冷成型10CrNi5MoV钢拉伸性能恢复热处理工艺研究

采用不同的热处理工艺参数对冷成型10CrNi5MoV钢进行性能恢复热处理试验,并对比热处理前后拉伸性能及显微组织变化情况。结果表明,由于包申格效应,冷成型10CrNi5MoV钢的拉伸性能发生了显著的变化,受压侧拉伸屈服强度降低,受拉侧拉伸屈服强度上升;冷成型10CrNi5MoV钢在250℃～620℃温度范围内进行性能恢复热处理时,加热温度对钢板拉伸性能恢复程度影响显著,而保温时间和升温速率则对其影响不明显;性能恢复热处理后的冷成型10CrNi5MoV钢金相组织及晶粒度未发生明显变化,而位错密度减小。     

10CrNi3MoV 30C对称双球扁钢淬透性试验研究

通过球扁钢淬透性的测定以及对中频淬火态横截面硬度分布、金相组织与晶粒度的观察评定 ,研究了 10CrNi3MoV 30C双球扁钢的淬透性。结果表明 ,10CrNi3MoV 30C球扁钢的淬透性良好 ,用端淬试验来研究 10CrNi3MoV 30C球扁钢的中频淬火是可行的。     

10CrNi3MoV对称球扁钢性能均一性分析

通过对连铸球扁钢横截面硬度测试、拉伸及冲击性能测试、金相组织与晶粒度的观察评定,研究了10CrNi3MoV对称球扁钢的性能均一性。结果表明,应进一步提高10CrNi3MoV性能均一性,缩小球头和腹板性能差异,改善沿轧制方向不同部位力学性能的明显差别。     

热处理工艺对连铸10CrNi3MoV钢性能的影响

针对高温热成型及正常调质处理后连铸10CrNi3MoV钢性能恶化这一问题,研究了循环/亚温淬火热处理工艺,进行了力学性能测试、显微组织观察及晶粒度评定.结果表明,采用亚温淬火( 835℃×2h+ 820℃×2h)+高温回火(630℃×3h)热处理工艺,可有效细化连铸10CrNi3MoV钢的晶粒,显著改善其低温韧性,使其...     

循环淬火工艺对连铸10CrNi3MoV钢组织与性能的影响

针对高温热成型及正常调质处理后结构件用连铸10CrNi3MoV钢性能恶化这一问题,采用循环淬火热处理工艺研究了力学性能、显微组织及晶粒度。结果表明,采用860℃三次循环淬火+高温回火(630℃×3 h)热处理工艺,能够有效细化连铸10CrNi3MoV钢的晶粒,改善其低温韧性,使其力学性能满足使用要求。     

塑性变形及消应力热处理对10CrNi5MoV钢性能与组织的影响

分析了塑性变形量分别为2.4%、3.2%、4.8%、6.6%和9.1%的10CrNi5MoV钢在消应力热处理前后力学性能和微观组织的变化。结果表明,10CrNi5MoV钢具有包申格效应,热处理后该效应消除、屈服强度恢复正常,但低温韧性较热处理前有不同程度的降低,且下降幅度随着试样塑性变形增大而增加;当塑性变形量为9.1%时,出现了明显脆化,断口呈韧窝+准解理+沿晶断裂的混合断裂形貌;包申格效应的产生、消除与塑性变形引起的位错密度变化有关;热处理后马氏体板条间条状碳化物的析出以及P、Ni元素和部分碳化物在晶界处的偏聚,致使晶内和晶界部分脆化是该钢在较大塑性变形下韧性下降的主要原因。     

