jeffamine®). Limiting the initial degree of substitution prior to crosslinking (to just below 1%) plays a key role in optimizing the absorbency and minimizing the dissolution of the gel in saline. The methods and principles used to manipulate the absorbency of gelatin may also find use for other natural protein systems. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68:281–292, 1998     

载5-氟尿嘧啶壳聚糖/明胶微粒的制备及药物释放性能

壳聚糖及明胶是生物相容性良好的高分子药物载体,制备载5-氟尿嘧啶壳聚糖/明胶微粒,并进行体外释药研究。以石蜡油为外相,壳聚糖/明胶为内相,用乳化交联法制备微粒,以吸附药量为指标,采用正交设计实验优化获得最佳制备条件,用红外光谱、SEM对最佳条件下制备的微粒进行表征。结果表明壳聚糖/明胶微粒的最佳制备条件如下:水油比1:7,壳聚糖/明胶浓度比1:3,乳化剂100.7mmol/L,乳化5min,乳化温度60℃,交联剂戊二醛用量5.5mmol/L,交联时间1h。在此条件下,载药微粒的载药量为34.93%,包封率为38.36%。红外光谱图表明壳聚糖/明胶微粒已负载5-氟尿嘧啶,SEM表明微粒成球状,表面较光滑。模拟胃肠释放表明,微粒具有一定的缓释性能。采用乳化交联法制备载5-氟尿嘧啶壳聚糖/明胶微粒方法简单,重现性好,且其体外释放实验显示出明显的缓释作用。     

Evaluation of isophorone diisocyanate crosslinked gelatin as a carrier for controlled delivery of drugs

The high solubility of gelatin in neutral, basic, and acidic biofluids may not promote a controlled drug delivery as a drug carrier. The present study reports the modification of the solubility and swellability of gelatin by crosslinking with hitherto uninvestigated isophorone diisocyanate to achieve controlled drug release characteristics. The crosslinked gelatin was insoluble and swellable in biofluids and analyzed by FT-IR and proton NMR, thermal analysis, swellability and biodegradability in simulated biofluids, X-ray diffraction, biocompatibility, and in vitro drug release kinetics and mechanism with 5-Fluorouracil as model drug. Crosslinking decreased the biodegradability and solubility, and enhanced the amorphous character of gelatin. The mild decrease in thermal stability of crosslinked gelatin was attributed to the urea linkage introduced. Drug release predominately occurred via anomalous transport mechanism with mild degradative diffusion. The observed results demonstrated that crosslinked gelatin can be used as a potential carrier to achieve controlled drug release.     

5-氟尿嘧啶/明胶纳米载药微球的制备及体外性能研究

目的：以5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)为模型药物,明胶为载体材料,制备5-氟尿嘧啶/明胶纳米载药微球,探究药物的缓释效果和抗肿瘤性能。方法：“单凝聚相法”制备明胶纳米载药微球;透射电镜（TEM）和粒径分析仪（DLS）分析纳米微球的形貌、粒径分布情况;计算其包封率和载药量,并对其体外缓释效果和抗肿瘤性能进行研究。结果：明胶纳米微球的表面形态良好,分散均一,平均粒径65.1?2.1 nm,明胶纳米微球的包封率为23.5?1.9 %,载药量为69.7?0.5 %;明胶微球具有良好的缓释性能,Higuchi方程对微球的体外药物释放情况拟合度较高。四甲基偶氮唑蓝实验结果表明,5-FU/明胶微球对胃癌细胞(SGC7901)具有明显的抑制作用。结论：5-FU/明胶微球缓释性好,抗肿瘤活性显著,可作为抗癌药物的缓释制剂。     

鱼明胶的功能特性与应用

明胶是一种由传统哺乳类动物产品,肉类加工副产品制得的部分水解蛋白。由于其独特的功能性质和合理的价格而在食品和医疗行业中广泛应用。因为安全、经济、宗教和其他原因,来源于鱼类加工下脚料的鱼明胶成为新的明胶替代材料。文章就鱼明胶的制备方法、风味和冻力、黏度、乳化性、起泡性、成膜性等功能性质进行介绍。另外,对其在食品、医药和其他行业的应用进行总结,目的是为进一步开发利用鱼明胶提供一定的理论依据。     

An In-depth Analysis of the Mechanical,Electrical, and Drug Release Properties of Gelatin–Starch Phase-Separated Hydrogels

