二甲醚在能源行业应用前景综述

介绍了二甲醚（DME）的特点，结合我国能源结构的实际情况，详细论述了其在能源行业的应用前景，特别是替代民用LPG燃料和车用柴油燃料的应用前景，分析了基于DME为燃料相关系统的关键技术、应用前景及主要障碍。通过与柴油、LPG、天然气的物性对比，就二甲醚的推广所要解决的技术问题进行了分析，提出相关解决方案，并对二甲醚在燃料市场的应用方向进行了阐述。     

简述船用LNG发展现状

简述了国内外LNG燃料船舶的应用情况和标准规范,介绍了LNG燃料船舶改造的主要技术方案。通过与柴油船在经济和环保性方面的比较分析,论证了船用LNG的可行性,最后提出了LNG燃料船舶存在的问题和建议。     

国内外生物质成型燃料及燃烧设备研究与开发现状

介绍了国内外生物质成型燃料及相关燃料设备的研究、开发、进展情况，从而为我国生物质成型燃料及燃烧设备的研制、开发及产业化指明方向。     

CG125发动机燃用生物燃料(醇燃料)初探

生物燃料是清洁能源,目前,生物燃料主要指醇类燃料。首先简要介绍了醇类燃料的性质、国内外研究以及使用醇类燃料的现状;然后,选择目前国内生产量和保有量最大的小型发动机(排量125 mL)——CG125发动机为研究对象,探讨醇类燃料在该机中应用的技术方案,以及推广应用的途径。     

燃气轮机燃烧技术的研究与应用

本文概述了国内外燃气轮机燃烧技术的研究，应用及发展情况，重点介绍了航机改型燃机改烧多种燃料带来的一系列技术关键及对策，以及目前为满足高效低污要求的各种燃烧室方案。     

日本 德国甲醇及代用燃料发动机汽车情况

介绍了日本、德国甲醇及代用燃料发动机汽车的发展情况 ,肯定了山西省甲醇汽车示范工程取得的成绩 ,对国内发展汽车代用燃料提出建议。     

洁净的代油燃料--水煤浆

阐述了水煤浆是一种理想的洁净燃料,它在节能、环保等领域有着广泛用用途。介绍了水煤浆的特性、生产和应用。在分析了我国的实际情况后,指出水煤浆是一种具有发展前景的节能、环保燃料。     

点燃式发动机上应用甲醇燃料的试验研究

本文介绍了在四冲程和二冲程汽车用点燃式发动机上,应用甲醇燃料(M 100)的情况。试验结果表明,内燃机使用甲醇燃料有利于综合利用资源,而且很容易改装成甲醇发动机。     

生物质生产燃料乙醇技术的研究

介绍国内外以及上海的生物质生产燃料乙醇技术应用和发展现状,概述了燃料乙醇生产的生物质原料和生产方法,并分析了生产技术存在的主要问题。最后,提出了上海未来生物质燃料乙醇生产的发展方向。     

醇基燃料燃烧器技术进展概述

介绍了醇基燃料燃烧器的发展进程及最新研究成果,指出了新型醇基燃料燃烧器的应用前景。     

Identifying and addressing barriers for the sustainable development of natural gas as automotive fuel

In recognition of the risks associated with climate change, governments around the world have tried to develop and define policies to address greenhouse gas emissions with transport recognized as one of major sources of greenhouse gases and air pollution. Apart from climate change, there is another side to this coin, and that is the risks surrounding energy security and future oil supplies. Vehicle manufacturers are increasingly recognizing their role in contributing to the goal of decarbonizing the economy and reduce dependence on oil. Out of available alternate fuels compressed natural gas (CNG) is the one which is meeting the maximum needs of countries worldwide, who want to switch over to alternate fuels. However, despite the fact that CNG are often seen as a panacea by policy-makers, there are a number of barriers to their widespread market penetration and diffusion. This study aims to identify an approach to strategic framework for addressing the barriers to widespread adoption of compressed natural gas as transportation fuel. Besides assessing the barriers to natural gas vehicles, the study attempts to identify how they can affect various stakeholders. The paper systematically examines natural gas vehicles (NGVs) adoption patterns and the evolution of pertinent market structures throughout the world but majorly concentrated on eleven countries:, China, Iran, Pakistan, Argentina, India, Brazil, Italy, United States, Germany, Sweden and South Korea. The underlying paper set out an objective of presentation of the framework for supporting policy makers in aspects including; identifying and assessing qualitative aspects of the barriers and consequently defining measures for their resolutions.     

燃气轮机燃油燃烧室改用双燃料流场数值分析

针对燃气轮机燃油燃烧室改成双燃料燃烧室对燃料喷嘴进行一体化概念设计,并采用CFD技术对其双燃料燃烧流场进行数值模拟。针对燃烧室燃用C7H16和裂解气燃料的不同情况,采用标准κ-ε湍流模型、化学平衡条件下的快速化学反应系统和简单概率密度函数（PDF）燃烧模型、液体燃料的喷雾模型以及SIMPLE算法。模拟并对比分析了两种燃料燃烧时的燃烧效率、出口温度均匀性、壁面最高温度以及速度分布等参数随工况变化的趋势,并得出结论：1）不同燃料燃烧时的流场特征基本保持一致;2）裂解气燃料燃烧时,其燃烧效率较高,但出口温度均匀性较差;3）在加入相同焓值的燃料进入燃烧室时,裂解气燃料燃烧得到的出口温度低于燃油的燃烧状态。     

Production of producer gas from sugarcane bagasse and carpentry waste and its sustainable use in a dual fuel CI engine: A performance,emission, and noise investigation

Due to ever increasing use of conventional fuels and improper utilization of renewables, air pollution and GHG (Green House Gas) emissions are the primary areas of concern. Due to this, the world is now shifting interest towards the synthesis and use of alternate fuels; that can replace the conventional fuels. Present work focuses on an experimental investigation, which is carried out on two different biomass materials – sugarcane bagasse and carpentry waste in 1:1 ratio. Biomass samples were used to synthesize producer gas in a downdraft gasifier with a gas flow rate of 5.07 Nm³/h. Producer gas was blended with diesel and fired in a dual fuel CI engine. Engine performance was smooth while it was tested for six load variations for noise characteristics and various performance and emission parameters. A maximum reduction in diesel consumption by 45.7% and NOx emissions by 69.5% was reported with a slight increase (～3.4 dB) in the noise.     

