建设"三条黄河"

为做到“堤防不决口,河道不断流,水质不超标,河床不抬高”,实现黄河长治久安,新时期的黄河治理开发和管理应着力建设“三条黄河”,即“原型黄河”,“数字黄河”和模型黄河”。“原型黄河”指现实中的黄河;“数字黄河”是“原型黄河”的虚拟对照体,“模型黄河”是按一定比例缩小的“原型黄河”。“三条黄河”的建设相互关联,互为作用,要建设“三条黄河”,必须搞好规划,引进技术,培养人才。     

黄河文化保护的时代价值与实现途径——评《黄河文化专题研讨会文集》

正黄河是中华民族的母亲河,根植于黄河流域的黄河文化是中华民族传统文化的主体文化,是中华民族的"根"和"魂"。《黄河文化专题研讨会文集》一书是针对黄河文化进行研究的书籍,以坚定文化自信为契机,从黄河文化入手,站在流域经济社会发展的角度,围绕可持续发展水利和维持黄河健康生命,对黄河文化与黄河工程、黄河经济、黄河生态的关系进行研究。《黄河文化专题研讨会文集》一书明确指出了黄河文化对中华民族的重要性,     

关于黄河工程文化建设的实践与思考

在深入挖掘黄河人文文化和黄河生态文化的同时,黄河工程文化作为黄河文化的一部分尚未得到充分重视。本文从黄河工程文化研究意义、建设形式、涵盖内容等角度出发,结合基层单位黄河文化建设工作,对黄河工程文化的建设进行了探讨,以期为黄河工程的文化建设提供参考。     

原型黄河 模型黄河 数字黄河

~~原型黄河 模型黄河 数字黄河$“数字黄河”办公室     

"模型黄河"工程建设的作用与效益

“模型黄河”工程建设是实现维持黄河健康生命体系的重要手段。借助于“模型黄河”工程，不仅能够深化对黄河规律的认识，提高治黄的科技含量，使黄河水利工程投资更加经济、合理，为“数字黄河”工程提供物理参数，而且可增强社会对黄河治理的参与性，集中国内外的智慧来建设黄河，最终实现“维持黄河的健康生命”。     

黄河文化的历史与时代价值研究——评《黄河与中华文明》

正中华文明开放包容,这使得独特的中国传统文化得以形成,而组成中华民族文明最为重要的部分就是黄河文化。黄河文化在历史发展长河中承担着重要角色,同时也使得自身独特文化魅力得以展现。黄河是中华民族的母亲河,黄河安澜是人民群众安居乐业的保证。《黄河与中华文明》针对黄河与中华民族传统文化进行研究,解答了"为什么说黄河是母亲河?""黄河与中华民族有着什么样的关系?""黄河如何孕育出伟大辉煌的文明?""黄河的面貌是如何形成的?""应该如何治理黄河?"等问题。     

维持黄河健康生命的原理和方法

维持黄河健康生命是黄河治理的新理念。在诠释维持黄河健康生命的基础上，探讨了维持黄河健康生命的基本原理和方法。依据维持黄河健康生命管理中的不确定性及其对管理的反馈作用，强调适应性管理是实现维持黄河健康生命的有效管理方法，建立了维持黄河健康生命的科学管理框架；同时指出在适应性管理中要解决的关键问题，包括黄河健康的标准、黄河健康生命的评价、不确定性定量研究和维持黄河健康生命的管理绩效评估等问题。     

面向21世纪的黄河科学技术问题思考

对黄河的研究由来已久 ,但系统而深入的黄河研究与实践则始于新中国成立以后。 5 0多年来 ,人们对黄河水沙运动规律的认识取得了质的飞跃 ,从而使治理黄河的技术获得了跨越式的发展 ,并逐渐形成和深化了开发利用黄河水资源的思路和模式。但黄河毕竟是一条河性最为复杂的河流 ,人们仍没有完全掌握其水沙运动规律和特点 ,因而制约了黄河治理和开发技术水平的进一步提高 ,2 1世纪的黄河研究任重道远文章通过对 2 0世纪黄河研究成果的回顾 ,剖析了当前黄河治理开发中存在的关键科学技术问题 ,提出了以实现黄河水资源可持续利用、保障黄河防洪安全、促进黄河管理现代化为目的的近期黄河研究重大课题。     

黄河网信息传播框架初探

黄河网是宣传黄河治理开发的窗口，是世界了解黄河的桥梁和纽带，也是研究黄河的平台。由全文检索、信息采编、信息发布、视频点播、数据库、电子邮件等构成黄河网的基本框架，高质量、高容量、高效益是黄河网的建设目标，“新、快、强”是黄河网的建设原则。     

我们的基因来源于黄河

自去年2月至今,黄河在我们的视野里流淌了一年有余。《地理黄河》、《人文黄河》、《水利黄河》、《经济黄河》,乃至Ⅸ黄河入海流》,都是我们潜心策划的结果。我们试图以全新的视角,对黄河沿岸政治、经济、文化、风俗等进行多侧面、全景式的记录与描写,以期表达黄河数千年来的历史文化积淀。     

