新型AS界面剂对新老混凝土界面粘结性能的影响及机理

研究了新型AS界面剂对自然养护条件下新老混凝土界面粘结性能的影响及机理,结果表明,自然养护条件下,与低水灰比水泥净浆处理相比,AS界面剂处理时早期界面粘结强度较低,与未经处理时相当,但未经处理及低水灰比水泥净浆处理时,在较早养护龄期(7 d后)即开始出现强度倒缩;采用AS界面剂处理时,其界面粘结强度的增长与界面剂组分有关,以硅粉为主时,28 d后强度也有所倒缩,以粉煤灰为主时,56 d内强度均持续增长,其原因是由于新老混凝土变形差异过大形成界面剪切应力,导致过早形成的界面粘结结构局部破坏所致,而采用粉煤灰为主的新型AS界面剂处理时,其界面粘结作用则随养护龄期延长而缓慢形成,因而界面粘结强度得以持续增长。     

短龄期老混凝土与新混凝土粘结的劈拉强度研究

实际工程新老混凝土粘接时,老混凝土龄期可能从初凝至数十年。目前,对短龄期老混凝土与新混凝土粘接劈拉强度研究较少,本文在不同界面剂、不同浇筑结合方式下研究了老混凝土龄期从初凝至28d的新老混凝土的粘结劈拉强度,发现粘结劈拉强度随老混凝土龄期增大而减少,并逐渐趋于稳定;界面剂的使用提高了新老混凝土的粘结劈拉强度,水泥砂浆界面剂的效果略优于水泥净浆界面剂;水平结合的劈拉强度均远大于竖直结合的劈拉强度;在机理分析的基础上拟合出粘结劈拉强度随老混凝土龄期变化的公式。     

新老混凝土修补界面层粘结质量的改善途径

根据新老混凝土修补界面层的粘结机理 ,提出通过改善界面层微细观结构来大幅度提高修补界面层粘结强度的思路。对比试验研究表明 ,用稀HCl酸蚀老混凝土界面可大幅度提高老混凝土界面的微细观粗糙度 ,从而显著增加新老混凝土的接触面积 ;用粉煤灰和标准砂对水泥净浆界面剂进行改性可显著改善界面层的微细观结构。以上两项措施均可使粘结强度显著提高。     

不同龄期老混凝土与新混凝土粘结性能研究

结合不同的界面剂,不同的老混凝土断面粗糙度的情况下,研究老混凝土在初凝至28 d龄期与新混凝土粘结时的粘结劈拉强度与粘结斜剪强度。研究发现使用界面剂提高了新老混凝土的粘结劈拉强度与粘结斜剪强度;新型界面剂的粘结劈拉强度与粘结斜剪强度要高于水泥净浆界面剂时的粘结劈拉强度和粘结斜剪强度;老混凝土的断面为毛面时的粘结劈拉强度要高于断面为光面时的粘结劈拉强度。     

新老混凝土修补界面方位对粘结强度的影响

试验研究选择了上补、侧补、斜上补、斜下补和下补 5种界面方位 ,3个月和 3年新老混凝土龄期差 ,多种新老混凝土界面处理方法和界面剂 ,首次提出并系统地探讨了新老混凝土修补界面方位对粘结强度的影响 ,并分析了影响机理。     

硅灰和聚丙烯纤维净浆界面剂对新老混凝土粘结力学性能的影响研究

通过测试新老混凝土粘结的劈拉强度、抗弯强度、抗剪强度,研究了硅灰和聚丙烯纤维单掺、复掺对新老混凝土粘结性能的影响,分析了硅灰和聚丙烯纤维对新老混凝土粘结性能的作用机理。结果表明,硅灰掺量为胶凝材料质量的9%,聚丙烯纤维掺量为0.6 kg/m3,28 d龄期时,新老混凝土粘结效果最好,粘结劈裂抗拉强度为2.36 MPa、抗弯强度为5.79 MPa、抗剪强度为5.11MPa。硅灰聚丙烯纤维净浆界面剂适用于混凝土结构修补。     

界面剂类型及不同修补材料对混凝土黏结性能的影响

本试验通过测试新老混凝土界面的拉拔强度和新老混凝土界面显微硬度,研究了混凝土界面剂类型以及不同组成的修补材料对混凝土黏结性能的影响。研究表明:在砂浆界面剂、净浆界面剂、YZJ-4界面剂中,YZJ-4界面剂的效果最好;修补材料中偏高岭土掺量为胶材的5%,钢纤维体积掺量为1%,并使用YZJ-4界面剂时,界面黏结最紧密,拉拔强度高,28 d拉拔强度能达到2.35 MPa。     

