双层桨自吸式搅拌槽内的实验研究

应用Ansys12.0中的workbench建模,运用计算流体动力学(CFD)中的CFX对双层桨自吸式搅拌槽内的流场进行数值模拟,在数值模拟的基础上,利用实验室现有条件对双层桨自吸式搅拌槽内的气-液分散性能进行了研究.比较了两种不同的桨叶组合的气体吸入临界转速、功率消耗、气含率和传氧性能.结果表明,6P+6PDTU的功率消耗小于6DT+6PDTU,但是6DT+6PDTU的气含率和容积传氧系数均大于6P+6PDTU,因此具有更好的分散性能.     

自吸式气液搅拌槽气液分散性能的实验研究

本研究在CFD数值模拟基础上,对双层桨自吸式搅拌槽有定子(自吸分散)和无定子(表面充气分散)两种情况进行性能研究.深入研究了不同桨型组合的气体吸入临界转速、功率准数、气含率和氧传递等性能.结果表明,在搅拌介质中,六直叶圆盘桨和六叶上斜叶桨在自吸分散时具有较好的吸气量和气液两相之间的传质性能.     

双层桨气液搅拌反应槽气液分散特性

采用搅拌功率与氧传质系数方法,对一双层桨搅拌反应槽的自吸分散和表面充气分散性能进行研究.比较了两种桨叶组合在两种分散方式下的气相分散临界转速、搅拌功率及两种桨叶组合自吸分散时的气含率和气液传质系数.结果表明,六叶圆盘直叶桨和六叶圆盘斜叶桨的组合在自吸分散时具有较优的分散性能.     

多层组合桨搅拌槽内气-液分散特性的研究

在直径为0,476m的椭圆底搅拌槽中,采用由六叶半椭圆管叶盘式涡轮桨(HEDT)及四叶宽叶翼型桨的上提(WHU)及下压(WHD)操作组合的六种不同的三层桨,研究了气-液两相体系中的通气功率变化及气含率特性,获得不同桨型的通气搅拌功率及气含率的关联式;结果表明,底桨为HEDT的组合桨通气功率下降幅度最小,相同输入功率时气含率最高,其次为WHD,WHU为底桨时气液分散性能最差。因此,适用于气液两相操作的优化组合桨应以HEDT为底桨。此研究结果可为工业用多层组合桨气液搅拌反应器的设计提供参考。     

不同温度下空气-聚醚多元醇的搅拌特性

在直径为0.28 m椭圆底搅拌釜内,以空气-聚醚多元醇为实验物系,对20～120℃范围内不同温度下两种三层组合桨的搅拌功率及气含率特性进行了实验研究,并获得了不同组合桨的相对功率消耗及气含率关联式。结果表明：随着通气流量和搅拌转速的增大,两种组合桨的气含率均升高,相对功率消耗均减少;随着温度的升高,两种组合桨的气含率和相对功率消耗均减小。但组合桨Ⅰ（底HEDT＋中WHu＋上WHu）的综合性能要优于组合桨Ⅱ（底6XYK＋中6XDT＋上HEDT）,有利于获得较高的气含率和通气搅拌功率,更适合用于聚合体系气-液两相混合操作过程中。     

双层搅拌器组合的气液分散性能研究

系统研究和比较了径流桨和径流桨组合、径流桨和斜叶桨组合以及斜叶桨和斜叶桨组合3类不同的双层搅拌器组合,在气液分散搅拌过程中的优劣。小通气量时径流桨和斜叶桨组合(DT PTD和PTU DT)在相同的单位体积搅拌功率下气含率最高,而在大通气量时,双层上翻式斜桨组合(PTU PTU)气含率最高,并发现大通气量时,下层桨不宜采用下压式斜叶桨。     

组合桨搅拌槽内非牛顿流体的气液分散特性

采用Brookfield黏度仪测量了质量分数为0.5%,1.0%,1.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)水溶液在298.15 K的流变特性。在直径为0.48 m的平底搅拌槽中,对搅拌槽内不同的3层组合桨的气液二相的分散特性进行了实验研究,考察了非牛顿流体浓度、桨型组合、通气量和搅拌转速对通气功率、相对功率和气含率的影响规律。结果表明:CMC水溶液为假塑性流体,幂律方程能很好地关联其流变特性。在相同操作条件下,随着浓度的增加气含率减小,功率消耗增加;在相同的功率输入时,下压桨型组合的气含率更高。相对功率(PG/P)、气含率关联式等研究结果对非牛顿流体的气液搅拌器设计和操作具有一定参考价值。     