Analyzing the characteristics of fuel extracted by catalytic conversion of waste engine oil

Production of hydrocarbon fuel from waste oil such as industrial and engine waste oil is an excellent way for producing alternating fuel sources. The aim of the present study is to obtain diesel-like fuel from waste engine oil (WEO) which can be used as an alternate fuel for compression ignition (CI) engine. With this aim in mind, WEO was purified from contaminants and thermally cracked with two different catalysts such as red mud and fly ash in a catalytic thermal reactor (CTR). The oil product obtained after catalytic conversion using red mud catalyst was named as WEORM and using fly ash catalyst was named as WEOFA. To investigate the influence of these two catalysts with WEO, different properties such as density, kinematic viscosity, calorific value, flash, and fire points were determined. Moreover, the compositional analyses for WEORM and WEOFA were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). FT-IR spectroscopy revealed the presence of several bonds which appeared in WEORM and WEOFA were almost identical to the diesel fuel. Further FT-IR results confirmed that most of the hydrocarbons present in WEORM and WEOFA were alkanes. Furthermore, in GC-MS analysis, WEORM and WEOFA were mainly composed of C₁₀–C₃₀ hydrocarbons with the presence of aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatics. Similar to fossil diesel fuel, they mainly contain paraffins, napthenese, and aromatics. Our results revealed that WEO can be effectively recycled and reused as an alternate source of hydrocarbon energy.     

M85甲醇和汽油双燃料车用发动机的试验研究

根据Ｍ８５甲醇和汽油两种燃料的特性,在４９５Ｑ汽油发动机上着重研究了通过合理切换、调整化油器、混合气预热、点火角度,确保双燃料发动机的正常工作,试验结果证明,将低压缩比的点燃式发动机改装成为燃用Ｍ８５甲醇和汽油的双燃料发动机是可行的,两者的扭矩和功率相当,Ｍ８５甲醇机的尾气排放明显优于汽油机。     

船用天然气发动机关键技术发展及应用

论述了船用天然气发动机技术的发展情况及关键技术,包括空燃比的控制、点火技术和安全设计等。并就天然发动机的应用中问题进行了探讨,包括燃料的标定和机油的选择等。     

汽车替代燃料的现状分析与展望

世界能源危机与环境污染问题促使汽车行业能源体系转型,可再生、节能、环保、清洁的新型汽车替代燃料成为汽车行业的新宠.根据燃料是否可再生,将汽车替代燃料分为不可再生汽车替代燃料和可再生汽车替代燃料,并对天然气、液化石油气、醇醚类燃料、氢能源、植物油燃料、生物质裂解气燃料等汽车替代燃料与汽油、柴油等传统汽车燃料进行了分析和比较,总结了汽车替代燃料相对于传统汽车燃料的优点与缺点,并对汽车替代燃料的发展前景进行了展望.     

Experimental investigation of varying composition of HCNG on performance and combustion characteristics of a SI engine

With rapid depletion of petroleum resources, researchers are investigating alternate fuels to meet global transportation energy demand. Gaseous fuels such as compressed natural gas (CNG) and hydrogen are of special interest because of their cleaner combustion characteristics compared to liquid petroleum based fossil fuels. However both these gaseous fuels have some technical issues when they are used as stand-alone alternate fuel in conventional spark ignition (SI) engines. CNG suffers from lower energy density and narrow flammability range whereas backfiring tendency is highly pronounced in hydrogen fueled engines. Hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) mixtures are observed to be good alternative to these individual fuels since these mixtures do not pose the issues experienced by the constituent fuels i.e. CNG and hydrogen. In this study, experiments were conducted in a spark ignited gas engine using various compositions of HCNG mixtures having 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100% (v/v) hydrogen fraction. The performance and combustion characteristics of these test fuels were compared with that of baseline CNG, in order to find an optimum HCNG mixture composition for a single cylinder gas engine. Results obtained showed that 30HCNG mixture delivered superior engine performance compared to other HCNG mixtures and baseline CNG, which is in sharp contrast to 15HCNG being advocated globally.     

双燃料燃气轮机燃料快速切换技术分析与试验研究

通过分析国外机组资料和实际燃料切换运行曲线,逆推双燃料切换控制策略,并利用现有燃烧试验台,在保证燃烧室出口温度稳定波动的前提下,对规定时间内完成燃料快速切换的燃烧室内火焰稳定性加以验证。试验结果表明:某型机组试验可依据理论切换时间30 s换算燃机最大负荷时燃料的变化量,保证机组在60 s内完成燃料的快速切换,在此切换过程中,燃烧室内火焰稳定,动态压力最大值为4.55 k Pa。由于燃烧试验台条件与整机试验环境存在较大的差异性,试验过程得出燃料变化量仅可作为参考,主要用于减少整机试验次数并规避试验风险,最终值仍应以整机试验结果为准。     

石油企业采暖供热燃料经济分析及调整措施

本文对石油企业采暖供热的现状进行了分析，指出了存在的问题，剖析了原因。在此基础上，对采暖供热的替代燃料的经济性进行了实证分析，最后提出了调整石油企业采暖供热燃料结构的对策。