Application of the Distributed Hydrological Model,TOPNET, to the Big Darby Creek Watershed,Ohio, USA

Evaluation of the applicability and utility of watershed hydrologic models in different hydro-geologic and soil conditions is necessary for a range of spatial scales and to assess the utility of these models as watershed water resources management tools. This study presents the application of the hydrological model TOPNET to the Big Darby Creek watershed, Ohio, United States. It focuses on the simulation modeling of stream flow in the watershed based on meteorological data for the eight year period of 1992–1999. Visual comparison of time series plots and statistical measures namely, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NS), coefficient of correlation (R²), and the percent bias (PBIAS) were used to assess the model performance. The statistical model evaluation results indicated that the model has a relatively high confidence and can give a good representation of the flow hydrographs for the watershed. For the calibration period simulations of annual stream flow were accurate with a mean R² and NS of 86% and 85% for the Big Darby at Darbyville gaging station. For the little Darby at West Jefferson gaging station a mean R² of 81% was obtained while the NS averaged 78%. Further analysis based on the aggregation of the water years into wet seasons and dry seasons, the model was also able to adequately simulate stream flow for both gaging stations and for both low flow periods and high flow periods. Statistical analysis for the validation period also yielded high R² values of 88% and 83% for the Darby at Big Darby at Darbyville gaging station and Little Darby at West Jefferson gaging station respectively. The worst PBIAS obtained for both calibration and validation period was 18% and this is better than recommended values for satisfactory daily simulations of ±25% for PBIAS. The encouraging simulation results obtained in this study shows the utility and usefulness of the TOPNET model in hydrological modeling and ultimately as a water resources management tool.     

Effects of drought on the physicochemical,nutrient, and carbon metrics of flows in the Savannah River,Georgia, USA

Hydrological drought has wide-ranging impacts on water quality, nutrient and carbon metrics, and given the uncertainty of climate change and the predicted increased frequency and intensity of drought in the future, investigations into changes induced by drought become increasingly important. This study compared physicochemical parameters (temperature, conductivity, pH and DO), nutrients (TN, NO_X [NO₂ + NO₃], NH₃ and TP) and carbon (TOC and DOC) between hydrological drought conditions (2006–2008) and hydrological normal conditions (2016–2019) at five sites along the lower Savannah River (Georgia, USA). Although we had predicted that water temperatures would increase from drought, we instead found temperature was significantly lower during drought conditions. Levels of pH and DO were significantly higher during drought. Further, TN, TOC and DOC concentrations were significantly lower during drought, but NO_X concentrations were significantly higher during drought. Conductivity varied at the lower river sites, being significantly higher during drought at sites located below the city of Augusta, GA. These complex changes could be attributed to volume reductions coupled with an increase in the percentage of total flow originating from groundwater as well as limnetic reservoir inputs, persistent point source pollution, reduced natural catchment inputs and/or reduced floodplain interactions. The changes that occurred during drought may be disruptive to aquatic life, not only from reduced water quantity but also due to a scarcity of some biologically essential materials and lower food resources, combined with artificially high levels of some other potentially stressful materials.     

采用新材料 提高工程质量 降低工程成本

北京市怀柔应急备用地下水源工程,由21对水源井、14.4km输水管线、地下水回灌3部分组成,是集电气、机械、自动化、通讯为一体的技术密集型产业.该工程于2002年9月开工,2003年8月30日正式向北京输水,年产水1.2亿m3,日产水33.5万m3,工程通水后为缓解北京水资源紧缺的现状起到了重要作用.不仅取得了一定的经济效益,而且还取得了巨大的社会效益和政治效益.     

Investigating the invasion of the nonindigenous zooplankter, Eubosmina coregoni, in Lake Winnipeg,Manitoba, Canada

The spread of nonindigenous species (NIS) over land and via interconnecting water bodies is threatening aquatic ecosystems worldwide. This study examines the invasion of the first known NIS zooplankter, Eubosmina coregoni, into Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Analyses of cladoceran microfossils from a sediment core collected in the North Basin of the lake indicate this species first appeared in sediments dated to the late 1980s. An increase in total cladoceran accumulation rates coupled with increasing N, C, P, and chlorophyll a over the last 40 years provides evidence of eutrophication. Extant samples from fall 2002-2005 indicate that E. coregoni is mainly restricted to the North Basin while Bosmina longirostris is present throughout the lake. Results from this study provide baseline data regarding the invasion and establishment of E. coregoni, a precursor to future NIS that may have substantial ecological and economic impacts on the Lake Winnipeg ecosystem.     

湘资沅澧“四水”资源综合管理和开发利用的思考与建议

文章针对湖南省湘资沅澧“四水”管理现状及问题，借鉴省外、国外流域管理利用模式和经验，探讨流域开发管理趋势，并提出综合管理及开发利用建议。