基于二次推理的糖尿病诊断专家系统研究

专家系统是人工智能领域的重要课题之一,本文介绍了如何利用信息技术理论建立糖尿病诊断专家系统,并提出了正向与反向推理,精确与不精确推理相结合的综合规则推理的实现方法.     

医疗诊断专家系统推理机的设计与实现

专家系统是人工智能领域的重要分支,推理机是专家系统的重要组成部分。文中用关系数据库SQLServer2000设计诊断知识库,构造了一个医疗诊断专家系统,其推理机能够有效模拟医生的诊断思维。因此,它可以作为医生诊断疾病的一种辅助工具。根据疾病诊断的要求,仅对医疗诊断推理机的设计与实现方法进行了探讨,提出了一种基于正-反向推理的精确与不精确推理相结合的推理策略,并采用关系数据库和面向对象的技术来具体编程实现,从而提高了推理机的效率,获得了较好的推理效果。     

医疗诊断专家系统推理机的设计与实现

专家系统是人工智能领域的重要分支,推理机是专家系统的重要组成部分.文中用关系数据库SQL Server2000设计诊断知识库,构造了一个医疗诊断专家系统,其推理机能够有效模拟医生的诊断思维.因此,它可以作为医生诊断疾病的一种辅助工具.根据疾病诊断的要求,仅对医疗诊断推理机的设计与实现方法进行了探讨,提出了一种基于正-反向推理的精确与不精确推理相结合的推理策略,并采用关系数据库和面向对象的技术来具体编程实现,从而提高了推理机的效率,获得了较好的推理效果.     

基于Java的通用不精确正向推理机的设计与实现

设计和开发了一个在网络上具有良好使用性能的通用不精确正向推理机.采用了Java语言和EJB技术来实现通用不精确正向推理机,并以中间件的形式实现了对知识库的操作.文中介绍了其设计思想,同时介绍了不精确正向推理机的实现方法.结果表明实际使用效果良好.同时,该推理机具有能在网络上共享、通用和不精确推理等特性,实现方便,可以基于它来构建功能更加强大的专家系统.     

基于Java的通用不精确正向推理机的设计与实现

设计和开发了一个在网络上具有良好使用性能的通用不精确正向推理机.采用了Java语言和EJB技术来实现通用不精确正向推理机,并以中间件的形式实现了对知识库的操作.文中介绍了其设计思想,同时介绍了不精确正向推理机的实现方法.结果表明实际使用效果良好.同时,该推理机具有能在网络上共享、通用和不精确推理等特性,实现方便,可以基于它来构建功能更加强大的专家系统.     

专家系统中的不精确推理概述

不精确推理是基于规则的专家系统的重要组成部分。本文综述了不同的不精确推理模型的基本理论,基本方法及其特点。在此基础上,作者给出了不精确推理模型的统一抽象描述和构造不精确推理模型应遵循的一般原则。     

基于WEB的非精确正向推理专家系统的研究与应用

文章介绍了非WEB的非精确正向推理专家系统的基本思想及存在的问题，通过增加其WEB功能，提出了基于WEB的非精确正向推理专家系统，使其能在Internet／Intranet上进行非精确诊断分析，并给出了模型设计思想，部分程序代码分析和一个知识库的例子。     

专家系统推理机在Windows下的实现

本文提出了一种称为“分类产生式规则”的专家系统知识表示方法,该方法实质性地改进行了传统的产生式规划,可有效地解决了基于规则的专家系统存在的知识组合爆炸和搜索匹配费用高的问题,同时,较好地解决了专家系统对数值计算无能为力的问题。采用分类产生式规则,已成功地建造了多个实用专家系统和一个专家系统开发工具。文中主要介绍了这种方法的表示形式、推理控制策略和在ＢｏｒｌａｎｄＣ＋＋ｆｏｒ Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ下推理机     

图象分析专家系统中的不精确推理

处理图象分析中的不确定性也是专家系统不可回避的任务.目前有多种用以表示不确定性,并能进行不精确推理的模型,主要有概率理论、证据理论和可能性理论;同时不精确推理的非数值方法也引起了人们的极大关注,如非单调逻辑.本文探讨了这些推理理论在一些具体图象分析问题中的应用途径.     

铝电解质温度和分子比的模糊专家控制

建立了一种新的模糊专家决策系统，用来解决一类复杂对象的控制问题，系统核心是基本模糊控制器和模糊专家决策规则。为了提高系统的鲁棒性，采用了基于可信度因子的不精确推理机制，以此专家系统为平台，开发了电解铝过程中氟化铝添加的模糊专家系统，控制电解质温度和分子比，实际应用表明，该模糊专家决策系统能满足控制要求，达到了节能降耗的目的。     

AN INTELLIGENT TUNING CONTROL TECHNIQUE

This paper argues that existing adaptive control algorithms are limited in many practical applications because they lack the inclusion of human intelligence, knowledge, reasoning skills, and human-machine interaction. To solve these problems, an Intelligent Tuning Control (ITC) technique is presented. The TTC technique combines expert system technology and adaptive control techniques and integrates numeric computation with symbolic reasoning. Since most physical systems have uncertainties to some extent, an inexact reasoning method is proposed in the knowledge-based component. The TTC system is implemented using a Lisp-based expert system shell on an IBM PC. The utility of the TTC technique has been positively confirmed by simulation results.     

