一种基于MEMS惯性传感器的手势识别方法

随着手机等移动电子设备的发展,应用于嵌入式平台的基于MEMS惯性传感器的手势识别成为一个研究热点.提出了一种简单有效的手势识别方法:通过分析手势的运动学特征,在线实时提取手势的加速度和角速度信号特征量,截取手势信号段,利用决策树分类器进行预分类,根据手势信号的变化规律实时识别具体的手势.该方法在20位实验者中获得了96％的平均准确率,手势识别时间小于0.01s.实验结果表明该算法在嵌入式平台下能快速准确地识别手势,满足了实时人机交互的要求.     

基于虚拟现实的人机交互中的多特征手势识别追踪算法的研究

文章首先分析了虚拟现实人机交互中的要点部分,总结为视线选择与虚拟场景构建,并对其中的构成要点技术加以论述。在此基础上重点探讨实现虚拟现实人机交互环境下多特征手势识别的追踪算法,结合实际案例整理出识别后的多特征手势虚拟图,帮助人们更直观地了解虚拟现实技术下手势识别效果。     

基于弹性图匹配的静态手势识别

手势识别已成为人机交互技术的关键之一.本文提出了基于弹性图匹配的静态手势识别算法.弹性图匹配的关键是Gabor函数参数的选择,本文通过分析Gabor函数特性,恰当地选择了Gabor函数的参数,并考虑手势的平移、旋转和大小,对1到9的数字手势进行了识别实验,结果表明本算法是可行的.     

基于肤色检测与卷积神经网络的手势识别

针对光照变化、背景噪声等复杂环境对手势识别的影响,提出了一种基于YCb Cr空间肤色分割去除背景结合卷积神经网络进行手势识别方法。首先根据人体肤色在YCb Cr颜色空间中的聚类效果,采用基于椭圆模型的肤色检测方法进行手势分割;然后对分割后的手势图像提取骨架与边缘相融合的手势特征图;再通过深层次的Alex Net卷积神经网络结构,对经过融合的手势特征图进行识别。实验结果表明,针对复杂的背景环境,该算法具有较强的鲁棒性,在不同数据集下对手势的平均识别率提升了4%,可以达到99.93%。     

基于视觉的动态手势识别研究综述

手势自古以来在人类交流方面扮演着非常重要的角色,而基于视觉的动态手势识别技术是利用计算机视觉、物联网感知等新兴技术和3D视觉传感器等新型设备让机器能够理解人类的手势,从而让人类能和机器更好地交流,因此对于人机交互等领域的研究很有意义。介绍了动态手势识别中所用到的传感器技术,并比较了相关传感器的技术参数。通过追踪近年来国内外关于视觉的动态手势识别技术,陈述了动态手势识别的处理流程：手势检测与分割、手势追踪、手势分类。通过对比各流程所涉及的方法,可以发现深度学习具有较强的容错性、高度并行性、抗干扰性等一系列优点,在手势识别领域取得了远高于传统学习算法的成就。最后分析了动态手势识别目前遇到的挑战和未来可能的发展方向。     

基于视觉的手势识别方法及其在数字信号处理器上的实现

针对手势识别算法复杂度高、在嵌入式系统上运行效率低的问题,提出一种以定点运算为主的基于形状特征的手势识别方法。采用内部最大圆法和圆截法提取特征点,在手掌内部寻找一个最大圆来获取掌心坐标;同时根据指尖的几何特征,在手形边缘以画圆的方式获取指尖,从而得到手势的手指数、方向和掌心位置等特征信息;再对这些特征信息进行分类并识别。通过对算法进行改进,完成了在数字信号处理器(DSP)上的移植。实验证明该方法对于不同人的手具有适应性,适合在DSP上处理,与其他基于形状特征的手势识别算法相比,平均识别率提高了1.6%~8.6%,计算机对算法的处理速度提高了2%,因此所提算法有利于嵌入式手势识别系统的实现,为嵌入式手势识别系统打下基础。     