新老混凝土粘结界面耐久性能的试验研究

本文介绍了新老混凝土粘结小试件在修补后28天,4个月和1年时的劈拉强度及中型钢筋混弹簧土修补梁在修补后28天,1年,1年半和3年时拉拔强度的测试结果,分析了不同界面剂对新老混凝土界面耐久性能的影响。指出在没有受到荷载作用的情况下,经过一段时间后,界面粘结强度仍将下降。     

自密实混凝土与老混凝土粘结强度的直剪试验研究

以自密实混凝土(SCC)作为新混凝土材料,进行了新老混凝土粘结强度的直剪试验研究,考察了混凝土强度、界面剂和抗剪钢筋对粘结抗剪性能的影响,并与普通混凝土(NC)进行比较。试验结果表明,自密实混凝土与老混凝土的粘结性能优于普通混凝土,用粉煤灰水泥净浆作界面剂,能提高粘结面的抗剪强度。新混凝土强度会影响新老混凝土的粘结性能。而在界面上植入抗剪钢筋后,能大幅度提高了新老混凝土的粘结抗剪强度。根据试验结果,提出了自密实新混凝土与老混凝土粘结抗剪强度的计算式,以供实际加固工程参考。     

聚合物改性砂浆与混凝土粘结强度的研究

通过对聚合物改性砂浆与混凝土劈裂强度的研究,探究了几种不同粗糙度和界面剂对砂浆与1 d,28 d龄期混凝土粘结强度的影响。试验发现良好的界面粗糙度、界面剂的使用能够提高聚合物改性砂浆与混凝土的粘结强度;砂浆与1 d混凝土的粘结效果好于28 d混凝土。     

Leistungsfähigkeit von Betonen mit Flugasche

Performance Capacity of Concrete containing Fly Ash The conception to take into account the addition of fly ash to structural concrete presented in the German Standard DIN 1045‐2 should guarantee a high resistance of concrete structures against corrosive attack. In this context, criteria such as compressive and flexural strength of concrete, modulus of elasticity, bond strength, shrinkage and creep as well as the pore structure are focused in this paper. The obtained results on concretes containing a maximum of fly ash according to DIN 1045‐2 compared with concretes produced only with ordinary Portland cement show similar strength values at the age of 28 days while the strength development is somewhat lower for the fly ash concretes. However, at the age of one year the strength of fly ash concretes in particular also the flexural strength is considerably higher. Shrinkage and creep of the fly ash concrete is lower resulting in an overall reduced risk of shrinkage and thermal cracking.     

Use of binary and ternary blends in high strength concrete

Combinations of cement additions may provide more benefits for concrete than a single one. In this study, 80 high strength concretes containing several types and amounts of additions were produced. In the first stage, silica fume contents in binary blends that give the highest strengths were determined for different binder contents. In the second stage, a third binder (Class F or Class C fly ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag) was introduced to the concretes already containing Portland cement and silica fume in the amounts found in the first stage. Results indicated that ternary blends almost always made it possible to obtain higher strengths than Portland cement + silica fume binary mixtures provided that the replacement level by the additions was chosen properly. Moreover, the performance of slag in the ternary blends was better than Class F fly ash but worse than Class C fly ash.     

矿物掺合料对混凝土耐久性的影响

采用海水热雨循环90次、海水浸泡90d两种试验条件对比研究了4种混凝土的强度、扩散系数、电通量和钢筋腐蚀电位等性能变化。结果表明,经热雨循环90次试样抗压强度较海水浸泡90d的高,掺加粉煤灰降低混凝土试样的早期强度,提高中后期强度;经热雨循环90次试样扩散系数较标样28d试样高,但电通量降低,海水浸泡90d试样扩散系数和电通量均较28d试样低,C30级试验扩散系数和扩散系数较C50级高,掺加粉煤灰提高混凝土试样28d的扩散系数和电通量,但降低海水浸泡90d和热雨循环90次的扩散系数和电通量;经热雨循环90次试样内钢筋腐蚀电位较标样28d试样低,海水浸泡90d试样内钢筋腐蚀电位较28d试样低,但高于热雨循环90次试样,C30级混凝土试样钢筋腐蚀电位下降幅度较大,个别试样内钢筋发生点蚀,掺加粉煤灰提高试样内钢筋腐蚀电位,对耐久性有利。     