Gelatin–starch-based phase-separated hydrogels were prepared in this study. Corn starch, soluble starch, and hydrated starch were used as the representative starches for the preparation of the hydrogels. Bright field microscopy suggested the formation of phase-separated hydrogels. An increase in the hydrophilic nature of the starch molecules resulted in decrease in the agglomeration of the starch particles within the gelatin matrices. Fourier transform infrared study confirmed the presence of starch particles within the hydrogels. X-ray diffraction studies suggested that the higher degree of crystallinity of corn starch and soluble starch was responsible for the comparative hydrophobic nature of these starch particles. Hydrated starch was found to be amorphous in nature and can be explained by the destruction of the intramolecular associative forces. Stress relaxation and creep recovery studies indicated predominant elastic nature of the hydrogels. Hydrated starch-containing hydrogels were firmer than corn starch and soluble starch because of the better miscibility of the hydrated starch particles within the gelatin matrices. The bulk resistance of the starch-containing hydrogels was higher. This was because of the capability of the starch particles to behave as dielectric medium. Incorporation of starch particles within the gelatin matrix was found to increase the polymer relaxation-mediated drug diffusion. Metronidazole-loaded hydrogels were found to have good antimicrobial activity.     

Gelatin and amylopectin-based phase-separated hydrogels: An in-depth analysis of the swelling,mechanical, electrical and drug release properties

The current study delineates the development of gelatin–amylopectin-based phase-separated hydrogels for drug delivery applications. Gelatin and amylopectin were used as the representative protein and polysaccharide phases, respectively. The hydrogels were prepared by adding different proportions of amylopectin to gelatin solutions and subsequently cross-linking the mixture using glutaraldehyde. Microscopic analysis showed formation of phase-separated hydrogels. Secondary structure of gelatin was conserved within the hydrogels. The presence of amylopectin drastically reduced the rate of water absorption by the hydrogels. Viscoelastic analysis using stress relaxation study suggested an increase in the viscous component of the hydrogels with the increase in the amylopectin content. After incorporating amylopectin within the gelatin hydrogel, even though the bulk resistance remained unaltered, there was a corresponding variation in the capacitive elements of the equivalent electrical models. The release of the drug from the hydrogels was diffusion mediated. Suitable mathematical models were used for the analysis of the swelling (Peleg’s model), viscoelastic (Weichert model), electrical (RQQ model) and drug release (Korsmeyer–Peppas and Peppas–Sahlin models) properties. The drug retained its antimicrobial activity within the hydrogels. An analysis of the results suggested that the developed hydrogels may be explored as matrices for controlled drug delivery applications.     

Biodegradable hollow fibres containing drug‐loaded nanoparticles as controlled release systems

A ‘multiple’ delivery system was studied, consisting of hollow microfibres containing drug‐loaded nanoparticles. Both fibres and nanoparticles are made of biodegradable polymers, so that the system does not need any surgical operation to be removed. The main advantage of the system is that it allows the contemporaneous release of different kinds of drugs. Copolymers of poly(lactic acid) and ?‐caprolactone were used for the preparation of the fibres through both wet and dry–wet spinning procedures. Two types of nanoparticles, gelatin and poly(DL ‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) nanoparticles, were prepared by simple water‐in‐oil and oil‐in‐water emulsions, respectively. Drugs such as dexamethasone and methotrexate were used to load the particles. The technique employed for the preparation of the nanoparticles filled fibres was described and the drug release characteristics of this system were investigated and compared with those of the free nanoparticles. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

惰胶的制备及鉴定

<正> 一、导言明胶是一种从动物的结缔组织或表皮组织的胶原部分水解出来的蛋白质大分子,它是感光胶片工业中所应用三种大宗原料之一。明胶在物理成熟时,是防止卤化银絮凝的保护胶体;在化学成熟时,是一种增感物质;在曝光时,是卤化银微晶体光解后生成     

Design of an antibacterial gelatin based on a covalent protein–protein coupling

An antibacterial peptide (AMP), i.e., nisin, was covalently bound to gelatin through a protein–protein coupling. Various reaction conditions were tested to study and optimize parameters of grafting e.g., orientation and density of AMP, which could impact the final antibacterial activity of the modified biopolymer. Modification was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy and zeta potential. The antibacterial activity of the nisin‐enriched gelatin was evaluated against two staphylococci bacterial strains, i.e., Staphylococus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. A higher activity was found for gelatin modified at pH = 7.4 revealing an influence of the nisin orientation on the protein antibacterial property. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41825.