Assessment of wind energy potential in China

In this paper, China wind atlas is made by numerical simulating and the wind energy potential in China is calculated. The model system for wind energy resource assessment is set up based on Canadian Wind Energy Simulating Toolkit (WEST) and the simulating method is as follow. First, the weather classes are obtained depend on meteorological data of 30 years. Then, driven by the initial meteorological field produced by each weather class, the mesosclae model runs for the distribution of wind energy resources according each weather class condition one by one. Finally, averaging all the modeling output weighted by the occurrence frequency of each weather class, the annual mean distribution of wind energy resources is worked out. Compared the simulated wind energy potential with other results from several activities and studies for wind energy resource assessment, it is found that the simulated wind energy potential in mainland of China is 3 times that from the second and the third investigations for wind energy resources by CMA, and is similar to the wind energy potential obtained by NREL in SWERA project. The simulated offshore wind energy potential of China seems smaller than the true value. Although there is difference in method and conclusion for wind energy resource assessment by different institutes, the important conclusion accepted by the all is that China has rich wind energy resources. According to the simulated results of CMA and considering lots of limited factors to wind energy development, the final conclusion can be obtained that the wind energy availability in China is 700-1200 GW, in which 600-1000 GW is in mainland and 100-200 GW is on offshore, and wind power will become the important part of energy composition in future.     

Special report on relationship between wind farms and power grids

The installed capacity of a large scale wind power plant will be up to a number of hundreds MW, and the wind power is transmitted to load centers through long distance transmission lines with 220 kV, 500 kV, or 750 kV. Therefore, it is necessary not only considering the power transmission line between a wind power plant and the first connection node of the power network, but also the power network among the group of those wind power plants in a wind power base, the integration network from the base to the existed grids, as well as the distribution and consumption of the wind power generation by loads. Meanwhile, the impact of wind power stochastic fluctuation on power systems must be studied. In recent years, wind power prediction technology has been studied by the utilities and wind power plants. As a matter of fact, some European countries have used this prediction technology as a tool in national power dispatch centers and wind power companies.     

Redox flow batteries based on insoluble redox-active materials.A review

The ever-increasing demand for energy has stimulated the development of economical non-fossil fuels.As representative of clean energy,solar and wind have been identified as the most promising energy sources due to their abundance,cost efficiency,and environmental friendliness.The intrinsic intermittent of the clean energy leads to the urgent requirements large-scale energy storage technique.Redox flow batteries(RFBs)are attractive technology due to their independent control over energy and power.Insoluble redox-active flow battery is a new type of electrochemical energy storage technology that disperses redox-active particles in the electrolyte.Compared with traditional flow batteries,insoluble flow batteries have advantages of large energy density and are very promising in the development of large-scale energy storage systems.At present,three types of insoluble flow batteries have been explored:slurry-based flow batteries,metal/slurry hybrid,and redox-mediator-assisted flow batteries.This Review summarizes the research progress of insoluble flow batteries,and analyzes the key challenges from the fundamental research and practical application perspectives.     

Study of the Development Road Map of China’s Renewable Energy

Renewable Energy (RE) has been attached high attention around the world due to its carbon-free and indigenous production in a sustainable way. China enjoys plenty of renewable energy resources, particularly the wind, solar ,hydro and biomass energy, which could be a sound basis for a large-scale exploitation. This report examines the current status of RE technology and industry, analyzes the challenges of promoting RE in China. In order to pave the way for a long-term development of RE, this paper outlines the basic principles and priorities for individual RE technology. In line with these, the paper puts forward the RE targets and further describes the RE Roadmap by 2020, 2030 and extende to 2050, taking consideration of China’s RE resources, industrial basis and energy demand etc. At last, this paper provides some recommendations to ensure the achievements of the RE targets.     

The status quo and prospect of biomass power generation in China

Facing the pressure of fossil energy exhaustion and environment pollution, people begin to search for clean and renewable energy to partly substitute fossil energy and realize sustainable development. As the fourth type of energy, biomass energy has many advantages: wide distribution, large quantity, being renewable, clean, can be stored and transported and so on. By adopting thermo-chemical and biochemical technologies, biomass energy can be converted to high quality solid, gaseous and liquid energy products, and provide convenient heat and power energy for human being’s production and daily life. In January 2006, China Renewable Energy Law began to be implemented, biomass energy power generation industry has been developing rapidly in China. This paper will present the status quo of biomass power generation industry in China and also introduce briefly the future development models.     