基于视觉的手势识别方法及其在数字信号处理器上的实现

针对手势识别算法复杂度高、在嵌入式系统上运行效率低的问题,提出一种以定点运算为主的基于形状特征的手势识别方法。采用内部最大圆法和圆截法提取特征点,在手掌内部寻找一个最大圆来获取掌心坐标;同时根据指尖的几何特征,在手形边缘以画圆的方式获取指尖,从而得到手势的手指数、方向和掌心位置等特征信息;再对这些特征信息进行分类并识别。通过对算法进行改进,完成了在数字信号处理器（DSP）上的移植。实验证明该方法对于不同人的手具有适应性,适合在DSP上处理,与其他基于形状特征的手势识别算法相比,平均识别率提高了1.6%~8.6%,计算机对算法的处理速度提高了2%,因此所提算法有利于嵌入式手势识别系统的实现,为嵌入式手势识别系统打下基础。     

复杂背景下基于空间分布特征的手势识别算法

为实现复杂背景下的手势识别,根据手势图像的区域形状特征提出一种基于手势空间分布特征的手势识别算法.利用复杂背景下基于亮度高斯模型的手势分割算法分割出肤色区域,利用"搜索窗口"筛选当前肤色区域实现手势定位,并提取包括空间相对密度特征和指节相对间距特征的手势空间分布特征,最后综合手势的2个手势特征向量计算总的相似性来识别手势.通过引入随机采样机制提高识别速度,并引入搜索窗口机制实现肤色干扰时的手势识别.实验结果表明,在环境光照相对稳定的条件下,文中算法能够实现鲁棒的实时手势识别,且具有很好的旋转、平移、缩放不变性,对于差异较大的手势识别率高达98%.     

基于触摸屏的手势遥控系统

传统遥控方式对用户的限制和束缚降低了用户体验质量。为此,提出一种基于触摸屏的手势遥控系统。通过分析触摸手势元动作,对触摸手势进行分类和数学建模,设计该遥控系统的触摸手势识别算法。该算法充分考虑了用户的认知和行为习惯差异,实现智能电视的手势遥控系统,收集真实用户在使用该遥控系统时的操作习惯,进一步提高触摸手势及其对应的遥控操作的识别准确率。实验结果表明,该算法能较好地区分易引起误操作的触摸手势,使得平均识别准确率达到99%。     

基于摄像头的近距手势识别系统的设计

随着电子技术的不断发展,人机交互方式也在得到转变,手势识别作为其中一项典型应用正吸引越来越多人的关注,本文即在嵌入式平台上通过相关算法实现了基本的手势动作识别。文中利用摄像头进行手势图像数据采集,采用STM32作为微处理器,对图像进行差影分割、噪声去除等处理,完成了近距离范围内对运动手势的实时定位和基本识别,并在此基础上对游戏俄罗斯方块进行了控制,实现了手势识别技术在人机交互中的应用,很好得体现出手势操作的便利性和全新用户体验。     

融合关节旋转特征和指尖距离特征的手势识别

作为人机交互的重要方式,手势交互和识别由于其具有的高自由度而成为计算机图形学、虚拟现实与人机交互等领域的研究热点.传统直接提取手势轮廓或手部关节点位置信息的手势识别方法,其提取的特征通常难以准确表示手势之间的区别.针对手势识别中不同手势具有的高自由度以及由于手势图像分辨率低、背景杂乱、手被遮挡、手指形状尺寸不同、个体差异性导致手势特征表示不准确等问题,本文提出了一种新的融合关节旋转特征和指尖距离特征的手势特征表示与手势识别方法.首先从手势深度图中利用手部模板并将手部看成链段结构提取手部20个关节点的3D位置信息;然后利用手部关节点位置信息提取四元数关节旋转特征和指尖距离特征,该表示构成了手势特征的内在表示;最后利用一对一支持向量机对手势进行有效识别分类.本文不仅提出了一种新的手势特征表示与提取方法,该表示融合了关节旋转信息和指尖距离特征;而且从理论上证明了该特征表示能唯一地表征手势关节点的位置信息;同时提出了基于一对一SVM多分类策略进行手势分类与识别.对ASTAR静态手势深度图数据集中8类中国数字手势和21类美国字母手势数据集分别进行了实验验证,其分类识别准确率分别为99.71%和85.24%.实验结果表明,本文提出的基于关节旋转特征和指尖距离特征的融合特征能很好地表示不同手势的几何特征,能准确地表征静态手势并进行手势识别.     