半弧面斜叶桨的流体力学性能与氧传质特性

氧传质系数是气液搅拌反应器设计的关键参数,研究新型搅拌桨的氧传质性能对气液两相搅拌反应器的强化有着重要的意义。本文实验研究了气体分布器、搅拌转速、气量对氧传质系数、搅拌功耗及气含率的影响,结果表明,氧传质系数随搅拌转速和气量的增加而增加;并建立了氧传质系数与搅拌功耗和表观气速的经验公式,为进一步放大应用提供了基础。采用欧拉-欧拉多相流模型及群体平衡模型对半弧面新型斜叶桨进行了计算流体力学（CFD）数值模拟研究,模拟研究了不同结构、搅拌转速、气量下的流体力学性能和氧传质系数,模拟计算结果与实验值的相对偏差在20%以内;这为研究这一半弧面新型斜叶桨提供了一种可靠的数值模拟方法;优化了半弧面新型斜叶桨的结构,提高了搅拌釜的氧传质效率。     

自吸式涡轮搅拌桨的性能研究

系统地测定了自吸式双圆盘六叶涡轮桨应用于气－液－固三相浆态搅拌反应器的性能。研究了吸入气体的临界转速、表征搅拌桨对气体抽吸能力的吸气压力、气体自吸的吸入流量、搅拌功率、气含率、气液分散性能和气液传质规律，以及固体催化剂颗粒的悬浮问题。采用磁钢密封结合自吸式涡轮搅拌桨的三相浆态搅拌反应器，比较适宜于精细化学品合成的工艺研究及本征动力学测定，并对中小规模三相浆态反应工艺的连续化生产提供了可行性研究。     

组合桨的气液搅拌特性实验研究

对 6种三层组合搅拌桨的功率准数及传质特性进行了实验研究。结果表明 ,1层径流型桨叶和2层混流型桨叶的组合 ,综合性能优于其他形式搅拌桨的组合 ,其功率准数比六直叶圆盘涡轮式桨叶减少 4 0 % ,且在通气下其功率下降最小 ,而传质系数Kla与最大的三层六直叶圆盘涡轮搅拌桨相当     

搅拌槽内气液两相混沌混合及分散特性

传统Rushton刚性桨常应用于过程工业中搅拌反应器内的气液分散过程,但由于桨叶背后易形成较大的气穴,气液混合效果较差。为了提高搅拌槽内气液两相的混合效果,提出了一种刚柔组合桨强化气液两相的分散过程。利用LabVIEW软件处理刚性桨和刚柔组合桨体系中气液混合过程的压力脉动信号,通过Matlab软件编程计算最大Lyapunov指数（LLE）,分析气液混合体系的混沌混合行为,同时,对刚性桨和刚柔组合桨体系中的相对搅拌功耗、整体气含率、局部气含率进行测量。结果表明,在功耗为170 W,通气量为10 m³·h^-1条件下,与刚性桨相比,刚柔组合桨能够通过刚-柔-流的耦合作用促进桨叶能量的传递过程,提高搅拌体系的混沌混合程度,刚柔组合桨体系的LLE提高了8.89%。同时,在相同操作条件下,与刚性桨相比,刚柔组合桨能够有效提高相对搅拌功耗以及搅拌槽内的整体气含率和局部气含率,且搅拌槽内气体分散更为均匀。     

Experimental study on gas–liquid dispersion and mass transfer in shear-thinning system with coaxial mixer

The effects of impeller type, stirring power, gas flow rate, and liquid concentration on the gas–liquid mixing in a shear-thinning system with a coaxial mixer were investigated by experiment, and the overall gas holdup, relative power demand, and volumetric mass transfer coefficient under different conditions were compared. The results show that, the increasing stirring power or gas flow rate is beneficial in promoting the overall gas holdup and volumetric mass transfer coefficient, while the increasing system viscosity weakens the mass transfer in a shearing–thinning system. Among the three turbines, the six curved-blade disc turbine (BDT-6) exhibits the best gas pumping capacity; the six 45° pitched-blade disc turbine (PBDT-6) has the highest volumetric mass transfer coefficient at the same unit volume power.     