Q&P工艺参数对34SiMn2CrNiMo钢组织和力学性能的影响EI北大核心

设计制备一种中碳合金钢34SiMn2CrNiMo,通过对淬火-配分(Q&P)热处理试样的显微组织表征和力学性能测试,建立工艺-组织-性能的关系,结合热膨胀相变行为研究结果,探讨淬火中止温度TQ、加热模式、配分温度TP和配分时间tP对组织演变的影响规律并进行强韧性机理分析。结果表明:实验钢经过Q&P处理后可以获得马氏体+残余奥氏体的复相组织,从而大幅提高强塑性。在最佳处理状态组织中残余奥氏体体积分数约为24%,屈服强度为1053 MPa,抗拉强度为1607 MPa,伸长率为24.9%,强塑积为40.0 GPa·%。为了避免生成块状二次马氏体,实验钢最佳淬火温度应位于马氏体相变开始温度Ms以下150℃左右。实验钢不完全淬火后缓慢加热比快速加热配分能获得更多的残余奥氏体,钢的塑韧性提高更明显。实验钢在400℃配分时Q&P组织和性能相对稳定,而在450℃配分时残余奥氏体体积分数随时间延长而减少,导致屈服强度和伸长率同步下降。     

淬火温度对7Ni钢低温力学性能的影响

使用OM、SEM、TEM和XRD等手段观察并表征在不同温度淬火的7Ni钢的组织形貌和逆转奥氏体含量的变化,研究了淬火温度对7Ni钢的低温强度和低温韧性的影响。结果表明:当淬火温度从830℃提高到930℃时钢的低温韧性急剧下降,低温抗拉强度和屈服强度明显降低。同时,随着淬火温度的提高延伸率下降,与低温强度的变化趋势基本一致。在830℃淬火的试验钢,原奥氏体晶粒和马氏体板条束最为细小。而当淬火温度超过830℃时钢中的原奥氏体晶粒和马氏体板条束都显著长大,钢的低温强度和低温韧性随着晶粒尺寸与板条束宽度的增大而下降,粗化的组织对钢的低温强度与低温韧性都有不利的影响。随着淬火温度的提高钢中的逆转奥氏体含量基本上呈下降趋势,在830℃淬火的试验钢中逆转奥氏体含量最高,其低温冲击功也最高。     

两次淬火对HSLA钢组织和冲击韧性的影响

研究了两次淬火+回火和传统的一次淬火+回火热处理对HSAL钢的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在不显著降低强度的条件下,两次淬火使实验钢的冲击功明显提高,还改善了低温韧性和稳定性。两次淬火回火热处理可细化钢的组织,使原始奥氏体晶粒的尺寸和有效晶粒尺寸减小、大角度界面的密度和解离裂纹的扩展偏折频率提高。组织的细化和大角度晶界的增多抑制了裂纹的扩展,使韧性大幅度提高。     

奥氏体化温度对超强耐热齿轮轴承钢显微组织和强韧性的影响EI北大核心

新型超强耐热齿轮轴承钢具有优越的强韧性。通过改变钢的淬火加热温度,结合拉伸、冲击、断裂韧度等力学性能测试以及TEM,SEM,EDS等微观分析技术,研究不同奥氏体化温度下钢的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明:1060℃奥氏体化后,钢中存在未溶碳化物M_(6)C,冲击功和断裂韧度较低;1080~1100℃奥氏体化后,M_(6)C碳化物固溶,冲击功和断裂韧度显著增加。在1060~1100℃奥氏体化后,抗拉强度和塑性变化不大,规定塑性延伸强度随奥氏体化温度的增加略有降低。M_(6)C碳化物加速裂纹的萌生与扩展,导致韧性下降。在1080~1100℃奥氏体化后,超强耐热齿轮轴承钢可获得超高强度和高韧性,抗拉强度不小于2000 MPa,规定塑性延伸强度不小于1800 MPa,断裂韧度不小于100 MPa·m^(1/2)。     

Improved mechanical properties in Ti-bearing martensitic steel by precipitation and grain refinement

The yield strength and impact energy properties for martensitic steel fabricated by vacuum induction melting are investigated. It is found that the addition of Ti can improve the yield strength property of the martensitic steel after reheat quenching process, which can be attributed to increase in precipitation hardening from formation of TiC precipitates in the martensitic matrix and a superfine sized (~8 μm) grains in the martensitic structure. Moreover, the yield strength can be further enhanced by tempering and reheat quenching process, which can be ascribed to a large amount of freshly nano-sized (1–10 nm) precipitates in the final martensitic structure for martensitic steel-containing Ti. The experimental and theoretical results on the contribution of TiC precipitates to hardening of the martensitic steel are in excellent agreement. In addition, the impact toughness also has been improved along with yield strength followed by the heat treatment, which can be attributed to the high ratio of high-angle grain boundaries after tempering and reheat quenching process.     