A fuzzy expert system shell using both exact and inexact reasoning

This paper presents a comprehensive expert system shell which can deal with both exact and inexact reasoning. A prototype of this proposed shell, code named as SYSTEM Z-IIe, has been implemented successfully. It is a rule-based system which employs fuzzy logic and numbers for its reasoning. Two basic inexact concepts, fuzziness and uncertainty, are both used and distinct from each other clearly in the system. Moreover, these two concepts have been built into two levels for inexact reasoning, i.e. the level of the rules and facts, and the level of the values of the objects of these rules and facts. Other features of Z-IIe include multiple fuzzy propositions in rules and dual fact input mechanisms. It also allows any combinations of fuzzy and normal terms and uncertainties. Fuzzy numeric comparison logic control is also available for the rules and facts. Its natural language interface which uses English with restricted syntax improves the efficiency of knowledge engineering. Z-IIe is also coupled to a Database Management System for supplying facts from existing databases if appropriate. All these features can be combined to build very powerful expert systems and are illustrated by an example.     

Fuzzy concepts in expert systems

The authors present a comprehensive expert-system building tool, called System Z-II, that can deal with exact, fuzzy (or inexact), and combined reasoning, allowing fuzzy and normal terms to be freely mixed in the rules and facts of an expert system. This fully implemented tool has been used to build several expert systems in the fields of student curriculum advisement, medical diagnosis, psychoanalysis, and risk analysis. System Z-II is a rule-based system that uses fuzzy logic and fuzzy numbers for its inexact reasoning. It uses two basic inexact concepts, fuzziness and uncertainty, which are distinct from each other in the system     

Heterogeneous transformation of uncertainties of propositions amonginexact reasoning models

Cooperation between different expert systems within a heterogeneous distributed expert system is essentially based on the transformations between the reasoning models built into the structures of the involved systems. The general criteria for a transformation between heterogeneous inexact reasoning models have been formulated. Using an algebraic structure of semigroup (with individual unit elements) of inexact reasoning models, the criteria are natural and easily satisfied by homomorphic mapping as an implementation. The criteria presented are too weak to ensure the existence of a unique mapping between the models concerned, but they are strong enough to guarantee reasonable transformations. These general considerations are illustrated using the example of three inexact reasoning models used by EMYCIN, PROSPECTOR, and MYCIN, where the homomorphic transformations among them are constructed and discussed     

组合故障诊断技术在船舶柴油发电机组上的研究

本文对确定性理论和故障树的相关理论进行了深入的研究：提出了将确定性理论和故障树相结合用于专家系统的不精确推理的方法：介绍了用这种方法构造的一种适用于船舶柴油发电机组故障诊断的专家系统。应用结果表明：该故障诊断专家系统技术通用性和鲁棒性强，能够加快诊断速度，降低误诊率，尤其适合于复杂系统的故障诊断，具有很大的工程实用价值。     

Ecological applications using a novel expert system shell

Much of the information used by ecologists in modelling and decision making is imprecise. The imprecision arises both from data that are inexact or incomplete and from the use of ecological principles that are sometimes less than fully reliable and may be conflicting. Nevertheless, expert ecologists are able to construct usable models and make decisions that are used to manage and control ecological resources. This paper describes a unique expert system shell, developed in conjunction with user ecologists, which incorporates features enabling ecologists to represent knowledge and uncertainty in their expert systems in a way that is natural and appropriate. The reasoning mechanism was similarly developed in conjunction with user ecologists. It produces solutions to a class of expert level problems along with explanatory mechanisms and an appropriate analysis of the reasoning process. Three expert systems have been constructed by ecologists using this expert system shell. This enabled the shell designers to evaluate features for inclusion in the shell. The successful use of the shell by the ecologists has shown that significant economies arise when expert system shell design is tailored to use by a specific class of experts, in this case ecologists.     

某武器系统电控设备的故障诊断专家系统

以Visual Basic6.0为开发环境，Access97为数据库结构形式，DAO为数据库访问技术，开发了某武器系统电控设备故障诊断专家系统，介绍了系统的功能组成和实现方法。研究了一般产生式规则与模糊产生式规则相结合的知识表示方法以及精确推理与模糊推理相结合、基于规则的推理和基于实例的推理相结合的推理机制。     

基于MFT的旋窑烧成态窑内温度专家控制系统

提出用一种神经网络模型——平均场理论来建立多向推理专家系统的方法。详细阐明利用平均场理论的互连性建立水泥厂旋窑烧成态气流温度及物料温度控制的多向推理专家系统的设计过程．给出利用多向推理专家系统控制旋窑烧成态温度的仿真结果，为旋窑窑温监控智能化打下了坚实的基础。     

Applications of a novel fuzzy expert system shell

Abstract: Much of the information resident in the knowledge base of a typical expert system is imprecise, incomplete or not totally reliable. The special features of a novel expert system shell based on fuzzy logic and numbers are presented. This rule-based system can deal with exact, inexact (fuzzy) and combined reasoning as well as uncertainty represented by fuzzy numbers. Natural language interface is built in naturally using fuzzy logic representation. Several application areas, namely, classification, risk analysis and information retrieval, are discussed with four appropriate sample expert systems actually built using this shell. Through these expert systems, the additional power and advantages over traditional expert systems are illustrated. It has been demonstrated that the introduction of fuzzy concepts into expert systesms is not feasible but highly desirable.     

航电设备故障诊断专家系统

故障诊断专家系统在自动测试与诊断领域有着广泛的应用,它是自动测试系统的核心技术之一．介绍了某型机航电设备故障诊断专家系统,运用规则推理与Hash算法相结合的综合推理方式进行故障快速定位及故障预测,提出视情维修建议,提高了航电系统的故障检测率及故障诊断效率．