选择性螯合滴定法测定镍的含量

提出分别用氟化物，Ｏｘａｌｉｃａｃｉｄ（Ｏｘａｌａｔｅ）和Ｎａ４Ｐ２Ｏ７掩蔽Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ｓｎ＾４，Ｚｒ＾４＋，Ｔｉ＾４＋，Ｎｂ＾５＋，∑ＲＥ＾３＋和Ｍｎ＾２＋等（一般常见金属离子，不干扰）用ＥＤＴＡ螯合Ｎｉ＾２＋，以ＣＸ（Ｈａｅｍａｔｏｘｙｌｉｎ）ＰＡＲ（４－（２－ｐｙｒｉｄｙａｚｏ）ｒｅｓｏｒｃｉｎｏｌ），ＭＧ（ＭａｌａｃｈｉｔｅＧｒｅｅｎ）为混合指示剂，用Ｃｕ＾２＋标准溶液返滴定法测定合金钢和     

用新的碘化法制造高纯度钛

探讨用激光熔覆技术制备ＺｒＯ２／Ｔｉ梯度功能材料的可行性。利用ＳＥＭ和ＥＰＭＡ分析激光熔覆层、过渡层、热影响区的组织形貌和各组元的成份分布。用Ｘ射线衍射和微区Ｘ射线衍射技术分析激光熔覆区的氧化锆相变及各区域的相组成。结果表明：经过激光熔覆处理，熔覆区氧化猪由Ｃ－ＺｒＯ２和Ｔ－ＺｒＯ２组成；激光熔覆层、过渡区、热影响区的组织分别为ＺｒＯ２枝晶＋Ｔｉ２Ｏ，粒状ＺｒＯ２＋ａ相，片状ａ组成；在过渡区内成份     

用Ti箔直接连接Al2O3/Cu

借助ＳＥＭ，ＥＤＸ和ＸＲＤ分析手段，对直接用Ｔｉ箔在１２７３Ｋ连接的Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ｃｕ接头的连接界面微观结构进行了研究，分析了Ｔｉ箔厚度影响反应层度和连接强度的机制。     

用HAA掩蔽与解蔽Mg^2＋选择性螯合滴定法测定水中的钙镁

提出用ＨＡＡ（乙酰丙酮）掩蔽Ｍｇ＾２＋，在ＰＨ１０在右用ＥＤＴＡ滴定Ｃａ＾２＋，然后加热至刚微沸（９０℃），分解Ｍｇ（ＡＡ）２螯合物、释放析出Ｍｇ＾２＋，继续用ＥＤＴＡ滴定。以ＸＯ、ＭＴＢ和ＣＰＢ为混合指示剂，滴定终点颜色变化敏锐、清晰。用Ｔａｒｔｒａｔｅ、ＴＥＡ、乙二胺、ＫＦ、ＭＰＡ和ＨＡＡ掩蔽干扰离子如Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ａｌ＾３＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｚｒ＾４     

CaO-SiO2-TiO2-Al2O3-MgO炉渣中三价和四价Ti氧化物的氧化还原平衡

实验研究了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ炉渣在不同温度和氧分压下,三价和四价Ｔｉ氧化物间的氧化还原平衡。结果表明：在ωＣａＯωＳ〈２时,ωＴｉ＾４＋ωＴｉ＾４＋＋ωＴｉ＾３＋与ωＣａＯωＳｉＯ２近似呈线性关系,并可用ωＴｉ＾４＋ωＴｉ＾４＋＋ωＴｉ＾３＋来判断炉渣碱度;ｘＴｉ＾３＋ｘＴｉ＾４＋随全二氧化钛摩尔分数ｘＴｉＯ２,Ｔｏｔ的增大而增大;升高温度有利于渣中高价Ｔｉ氧化物的还原（ω为质量     