Influence of austempering temperature on the mechanical properties of a low carbon low alloy steel

In this investigation, a new low alloy and low carbon steel with exceptionally high strength and high fracture toughness has been developed. The effect of austempering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of this new steel was examined. The influence of the microstructure on the mechanical properties and the fracture toughness of this steel was also studied.Test results show that the austempering produces a unique microstructure consisting of bainitic ferrite and austenite in this steel. There were significant improvement in mechanical properties and fracture toughness as a result of austempering heat treatments. The mechanical properties as well as the fracture toughness were found to decrease as the austempering temperature increases. On the other hand, the strain hardening rate of steel increases at higher austempering temperature. A linear relationship was observed between strain hardening exponent and the austenitic carbon content.     

回火方式对调质高强度钢组织和性能的影响

为改善高强度钢的塑性和韧性,对同一种低合金高强度钢进行两种不同回火方式的调质处理,淬火+缓慢加热回火的传统调质与淬火+感应加热回火的新调质工艺,分析该工艺对钢的组织与性能的影响.利用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察组织及析出物的变化,采用X射线衍射仪分析了钢中残余奥氏体体积分数.结果表明:两种工艺下,钢的组织均为板条宽300～500 nm左右的马氏体组织,感应加热回火调质工艺处理后,板条组织明显,析出物大多约为20 nm,比传统调质处理后的细小;两种不同热处理工艺均能提高钢的屈服强度.感应加热至500℃回火后试验钢具有16%以上的延伸率,-40℃冲击功达到32 J,优于传统调质工艺处理钢板的综合性能.感应加热回火能获得更多小尺寸析出物和更多的残余奥氏体,有利于改善钢的塑性和韧性.     

回火温度对两相区退火海工钢组织和性能的影响

对690 MPa级海工钢进行“淬火+两相区退火+回火”三步热处理,研究了回火温度对其组织和性能的影响、分析了力学性能变化与组织演变和残余奥氏体体积分数之间的关系。结果表明：回火后实验钢的显微组织为回火贝氏体/马氏体、临界铁素体和残余奥氏体的混合组织。随着回火温度的提高贝氏体/马氏体和临界铁素体逐渐分解成小尺寸晶粒,而残余奥氏体的体积分数逐渐增加;屈服强度由787 MPa降低到716 MPa,塑性和低温韧性明显增强,断后伸长率由20.30%增至29.24%,-40℃下的冲击功由77 J提升至150 J。残余奥氏体体积分数的增加引起裂纹扩展功增大,是低温韧性提高的主要原因。贝氏体/马氏体的分解和残余奥氏体的生成,引起组织细化、晶粒内低KAM值位错的比例逐渐提高和小角度晶界峰值的频率增大,使材料的塑性和韧性显著提高。     

热处理工艺对高成型性0.1%C-3%Mn中锰钢组织和性能的影响

研究了0.1%C-3%Mn中锰钢的热膨胀模拟相变行为和一步法与二步法ART处理对其显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,二步法ART处理比一步法可产生更多的残留奥氏体,可显著改善钢的成型性能。将实验钢的热轧态试样在740℃预处理后再在660℃~680℃进行ART处理能产生12%~14%的残留奥氏体,使钢的总延伸率高于35%,均匀延伸率高于20%。热处理制度为740℃×0.5 h+670℃×1.0 h的试样具有最佳的综合性能,其屈服强度为470 MPa,抗拉强度为680 MPa,总延伸率为40.7%,均匀延伸率高达25%,冲击吸收功为163 J。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on Prior Grain Size and Mechanical Property of a Maraging Stainless Steel