A Real-Time Approach to the Spotting, Representation, and Recognition of Hand Gestures for Human–Computer Interaction

Aiming at the use of hand gestures for human–computer interaction, this paper presents a real-time approach to the spotting, representation, and recognition of hand gestures from a video stream. The approach exploits multiple cues including skin color, hand motion, and shape. Skin color analysis and coarse image motion detection are joined to perform reliable hand gesture spotting. At a higher level, a compact spatiotemporal representation is proposed for modeling appearance changes in image sequences containing hand gestures. The representation is extracted by combining robust parameterized image motion regression and shape features of a segmented hand. For efficient recognition of gestures made at varying rates, a linear resampling technique for eliminating the temporal variation (time normalization) while maintaining the essential information of the original gesture representations is developed. The gesture is then classified according to a training set of gestures. In experiments with a library of 12 gestures, the recognition rate was over 90%. Through the development of a prototype gesture-controlled panoramic map browser, we demonstrate that a vocabulary of predefined hand gestures can be used to interact successfully with applications running on an off-the-shelf personal computer equipped with a home video camera.     

复杂环境中多信息融合的手势识别

针对复杂环境中的手势识别问题,提出了一种融合深度信息和红外信息的手势识别方法。首先利用Kinect摄像头的深度信息进行动态实时手势分割,然后融合红外图像复原手势区域。解决了实时手势分割和利用手势的空间分布特征进行手势识别时由于分割的手势区域有缺损或有人脸干扰时识别率低的问题。经实验验证,提出的方法不仅不受环境光线的影响,而且可以识别区分度较小的手势,对旋转、缩放、平移的手势识别也具有鲁棒性。对于区分度较大的手势,识别率高达100%。     

A novel approach for dynamic hand gesture recognition using contour-based similarity images

A novel approach is proposed for the recognition of moving hand gestures based on the representation of hand motions as contour-based similarity images (CBSIs). The CBSI was constructed by calculating the similarity between hand contours in different frames. The input CBSI was then matched with CBSIs in the database to recognize the hand gesture. The proposed continuous hand gesture recognition algorithm can simultaneously divide the continuous gestures into disjointed gestures and recognize them. No restrictive assumptions were considered for the motion of the hand between the disjointed gestures. The proposed algorithm was tested using hand gestures from American Sign Language and the results showed a recognition rate of 91.3% for disjointed gestures and 90.4% for continuous gestures. The experimental results illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm for noisy videos.     

基于RGBD数据的静态手势识别

提出一种基于RGBD数据的手势识别方法,首先采用融合深度信息和彩色信息的手势分割算法分割出手势区域;其次提取静态手势轮廓的圆形度、凸包点及凸缺陷点、7Hu矩特征组成特征向量;最后采用SVM进行静态手势识别。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地识别预定义的5种静态手势,且对环境的适应性比较强。     

A probabilistic model for state sequence analysis in hidden Markov model for hand gesture recognition

The role of gesture recognition is significant in areas like human‐computer interaction, sign language, virtual reality, machine vision, etc. Among various gestures of the human body, hand gestures play a major role to communicate nonverbally with the computer. As the hand gesture is a continuous pattern with respect to time, the hidden Markov model (HMM) is found to be the most suitable pattern recognition tool, which can be modeled using the hand gesture parameters. The HMM considers the speeded up robust feature features of hand gesture and uses them to train and test the system. Conventionally, the Viterbi algorithm has been used for training process in HMM by discovering the shortest decoded path in the state diagram. The recursiveness of the Viterbi algorithm leads to computational complexity during the execution process. In order to reduce the complexity, the state sequence analysis approach is proposed for training the hand gesture model, which provides a better recognition rate and accuracy than that of the Viterbi algorithm. The performance of the proposed approach is explored in the context of pattern recognition with the Cambridge hand gesture data set.     