TA2／A3爆炸复合界面的扩散反应

借助于ＯＭ，ＳＥＭ，ＴＥＭ及ＡＥＳ和ＸＲＤ等测试技术和手段，系统地研究和深入探讨了钛（ＴＡ２）／钢（Ａ３）爆炸复合界面扩散反应区内的微观组织结构、反应相的形成和生长规律，结果表明：经１１７３Ｋ以下（即ＴＡ２的β转变温度以下）热处理，在ＴＡ２侧界面形成ＴｉＣ，它阻碍Ｆｅ和Ｔｉ互扩散，不能生成Ｆｅ_（２）Ｔｉ，ＦｅＴｉ．经１２２３Ｋ以上（即在ＴＡ２的β转变温度以上）热处理，沿界面生成按抛物线规律长大的层状金属间化合物（Ｆｅ２Ｔｉ，ＦｅＴｉ）；并由于Ｆｅ的扩散，在ＴＡ２侧Ｆｅ的含量高处形成β－Ｔｉ或β－Ｔｉ＋α－Ｔｉ组织，而在Ｆｅ含量低处形成马氏体转变产物，此外，β转变层也按抛物线规律生长．     

液膜分离富集,测定微量碲

用伯胺Ｎ１９２３、Ｌ１１３Ｂ、煤油和内相ＮａＯＨ水溶液乳状液膜体系,研究了Ｔｅ（Ⅳ）的迁移富集行为。实验结果表明,在适宜条件下,Ｔｅ（Ⅳ）的迁移率达９９．５％以上。在此条件下,许多共存离子如Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｆｅ＾３＋、ＡＩ＾３＋、∑ＲＥ＾３＋、Ｚｒ＾４＋、Ｔｉ＾４＋、Ｍｎ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾３＋、Ｃｏ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、大量碱金属和碱土金属离子、ＳｉＯ３＾２－、ＳＯ４＾２－、ＰＯ４＾－３、Ｆ＾－、ＣＩ＾－、ＮＯ３＾－、ＣＩＯ４＾－等,都不会影响分离富集碲。只有Ｔｅ（Ⅳ）能从这些离子中得到满意的分离。此法用于富集测定铅锌矿、铜矿、铁矿和合金中的微量碲,结果相当满意。     

复合氧化物喷涂金属型铸造纯钛的界面反应研究

应用等离子喷涂的方法，在板状碳素钢基底上喷涂了分别添加ＳｉＯ２和ＴｉＯ２的ＺｒＯ２、不同含量Ｙ２Ｏ３稳定的ＺｒＯ２复合耐火氧化物涂层，组成金属型后，进行了铸造工业纯钛的试验研究，借以考察复合耐火氧化物涂层对纯钛试样的表面污染情况。分析结果表明，复合涂层中，ＳｉＯ２的添加，加剧了界面反应；ＴｉＯ２的添加，使界面反应性有所减弱。     

MICROSTRUCTURE OF NiCoCrAlY COMPONENT IN PLASMA SPRAYED ZrO_2/NiCoCrAlY GRADED COATING

ＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＯＦＮｉＣｏＣｒＡｌＹＣＯＭＰＯＮＥＮＴＩＮＰＬＡＳＭＡＳＰＲＡＹＥＤＺｒＯ２／ＮｉＣｏＣｒＡｌＹＧＲＡＤＥＤＣＯＡＴＩＮＧ①ＸｉａｎｇＸｉｎｇｈｕａ，ＺｈｕＪｉｎｇｃｈｕａｎ，ＹｉｎＺｈｏｎｇｄａＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＭａｔｅ...     

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND PHASE ABUNDANCE OF Zr-Mn-Ni LAVES PHASE HYDROGEN STORAGE ALLOYS

ＣＲＹＳＴＡＬＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＰＨＡＳＥＡＢＵＮＤＡＮＣＥＯＦＺｒＭｎＮｉＬＡＶＥＳＰＨＡＳＥＨＹＤＲＯＧＥＮＳＴＯＲＡＧＥＡＬＬＯＹＳ①ＺｈａｎｇＷｅｎｋｕｉ１，ＹａｎｇＸｉａｏｇｕａｎｇ２，ＬｅｉＹｏｎｇｑｕａｎ２，ＷａｎｇＱｉｄｏｎ...     

