移动自组网与Internet互联技术研究

随着Ad hoc网络技术的不断发展成熟,移动自组织网（MANET）与Internet的互联已经成为扩展无线应用的关键。文章详细分析MANET与Internet互联中的地址分配、路由发现、网关发现、协议转换几项关键技术,讨论现有MANET与Internet互联的方案,最后指出互联技术研究中的要点及未来研究的方向。     

移动自组网的单播地址自动分配方案

移动自组网（MANET）是无固定基础设施的无线网络,具有多跳、拓扑结构动态变化、带宽、能量有限等特点。因此常规的地址配置方案,如动态主机配置（DHCP）并不适于MANET。MANET中的节点可以借助IPv6的自动配置机制,利用MAC地址或随机号来自动配置其地址。丈中对几种基于IPv6的MANET单播地址自动分配方案进行了讨论,从地址唯一性、简单性、适应性、健壮性等方面进行了综合比较。对移动自组网的地址分配方案提出了一些建议,并指出了进一步研究的问题。     

无线传感器网络的服务质量保障技术

1、引言 无线Ad hoc网络起源于20世纪70年代美国军方的分组无线网。随后，IEEE在建立802．11标准时将分组无线网改称为Adhoc网络，意为“为特定目的情况或场合而设计配置的，具备自组织能力的网络”。根据网络中节点是否可移动，无线Adhoc网络又可分为移动Adhoc网络MANET（Mobile Ad hoc Network）和无线传感器网络WSNs（Wireless Sensor Networks）.[第一段]     

基于虚拟骨干网的Ad hoc网络地址自动配置研究

针对Ad hoc网络的地址自动配置问题，提出了基于虚拟骨干网的IPv6地址自动配置方法。该方法充分利用了虚拟骨干网的分层结构和IPv6自动配置机制，无需执行额外的运算，把重复地址检测消息的洪泛范围分别限制在骨干网和子网以内，不但节省了网络的带宽资源和计算资源，而且可以更好地支持网络分化和合并。     

移动无线Ad Hoc网络的路由安全

Ad Hoc是特定的无线网络结构，它强调多跳、自组织、无中心的概念。MANET(mobile ad hoc network)被认为是最有希望的下一代Ad Hoc解决方案。MANET网络是具备相互通信能力无线移动节点的集合，这些节点没有固定的网络结构，也没有限定到类似基站或移动交换中心这样的中心控制部     

移动自组织网络的研究与应用

移动自组织网络(mobile Ad hoc network,MANET)是一种没有固定通信基础设施的网络,由移动节点自组织、自管理、自维护,通过节点的互相协作、多跳转发实现节点间的通信.本文对MANET的概念、特点、体系结构作了简要介绍.分析了当前的主要研究内容和面临的挑战,展望了其广阔的应用前景.     

Ad hoc网络技术讲座 第3讲 Ad hoc网络采用QOS信令机制的研究

信令机制通常是网络中最复杂的功能部件之一，本文首先介绍了移动Ad hoc 网络（MANET）中采用Qos信令机制的必要性，然后详细说明和分析了RSVP及其改进协议在MANET中应用的可行性。接着计论了一种适合于MANET的带内信令机制-INSIGNIA信令机制及其改进协议，最后对全文进行了总结。     

移动Ad hoc网络服务模型的研究

本文首先介绍了服务模型的概念和移动 Ad hoc网络 (MANET)中应用服务模型的必要性 ,然后详细分析了现存的服务模型在 MANET中应用的可行性。讨论了一种适合于MANET的服务模型— FQMM模型。最后对全文进行了总结。     

三维移动Ad hoc网络链路动态性研究

3维移动Ad hoc网络(3-D MANET)是一种网络场景分布于3维空间的移动Ad hoc网络。链路动态性分析是研究3-D MANET的一项基础性工作,其结论可作为网络协议设计的基础。该文基于CV(Constant Velocity)移动模型,从概率模型的角度推导出了链路寿命期望和分布的数学表达式,并通过仿真实验进行了验证,表明了理论计算结果的正确性。结论对3-D MANET的研究和应用具有一定的参考价值。     