风雨过后终见彩虹——亲历IEC SC 8A成立（英文）

正Globally,the development and use of renewable energy is an irresistible trend as the power generation technology evolves and prevails optimistically fast in the 21~(st) century despite emerging challenges for grid integration.Typical y in China,the installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power has risen to one hundred times high in ten years and five years respectively,impressing the whole world with the super high speed     

Integrated solar capacitors for energy conversion and storage

Solar energy is one of the most popular clean energy sources and is a promising alternative to fulfill the increasing energy demands of modern society.Solar cells have long been under intensive research attention for harvesting energy from sunlight with a high power-conversion efficiency and low cost.However,the power outputs of photovoltaic devices suffer from fluctuations due to the intermittent instinct of the solar radiation.Integrating solar cells and energystorage devices as self-powering systems may solve this problem through the simultaneous storage of the electricity and manipulation of the energy output.This review summarizes the research progress in the integration of new-generation solar cells with supercapacitors,with emphasis on the structures,materials,performance,and new design features.The current challenges and future prospects are discussed with the aim of expanding research and development in this field.     

Energy savings and CO2 emission reduction by using geothermal heat pumps

The renewable energy will play significant role in the world primary energy consumption in the future. Geothermal energy is immense with 5000 EJ/yr of technical potential; however, its utilization has been limited to areas with special geological conditions. Geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) are one of the fastest growing applications of renewable energy in the world with annual increases of 10% and much faster in China. Its main advantage is that it uses normal ground or groundwater temperatures (between about 5 and 30℃), which are available in all countries of the world and make geothermal more attractive and practicable. With high Coefficient of Performance (COP) up to 6, GHPs make efficiency of primary energy more than 240% with assumed a 40% of electricity generation efficiency, which means energy savings and CO2 emission reduction. In this paper geothermal and GHP technology is introduced and the energy savings and CO2 emission reduction by GHPs are analyzed.     

Develop hydroenergy resources and protect earth environment

Energy is a driving force behind the progress of human civilization. Mainly depend on the current human society of nonrenewable fossil energy sources, such as coal and oil, its increasing demand. Gradually reduce the reserves, the contradiction between supply and demand becoming increasingly prominent. With the process of human history has moved forward with the depletion of fossil energy will eventually be unable to sustainable use. The total hydropower resources are limited, but it is renewable, clean energy, its energy is infinite. Therefore, the full use of limited water resources and slow down the depletion of fossil energy process, is to improve and protect the earth’s ecology and environment, one of the most realistic measures.     

All-solid Light-driven Charging and Storage Textile for Wearable Applications

正Developments in wearable electronics,have brought a revolution to our way of life.In order to power them sustainably and flexibly,novel technologies have been developed to harvesting commonly existed clean and renewable energy,such as solar irradiance,wind,rain.Herein,we have come up with the idea of wire-shaped solar cell,which has provided a new solution to get rid of expensive TCO substrates.Progresses have been     

加强新能源并网标准化工作 促进电力绿色发展（英文）

正Recently it is encouraging to see the booming development of renewable energy power,typically wind and photovoltaic power,in China,evidenced by the impressive data(by end of 2014):·accumulative installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation increases by 60 percent,producing about25 TWh,that is a year-on-year growth of over 200 percent;·newly installed capacity of photovoltaic power reaches 10.6 GW,accounting for one fifth of the global total;     

调度运行支持体系 助力新能源可持续发展（英文）

正The ultimate goal of renewable energy integration is to generate power.Based on the safe operation of power system,the renewable energy dispatching can reserve running space through forecasting result of renewable energy operation to achieve the maximum available capability.Due to the difficulties of power system balance raised by volatile renewable energy and inflexible thermal power operation,a tough problem of dispatching is how to harmonize the renewable energy and grid safe operation.     

2D Nanomaterials for Effective Energy Scavenging

The development of a nation is deeply related to its energy consumption.2D nanomaterials have become a spotlight for energy harvesting applications from the small-scale of low-power electronics to a large-scale for industry-level applications,such as self-powered sensor devices,environmental monitoring,and large-scale power generation.Scientists from around the world are working to utilize their engrossing properties to overcome the challenges in material selection and fabrication technologies for compact energy scavenging devices to replace batteries and traditional power sources.In this review,the variety of techniques for scavenging energies from sustainable sources such as solar,air,waste heat,and surrounding mechanical forces are discussed that exploit the fascinating properties of 2D nanomaterials.In addition,practical applications of these fabricated power generating devices and their performance as an alternative to conventional power supplies are discussed with the future pertinence to solve the energy problems in various fields and applications.     