Effect of the heat treatment, including solution treatment (ST) and aging treatment (AT), on the prior austenite grain (PAG) size, microstructure and mechanical properties of a precipitation hardening maraging stainless steel was investigated. The results indicate that the relations between PAG size and yield strength (σy) under both ST and AT conditions obey the Hall-Petch relationship. Furthermore, after ST at 1050℃for 1 h cryogenic treated (CT) at -70℃ for 8 h AT at 535℃ for 4 h, the tested steel showed its ultimate tensile strength (σb) and σy over 1900 MPa and 1750 MPa, respectively.     

An investigation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of direct-quenched and tempered AISI 4140 steel

Direct quenching (DQ) process is an appropriate method in steels heat treatment field. This method enhances production rate, reduces energy consumption and decreases environment contamination. In this study hot-rolled AISI 4140 steel billets with different diameters (75, 80, 85, 100, 105 and 115 mm) and 20 m length were quenched directly in a water tank. Also some samples with similar size and composition were provided by conventional reheating, quenching and tempering (RQ) heat treatment process. The quenched samples were tempered at the temperature of 630 °C for 2 h. Mechanical properties of heat treated samples including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, hardness and impact toughness were measured. Also, the microstructure and harden-ability of this steel were investigated under various conditions and the results were compared to RQ heat treated products. The results showed that direct quenching and tempering processes (DQ–T) is due to enhance of mechanical properties such as tensile strength and harden-ability of AISI 4140 and it is affected by various parameters such as steel temperature before quenching, water temperature, quenching time and also billet size.     

A medium manganese steel designed for water quenching and partitioning

An aluminium-containing medium manganese steel has been designed to undergo intercritical annealing followed by quenching in water and subsequent partitioning. Water quenching, replacing the quenching temperature (QT) between 150 and 300°C in conventional quenching and partitioning steels, is therefore adopted in QP alloys, in order to guarantee the precise QT in practice. The low intercritical annealing temperature of 750°C refines both ferrite and prior austenite grains into submicron size. The large fraction of ultra-fine ferrite, as well as the transformation-induced plasticity effect of retained austenite, improves the overall ductility of this water-quenched and partitioned steel. The alloy has achieved excellent mechanical properties of 1130?MPa ultimate tensile strength combined with 19.2% total elongation.     

Tensile deformation of a duplex Fe-20Mn-9Al-0.6C steel having the reduced specific weight

The room temperature deformation characteristics of a duplex Fe-20Mn-9Al-0.6C steel with the reduced specific weight of 6.84 g/cm³ in the fully solutionized state were described in conjunction with the deformation mechanisms of its constituent phases. The phase fraction was insensitive to annealing temperature in the range of 800-1100 °C. The ferrite grain size was also nearly unaltered but the austenite grain size slightly increased with increasing annealing temperature. This revealed that there is little window to control the microstructure of the steel by annealing. The steel exhibited a good combination of strength over 800 MPa and ductility over 45% in the present annealing conditions. Ferrite was harder than austenite in this steel. Strain hardening of both phases was monotonic during tensile deformation, but the strain hardening exponent of austenite was higher than that of ferrite, indicating the better strain hardenability of austenite. In addition, the strain hardening exponent of austenite increased but that of ferrite remained unchanged with increasing annealing temperature. The overall strain hardening of the steel followed that of austenite. Considering element partitioning by annealing, the stacking fault energy of austenite of the steel was estimated as ∼70 mJ/m². Even with the relatively high stacking fault energy, planar glide dominantly occurred in austenite. Neither strain induced martensite nor mechanical twins formed in austenite during tensile deformation. Ferrite exhibited the deformed microstructures typically observed in the wavy glide materials, i.e. dislocation cells. The mechanical properties of the present duplex steel were compared to those of advance high strength automotive steels recently developed.