无线Ad hoc网动态密钥管理问题的研究

作为一类自组织动态网络,无线Ad hoc网面临着严重的安全威胁。该文在分析Ad hoc网络特点的基础上,提出一种基于扩展Diffie-Hellman交换的分级组密钥管理方案(HGKM)。HGKM协议采用分级架构,利用成员过滤函数维护统一的组密钥,有效减少密钥更新对Ad hoc网性能的影响。     

IDSDDIP: a secure distributed dynamic IP configuration scheme for mobile ad hoc networks

In IP‐based networks, IP address uniqueness is one of the most important requirements since a node has to participate in unicast communications and routing. Often nodes are assumed to have unique IP addresses configured a priori. However, this is not the case and cannot be achieved easily in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Most of the existing dynamic address allocation schemes of MANET rely on network‐wide flooding for address solicitation and/or duplicate address detection. As a result, several types of security threats can be seen at the time of address allocation. In this paper, we present an ID‐based distributed dynamic IP configuration scheme that securely allocates IP addresses to the authorized nodes without flooding the entire network. Here each node acquires capability of generating unique IP addresses from its own IP address and can assign those addresses to the new nodes. The proposed scheme provides security against the associated threats with dynamic IP allocation protocol without the help of a trusted third party. It also efficiently handles the network partitioning and merging and reduces the chance of address conflicts. Performance analysis and simulation results are present to show that the proposed addressing scheme has low communication overhead and fairly low addressing latency with added security mechanisms compared to the similar existing dynamic address allocation schemes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

面向MANET环境的动态自适应副本放置算法研究

移动自组网环境给数据复制技术带来了新的挑战。本文提出了一种分布式动态自适应副本放置算法,算法以数据访问的通信开销作为目标函数,每个副本节点从其邻居节点收集读写请求的局部信息,动态地调整副本放置方案以适应访问请求和网络拓扑的变化。本文还提出了基于稳定邻居的副本放置算法以减小由于节点移动给副本放置带来的振荡。模拟实验表明,在移动自组网环境中,本文提出的算法有效地减少了数据访问的通信开销,提高了数据访问的效率。     

A secure dynamic IP configuration scheme for mobile ad hoc networks

Secure dynamic IP addressing is a prime requirement for unicast communication between authorized hosts in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Recently, several approaches have been proposed for dynamic addressing scheme. However, most of the approaches rely on broadcasting for address solicitation and/or duplicate address detection. As a result, several types of security threats in dynamic IP configuration can be observed. In this paper, we present an ID based dynamic IP configuration scheme that can securely allocate IP addresses to the authorized hosts for a mobile ad hoc network without broadcasting over the entire network. Each host in the MANET can generate an unique IP address from its own IP address for a new host. The proposed scheme provides authentication for address configuration without the help of a trusted third party while taking care of the security-threats associated with dynamic IP configuration. Performance analysis shows that even with added security mechanisms our proposed addressing scheme has fairly good addressing latency and control overhead compared to the similar existing schemes. Moreover, the proposed scheme is able to solve the problem of network partitions and mergers along with the arrival and departure of a host efficiently and securely.     

A distributed protocol for dynamic address assignment in mobile ad hoc networks

A Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is a group of mobile nodes that form a multihop wireless network. The topology of the network can change randomly due to unpredictable mobility of nodes and propagation characteristics. Previously, it was assumed that the nodes in the network were assigned IP addresses a priori. This may not be feasible as nodes can enter and leave the network dynamically. A dynamic IP address assignment protocol like DHCP requires centralized servers that may not be present in MANETs. Hence, we propose a distributed protocol for dynamic IP address assignment to nodes in MANETs. The proposed solution guarantees unique IP address assignment under a variety of network conditions including message losses, network partitioning and merging. Simulation results show that the protocol incurs low latency and communication overhead for an IP address assignment.     