液钛与氧化锆陶瓷型壳的相互作用

借助于Ｘ射线衍射、电子探针和扫描电镜等测试手段,研究了液钛与氧化锆陶瓷型壳的相互作用。结果表明,界面反应一方面基于型壳中的ＺｒＯ２分解和Ｚｒ,Ｏ原子向钛基体的扩散,形成ＣａＺｒＴｉ２Ｏ７相;另一方面液钛也向氧化锆型壳中扩散,形成Ｃａ２Ｚｒ５Ｔｉ２Ｏ１６相。阐述了液钛与氧化锆陶瓷型壳相互作用的双向扩散机制。指出降低浇注温度可减弱钛与型壳的界面反应。     

The role of wettability in metal–ceramic joining

The effects of oxygen, applied DC voltage and surface orientation on the wettability of ceramics by liquid metals are clarified and new methods for metal–ceramic joining are proposed based on information from wetting experiments, using three examples. The strengths of Ni–Al₂O₃ joints obtained at very low oxygen potentials are higher than in high oxygen potential environments. Applying a DC voltage to the interface between metals and partially stabilized zirconia is shown to improve the strength of metal–zirconia joints. Cu and SiC can be strongly joined without using active elements such as Ti and Zr by controlling the joining conditions.     

The effect of composition and thickness of buffer on joining strength of brazing

ZrO2 and 40Cr steel were brazed by inserting buffer Ni,4J33,Ti and Cu separately. The chemical composition of 4J33 and Ni will damage the wetting property of Ag66Cu30Ti4 filler metal to ceramic and hinder the interface reaction between the active filler metal and Zr O2, so ZrO2/40Cr steel can not be bonded. Cu and Ti can efficiently release the residual stresses in the ceramic without injuring the wettabilty of filler metal, so the high joining strength can be obtained by inserting Cu and Ti.     

复合孕育剂Ti、Zr对2519铝铜合金焊缝组织及性能的影响

采用3种焊丝对2519铝铜合金进行MIG焊,研究了孕育剂Ti、Zr对焊缝组织和性能的影响。结果表明:Ti和Zr的细化作用是相容的,当焊丝中单独添加孕育剂Ti或Zr时,焊缝几乎由粗大的柱状晶组成;焊丝中复合添加少量的孕育剂Ti和Zr时,Ti和Zr在熔池中分别形成Al3Ti和Al3Zr,促进了α(Al)非均质形核;随着焊丝中Ti和Zr含量的增加,焊缝组织逐步细化,当焊丝中Ti和Zr含量较高时,Ti和Zr还在熔池中形成大量的Al3(Ti,Zr)质点,促进α(Al)非均质形核;焊缝组织由细小均匀的等轴晶组成,显著提高了接头强度和塑性。     

制备条件对钛基IrO2+Ta2O5涂层阳极性能的影响

研究了基体喷砂处理，涂制母液溶剂体系，添加剂等制备技术对热分解法制备钛基IrO2 Ta2O5阳极组织结构，性能的影响，结果表明，基体经喷砂处理后与氧化物涂层间的结合力加大，其阳极寿命明显提高，采用有机溶剂制备的涂层表现出典型的裂纹形貌，且晶粒细化，增大了阳极的电化学活性表面，从而提高了阳极的析氧电催化活性，加入适量添加剂可以改善涂层的致密度，能够有效地抑制活性组元的溶解，并阻止电解液在涂层中的渗透，延长了阳极的使用寿命，实验表明，添加剂含量为0．7％时改善效果最为明显。     

Lifetime of Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited on γ-TiAl Based Alloys Using Intermetallic Ti–Al–Cr Bond Coats with Additions of Yttrium and Zirconium

Thermal barrier coatings (TBC) of yttria stabilized zirconia were deposited on the γ-TiAl based alloy Ti–45Al–8Nb (at.%) using electron-beam physical vapor deposition. The bond coats used were 10 μm thick intermetallic Ti–Al–Cr layers with additions of the reactive elements Y and Zr produced by magnetron sputtering. Cyclic oxidation tests at 900 and 1,000 °C in air revealed excellent oxidation resistance of the Ti–Al–Cr–Y bond coat associated with the precipitation of Y-rich particles in the thermally grown alumina scale as well as in the intermetallic layer. A less protective behavior was found with the zirconium containing bond coat. Lifetimes exceeding 1,000 1-h cycles were determined for both TBC systems at 900 °C. Edge chipping of the zirconia topcoat occurred at 1,000 °C. As observed by cross-sectional examination, a continuous alumina scale was still present on the samples with Ti–Al–Cr–Y bond coat, whereas the Ti–Al–Cr–Zr layer was severely degraded and a thick mixed oxide scale formed after 1,000 cycles at 1,000 °C.     