基于视觉的多特征手势识别

手势是一种自然直观的交互方式,基于视觉的手势识别是实现新一代人机交互的关键技术。本文在已有的手势识别技术基础上,从手势分割及手势表示两方面着手,提出了一种单目视觉下的手势识别方法。利用颜色特征检测肤色区域,成功分割出人手;利用人手的轮廓及凸缺陷检测指尖,再利用指尖的数目和方位来表示一个手势,进而结合轮廓长度和面积等几何特征完成手势识别。传统的指尖检测方法需要遍历并扫描手掌外轮廓,计算量大,本文通过凸缺陷检测指尖,减少了计算量,提高了指尖检测的速度。实验结果表明,本文的方法具有很好的鲁棒性及实时性,能适应环境的变化。     

Hand gesture recognition based on dynamic Bayesian network framework

In this paper, we propose a new method for recognizing hand gestures in a continuous video stream using a dynamic Bayesian network or DBN model. The proposed method of DBN-based inference is preceded by steps of skin extraction and modelling, and motion tracking. Then we develop a gesture model for one- or two-hand gestures. They are used to define a cyclic gesture network for modeling continuous gesture stream. We have also developed a DP-based real-time decoding algorithm for continuous gesture recognition. In our experiments with 10 isolated gestures, we obtained a recognition rate upwards of 99.59% with cross validation. In the case of recognizing continuous stream of gestures, it recorded 84% with the precision of 80.77% for the spotted gestures. The proposed DBN-based hand gesture model and the design of a gesture network model are believed to have a strong potential for successful applications to other related problems such as sign language recognition although it is a bit more complicated requiring analysis of hand shapes.     

基于自适应子空间在线PCA的手势识别

基于视觉的手势识别系统的学习一般是离线的,导致系统对新手势的正确识别需要重新离线学习,因此系统实时性、可扩展性和鲁棒性较差,不适合认知发育的智能框架。文中提出了基于自适应子空间在线PCA的手势识别方法。该方法通过计算样本投影系数向量的PCA来实现子空间在线更新,并根据新样本与已学习样本的差异程度,调整子空间更新策略,使算法自适应于不同情况,减少计算和存储开销,实现增量的在线学习和识别手势的目的。实验表明,本文方法能处理未知手势问题,实现手势在线积累和更新,逐渐增强系统识别能力。     

Static hand gesture recognition using neural networks

This paper presents a novel technique for hand gesture recognition through human–computer interaction based on shape analysis. The main objective of this effort is to explore the utility of a neural network-based approach to the recognition of the hand gestures. A unique multi-layer perception of neural network is built for classification by using back-propagation learning algorithm. The goal of static hand gesture recognition is to classify the given hand gesture data represented by some features into some predefined finite number of gesture classes. The proposed system presents a recognition algorithm to recognize a set of six specific static hand gestures, namely: Open, Close, Cut, Paste, Maximize, and Minimize. The hand gesture image is passed through three stages, preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. In preprocessing stage some operations are applied to extract the hand gesture from its background and prepare the hand gesture image for the feature extraction stage. In the first method, the hand contour is used as a feature which treats scaling and translation of problems (in some cases). The complex moment algorithm is, however, used to describe the hand gesture and treat the rotation problem in addition to the scaling and translation. The algorithm used in a multi-layer neural network classifier which uses back-propagation learning algorithm. The results show that the first method has a performance of 70.83% recognition, while the second method, proposed in this article, has a better performance of 86.38% recognition rate.