CIM-Based Grid Model and Graphics Exchange Format

BackgroundWith the rapid development of electric power system and the unceasing expansion of power grid,the operation and control of large power grid needs the support of on-line safe and stable analysis.In recent years,renewable energy is developing very rapidly,and lots of random,intermittent wind and solar power resources access network Therefore,the operation of power grid urgently needs the support of real-time on-line analysis tools.Severe weather has more and more impact on the operation of power grid.During the process of accident occurrence and recovery,multiple control centers requirecooperation.     

世界标准日中国庆祝活动——标准建立信任（英文）

正Do we live in a trustworthy world?How do we trust the product we buy in the market are safe enough?In modern society,trust is more than a kind of relationship between people and also closely related to the government and stakeholders in market,the latter of which is discussed mostly nowadays.For example,the global food industry has never faced more challenges and crisis of confi dence.Higher standards is an effective way for food enterprises to tackle food fraud and     

Development of renewable energy in China: significance & strategic objectives

Based on CAE’s research report, this paper illustrates the background and purposes of the development strategy research of renewable energy in China, emphasizes the significance of developing renewable energy in China, gives the strategic positions and development objectives of renewable energy in China in the first half of 21st century and contributes to green house gas emissions reduction and environmental protection in China.     

Q/SQR.04.896—2008 SQR7130A217/A型轿车(英文)

1.Background As the development of global economy demands an increasingly large quantity of energy,the energy crisis is getting more severe. Auto manufacturers in Japan,America,and Europe have all began to develop hybrid power vehicles or its technology platform since 1990s,so as to save energy. Relied on its THS system which consists of the planet wheel and e-CVT,TOYOTA developed a series of strong hybrid power vehicles,such as Prius,Lexus,Highlander,Camry,etc.     

Technical Characteristics Analysis for Toyota Prius Hybrid Vehicle

In order to solve the problem effectively that increasing car ownership relies on limited resources like oil and the resulting environmental pollution because of vehicle exhaust,"New energy vehicles"is not a new conception which is mentioned frequently and has been used in practical applications in our daily life. As a typical representative of the use of new energy vehicles,Prius,a kind of gas-electric hybrid cars which are made by Toyota is a very typical type in technique and application. Using Prius as an example,we will focus on its chemical reaction principle of electrical energy storage device and evaluation parameters,the structure of driving motors and gives the dqmodel of the electrical machine in dqcoordinates,the structure of dynamic coupling device,convertor assembly which including four kinds of convertor and its function,finally,introducing the working principles and characteristics of the system assembly in this paper.     

实现综合标准化目标的计划保障

It is well known to all that compared with the traditional standardization,the comprehensive standardization is a brand new standardization working mode.From the arrangement way of standardization projects and working thoughts for ensuring the set completeness of standards to the technology coordination in the development process,all have changed.The fundamental feature of the comprehensive standardization is to solve the problems in standards development in a comprehensive way,especially the planning problem.This kind of changes in development of the standardization working mode reflects the new progress of modern science,technology and management,and is the concrete application of modern operational research and system engineering in the standardization work.According to the results of the domestic trials,its achievements and benefits are obvious.Therefore,some standardization experts pointed out in their papers,"comprehensive standardization is valued for the comprehensiveness",which hits the nail on the head.     

Hybrid energy cell for simultaneously harvesting wind,solar, and chemical energies

We report a hybrid energy cell that can simultaneously or individually harvest wind, solar, and chemical energies to power some electronic devices. By utilizing the wind driven relative rotations between a polytetrafluoroethylene film and an etched A1 film attached on two acrylic tubes, the fabricated triboelectric nanogenerator （TENG） can deliver an open-circuit voltage of about 90 V, a short-circuit current density of about 0.5 mA/m2, and a maximum power density of 16 mW/m2, which is capable of directly lighting up 20 blue light- emitting-diodes （LEDs）. By integrating a TENG, a solar cell, and an electrochemical cell, a hybrid energy cell has been fabricated to simultaneously scavenge three different types of energies. As compared with the individual energy units, the hybrid energy cell exhibited much better performance in charging a capacitor. Moreover, we also demonstrated that the hybrid energies generated can be stored in a Li-ion battery for powering a commercial wind speed sensor and a temperature sensor. This work represents significant progress toward practical applications of hybrid energy cells, providing potential solutions for simul- taneously scavenging wind, solar, and chemical energies.