大掺量粉煤灰水工混凝土的气泡参数和抗冻性研究

研究了水胶比为 0 5 0、粉煤灰掺量在 0 %～ 5 5 %范围内的高掺量粉煤灰水工混凝土的气泡参数和抗冻性能。研究结果表明 ,在同一龄期 ,混凝土的气泡参数和粉煤灰掺量间没有一定的关系 ,但气泡结构的稳定性随粉煤灰掺量增加而提高 ,混凝土的抗冻性也随粉煤灰掺量的增加而提高 ;不管对普通混凝土还是粉煤灰混凝土 ,气泡间距在 0 5 0mm以下都是高抗冻混凝土 ,规定高抗冻混凝土的气泡间距必须小于 0 2 5mm是不适用的。     

高钙粉煤灰中f-CaO对砂浆收缩的补偿作用

通过对高钙粉煤灰水泥砂浆和低钙粉煤灰水泥砂浆干燥收缩和自生收缩的系统试验和比较分析 ,发现高钙粉煤灰中的f CaO水化产生的膨胀可补偿砂浆的干燥收缩和自生收缩 ,对低水胶比水泥基材料自生收缩的补偿作用更加明显。高钙粉煤灰可能是解决低水胶比高性能混凝土过大自生收缩难题的一种廉价有效的活性掺合料     

路面水泥混凝土抗折强度的研究

研究了硅粉对混凝土抗折强度的影响,根据试验数据总结出混凝土２８ ｄ 抗折强度与灰水比、硅粉掺量之间的定量关系;研究了硅粉和粉煤灰的复合效应,总结出水灰比为０－４５ 的情况下,混凝土２８ ｄ抗折强度随粉煤灰掺量和硅粉掺量的变化规律;并对粉煤灰混凝土的后期抗折强度进行了研究。     

Strength and water permeability of concrete containing palm oil fuel ash and rice husk–bark ash

In this paper, palm oil fuel ash and rice husk–bark ash, which are by-products from electricity generating power plants and disposed as wastes in landfills, were used as a partial cement replacement. They were ground and incorporated into concrete at the levels of 20%, 40% and 55% by weight of binder. Compressive strength and water permeability of concretes containing ground palm oil fuel ash (GPOA) and ground rice husk–bark ash (GRBA) were investigated. From the tests, the replacement of Portland cement by both materials resulted in the higher water demand in concrete mixtures as compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete with compatible workability. The compressive strengths of concretes containing 20% of GPOA and GRBA were as high as that of OPC concrete and were reduced as the increase in the replacement ratios. Although the compressive strengths of concrete with the replacement of GPOA or GRBA up to 40% were lower than OPC concrete, their water permeabilities were still lower than that of OPC concrete. These results indicate that both of GPOA and GRBA can be applied as new pozzolanic materials to concrete with an acceptable strength as well as permeability.     

粉煤灰掺量对高性能混凝土强度和耐久性的影响

本文着重研究了粉煤灰掺量对于高性能混凝土强度、氯离子渗透性的影响。水胶比为0．28,粉煤灰掺量在40％以内,可以配制出早期、后期强度均高于不掺粉煤灰、而水泥用量高达600kg/m^3的纯硅酸盐水泥混凝土的相应强度,这种配合比的混凝土28d强度在80MPa以上;并且流动性好,可以满足泵送需要;抗渗性好,属于渗透性“很低”的等级;对于高性能混凝土强度而言,有一个较优的粉煤灰掺量,约为20％－30％;早期强度对应的粉煤灰较优掺量约为10％左右。     

Durability of lightweight concretes with lightweight fly ash aggregates

This paper presents the effects of aggregate properties such as strength, porosity, water absorption, bulk density and specific gravity on the strength and durability of lightweight fly ash aggregate concrete (LWAC). The influence of properties of four aggregates (sintered lightweight fly ash aggregates, cold-bonded lightweight fly ash aggregate and normalweight aggregate) on mechanical and durability properties of concrete is discussed. Experimental results revealed that durable high-strength air-entrained lightweight concretes could be produced using sintered or cold-bonded lightweight fly ash aggregates, having comparable performance with the normalweight concretes. The use of lightweight aggregates (LWA) instead of normalweight aggregates in concrete production decreased the strength and stiffness due to the higher porosity and lower strength of the aggregate included in the concrete. However, permeability of sintered fly ash aggregate lightweight concretes was comparable and slightly lower than normalweight concrete whereas permeability of cold-bonded fly ash lightweight concrete was greater than the others. All concretes had a durability factor greater than 85, which met the requirements by showing quite perfect resistance to freeze–thaw.