Brazing of TiBw/TC4 composite and Ti60 alloy using TiZrNiCu amorphous filler alloy

TiB_w/TC4 composite was brazed to Ti60 alloy successfully using TiZrNiCu amorphous filler alloy, and the interfacial microstructures and mechanical properties were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD and universal tensile testing machine. The typical interfacial microstructure was TiB_w/TC4 composite/β-Ti + TiB whiskers/(Ti, Zr)₂(Ni, Cu) intermetallic layer/β-Ti/Ti60 alloy when being brazed at 940 °C for 10 min. The interfacial microstructure evolution was influenced strongly by the diffusion and reaction between molten fillers and the substrates. Increasing brazing temperature decreased the thickness of brittle (Ti, Zr)₂(Ni, Cu) intermetallic layer, which disappeared finally when the brazing temperature exceeded 1020 °C. Fracture analyses indicated that cracks were initialized in the brittle intermetallic layer when (Ti, Zr)₂(Ni, Cu) phase existed in the brazing seam. The maximum average shear strength of joints reached 368.6 MPa when brazing was conducted at 1020 °C. Further increasing brazing temperature to 1060 °C, the shear strength was decreased due to the formation of coarse lamellar (α+β)-Ti structure.     

La掺杂的SnO2-Sb中间层对钛基IrO2+Ta2O5电极性能的影响

目的改善Ti/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5涂层电极的析氧电催化性能。方法用热分解法在钛基材上制备了La掺杂的SnO_2-Sb中间层,并以此作为基体涂覆IrO_2+Ta_2O_5活性层,制备了Ti/SnO_2-Sb-La/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5涂层电极。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量散射能谱(EDS)及X-射线衍射光谱(XRD)技术分别分析了中间层和活性层的表面形貌、元素组成及晶相结构。采用线性扫描伏安曲线(LSV)和强化寿命测试方法在硫酸溶液中分别研究了Ti/SnO_2-Sb-La/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5涂层电极的析氧电催化活性和使用稳定性。同时,考察了La的掺杂比例对Ti/SnO_2-Sb-La/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5电极强化寿命的影响。结果相对未掺杂La的中间层,掺杂La后的中间层表面裂纹减少,有更高的析氧过电位和更低的析氧电流密度。La掺杂对活性层的表面形貌和晶相结构基本没有影响,但电极的析氧电流密度有所提高。通过测试不同La掺杂比例涂层电极的强化寿命,发现La最佳掺杂比例为nLa:nSn=0.5:100。和未掺杂La涂层相比,La最佳掺杂比例涂层电极的强化寿命提高了22.8%。结论相对于未掺杂的Ti/SnO_2-Sb/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5电极,La掺杂后的Ti/SnO_2-Sb-La/IrO_2+Ta_2O_5涂层电极析氧电催化活性和强化寿命都得到改善。     

高能球磨辅助固相法制备Zr掺杂的钛酸锂

采用改进的高温固相法合成Zr4+掺杂的Li4Ti5O12,研究了原位包覆技术、高能球磨和金属元素掺杂对其晶型、相结构、颗粒形貌以及电化学性能的影响。结果表明:改进后的高温固相法能有效阻止颗粒团聚、提升颗粒的均匀分散度;Zr4+掺杂能降低电极极化、提升锂离子扩散系数,从而改善电化学性能。所得Li4Ti4.95Zr0.05O12在0.5 C倍率下首次放电比容量达176 mAh·g-1,在40 C高倍率下仍达52 mAh·g-1。另探讨了不同离子半径的Zr4+和Ce4+对掺杂效果的影响,结果表明较小离子半径的元素掺杂效果较好。     

Ti_2AlN-La_2O_3/Cu复合材料的界面反应与性能

采用粉末冶金法制备了以Ti2AlN和La2O3为增强相的新型铜基复合材料。研究了Ti2AlN与Cu界面反应及其对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:Ti2AlN颗粒化学镀铜后改善了铜与Ti2AlN的界面结合情况,形成了宽度为20 nm左右的过渡区。在880~940℃的烧结温度范围内,增强相与基体的界面发生化学反应,生成了Cu(Al)固溶体与TiNx,在显著提高复合材料强度的同时,降低材料的导电性。另外,La2O3纳米颗粒分布在铜基体内,对材料起到弥散强化的作用。