Dynamic and hierarchical IPv6 address configuration for a mobile ad hoc network

The paper proposes a dynamic and hierarchical IPv6 address configuration scheme for a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). The scheme proposes the hierarchical architecture and combines the distributed and centralized address configuration approaches. In the architecture, a central node assigns IPv6 addresses for cluster heads that are distributed around a MANET, and distributed cluster heads assign IPv6 addresses for cluster members. The generation algorithm of a cluster is proposed, and it uses the number of potential cluster members as a measurement unit and minimizes the number of cluster heads. Therefore, the address configuration cost for cluster heads is reduced. A central node/cluster head uses the unicast communication mode to achieve the real‐time address recovery in order to ensure that it has enough address resources for assignment. The paper also proposes the low‐cost MANET merging/partitioning algorithm that guarantees that no address collision happens during the MANET merging/partitioning process. This paper analyzes the performance parameters of the proposed scheme, including the address configuration cost, the address configuration delay, and the number of MANET merging. The analytical results show that the proposed scheme effectively reduces the address configuration cost, shortens the address configuration delay, and decreases the number of MANET merging. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Connectivity management in mobile ad hoc networks using particle swarm optimization

This paper proposes a dynamic mobile ad hoc network (MANET) management system to improve network connectivity by using controlled network nodes, called agents. Agents have predefined wireless communication capabilities similar to the other nodes in the MANET, however their movements, and thus their locations, are dynamically determined to optimize network connectivity. A new approach to measuring connectivity using a maximum flow formulation is proposed – this is both responsive and tractable. Furthermore, users’ locations are predicted for several time steps ahead and this is shown to improve network connectivity over the network operation period. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm uses the maximum flow objective to choose optimal locations of the agents during each time step of network operation. The proposed MANET management system is rigorously tested on numerous static and dynamic problems. Computational results show that the proposed approach is effective in improving the connectivity of MANETs and predicting movements of user nodes and deploying agents accordingly significantly improves the overall performance of a MANET.     

移动自组网与Internet互连的动态网关策略

移动自组网(MANET)是自治的无基础设施的网络,它通过IP路由支持多跳无线通信。它与Internet 相比存在着许多差异,不仅有网络拓扑结构的不同,还存在通信方式的不同。因此,MANET与Internet组合成混杂网络(hybrid network)是一个具有挑战性的课题。移动自组网(MANET)的结点要进行Internet连接,就必须寻找Internet网关。如何寻找和维持与Internet网关的连接是这个问题的关键,再者,就是如何切换到一个更合适的相邻网关。在这篇文章中,首次提出动态网关的概念,动态网关作为MANET和Internet之间的接口起桥梁作用。通过模型分析,证明动态网关体系结构适合于自组网与Internet互联。仿真结果显示,利用动态网关的网络性能优于单一固定网关的体系结构的网络性能。     

A survey of routing attacks in mobile ad hoc networks

Recently, mobile ad hoc networks became a hot research topic among researchers due to their flexibility and independence of network infrastructures, such as base stations. Due to unique characteristics, such as dynamic network topology, limited bandwidth, and limited battery power, routing in a MANET is a particularly challenging task compared to a conventional network. Early work in MANET research has mainly focused on developing an efficient routing mechanism in such a highly dynamic and resource-constrained network. At present, several efficient routing protocols have been proposed for MANET. Most of these protocols assume a trusted and cooperative environment. However, in the presence of malicious nodes, the networks are vulnerable to various kinds of attacks. In MANET, routing attacks are particularly serious. In this article, we investigate the state-of-the-art of security issues in MANET. In particular, we examine routing attacks, such as link spoofing and colluding misrelay attacks, as well as countermeasures against such attacks in existing MANET protocols.     

Cross layer coordinated energy saving strategy in manet

Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) consists of a set of mobile hosts which can operate independently without infrastructure base stations. Energy saving is a critical issue for MANET since most mobile hosts will operate on battery powers. A cross layer coordinated framework for energy saving is proposed in this letter. On-demand power management, physical layer and medium access control layer dialogue based multi-packet reception, mobile agent based topology discovery and topology control based transmit power-aware and battery power-aware dynamic source routing are some of new ideas in this framework.