不同叶片形状盘式涡轮搅拌桨的气-液分散特性

在直径为0.48 m的椭圆底搅拌槽中,采用包括半椭圆(HEDT)及抛物线(PDT)形叶片的4种盘式涡轮桨,研究了叶片形状对气液两相体系中临界分散、通气功率和气含率的影响. 结果表明,由载气到气泛测得的泛点比气泛到载气测得的泛点明显滞后;比较相同条件下PDT桨与HEDT桨的通气功率和气含率,相同通气准数时,PDT桨的相对功率消耗(Pg/P0)较高,通常大于0.75,且受通气量影响较小;功率消耗相同时,在较宽气量范围内PDT的气含率较HEDT高约5%. PDT桨在相同气量时达到气液分散所需的功率略低,推荐用于工业气液搅拌反应器中.     

Influence of impeller diameter on overall gas dispersion properties in a sparged multi-impeller stirred tank☆

The impeller configuration with a six parabolic blade disk turbine below two down-pumping hydrofoil propellers, identified as PDT + 2CBY, was used in this study. The effect of the impeller diameter D, ranging from 0.30T to 0.40T (T as the tank diameter), on gas dispersion in a stirred tank of 0.48 m diameter was investigated by experimental and CFD simulation methods. Power consumption and total gas holdup were measured for the same impeller configuration PDT + 2CBY with four different D/T. Results show that with D/T increases from 0.30 to 0.40, the relative power demand (RPD) in a gas–liquid system decreases slightly. At low superficial gas velocity V_S of 0.0078 m·s^-1, the gas holdup increases evidently with the increase of D/T. However, at high superficial gas velocity, the systemwith D/T=0.33 gets a good balance between the gas recirculation and liquid shearing rate, which resulted in the highest gas holdup among four different D/T. CFD simulation based on the two-fluid model along with the Population Balance Model (PBM) was used to investigate the effect of impeller diameter on the gas dispersion. The power consumption and total gas holdup predicted by CFD simulation were in reasonable agreement with the experimental data.     

Scale up criteria for dual stirred gas-liquid unbaffled tank with concave blade impeller

Experimental investigation has been done in unbaffled gas-liquid stirred tanks using dual concave blade impeller to analyze the mass transfer, power consumption and gas holdup. Optimal impeller clearance has been suggested for lower and upper impeller based on maximum mass transfer rate. Numerical modeling has been done to analyze the flow pattern for different combinations of impeller clearance. The lower impeller positioned at 0.3 of tank diameter and clearance between lower and upper impeller at 0.4 of tank diameter gave the maximum mass transfer coefficient. Scale-up criteria for mass transfer rate, power and gas holdup have been developed for optimal geometrical similar systems of unbaffled stirred tanks with dual concave impeller.     

HYDRODYNAMICS, MIXING AND MASS TRANSFER IN A LARGE DIAMETER JET BUBBLE COLUMN

Experimental measurements for the axial and radial variations in gas holdup, axial and radial dispersion coefficients, volumetric gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient and liquid phase circulation velocity in a cone of a large diameter (122 cm) jet bubble column are presented. Two diameters of the inlet nozzle, namely 10.16 cm and 15.24 cm, three superficial gas velocities (based on cylinder diameter), 3 cm/sec, 6 cm/sec and 8 cm/sec and two superficial liquid velocities, 0.3 cm/sec and 0.6 cm/sec, are examined. The experimental data are obtained for two different bed heights.

The experimental data showed significant axial and radial variations in the gas holdup. The volumetric average gas holdup was higher at higher gas velocity and larger nozzle diameter and somewhat higher at lower liquid velocity. The axial dispersion was high while the radial dispersion was low. The volumetric gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient was larger at higher gas velocity and larger nozzle diameter. The liquid recirculation begins only at the upper end of the cone. In general, experimental data indicate that a jet bubble column provides a high degree of mixing and transport rates.     

开槽式圆盘涡轮搅拌器的气液分散特性

在直径为0.49 m的平底有机玻璃搅拌槽中,针对开槽式和未开槽式半圆形(SHY,HY)和抛物线形(SBTD,BTD)涡轮搅拌器进行研究,表明叶片开槽对气液二相体系中临界分散、通气功率和气含率(含气体积分数)的影响。结果表明:由载气到气泛测得的泛点比气泛到载气测得的泛点明显滞后;对比相同条件下2类搅拌器的通气功率和气含率,在相同通气准数下,开槽式搅拌器表现出功率消耗(Pg/P0)较未开槽搅拌器下降幅度增大,曲线形式改变明显的特点;在相同功耗下,开槽式搅拌器有气含率高的特点,以SBTD为例,其要高于BTD 3%左右,SHY也要高于HY。综合以上特点,开槽式搅拌器值得被推荐用于工业气液搅拌反应器中。