红穿破石中大黄素的含量测定技术

目的建立红穿破石中大黄素含量的高效液相色谱测定方法。方法选用eclipse xdb-c18色谱柱（4.6mm×150mm，5μm），以甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液（75∶25）为流动相，检测波长为285nm。结果大黄素在0.0063～0.063μg范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.999 9），平均回收率为102.0%，rsd=1.58%（n=6）。结论本法简便，准确，可用于红穿破石中大黄素的含量测定。     

三叉神经节递质的UHPLC-MS/MS法测定

该文采用UHPLC-MS/MS建立一种同时测定大鼠三叉神经节中4种神经递质的方法。SD大鼠三叉神经节组织匀浆后,加乙腈沉淀蛋白,制备成供试品溶液;以Discovery HS F5-3(2.1 mm×150 mm,3.0μm)为色谱柱,0.1%甲酸溶液(A相)和0.1%甲酸-40%乙腈溶液(B相)为流动相,梯度洗脱进行分离;然后在+ESI和MRM模式下检测,以Glycine-N15为内标。结果表明:4种氨基酸的线性关系良好(r2≥0.999),检测限和定量限分别为0.14～1.23ng/mL和0.47～4.11ng/mL;在浓度范围内,进样精密度、日内和日间精密度良好, RSD分别在0.90%～5.17%,3.01%～7.19%,4.64%～14.49%;加样回收率为94.8%～108%。大鼠三叉神经节炎症模型在0,1,3,5,7 d4种神经递质的含量均发生不同程度的变化,其中天门冬氨酸(Asp)在炎症期没有明显的变化(P0.05),而其余3种递质变化显著(P0.05),且谷氨酸(Glu)最明显,体外实验也证实Glu在炎症条件下含量增加。所建方法可高效同时分离检测三叉神经中4种氨基酸的含量,有较好的使用价值。     

HPLC测定马甲子药材中马甲子1~#的含量

建立HPLC测定马甲子1#含量的方法,采用BDS HYPERSIL C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×100 mm×2.4μm),以乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为320 nm。结果表明马甲子1#在0.021 4~0.854 4μg(r=0.999 9)范围进样量与峰面积线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为99.4%(RSD=1.18%)。该方法快速,准确,重现性好,可用于测定马甲子中马甲子1#的含量。     

UPLC同时测定决明子中橙黄决明素、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的含量

建立UPLC同时测定决明子中橙黄决明素、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚含量的方法,采用ACQUITY UPLCBEH-C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm×1.7μm),乙腈和0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相,采用梯度洗脱,流速为0.6 mL/min,检测波长为284nm。结果表明橙黄决明素、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚分别在3.002～30.02μg/mL、2.500～25.00μg/mL、10.430～104.30μg/mL和5.916～59.16μg/mL的浓度范围内均有良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9),回收率均大于95%,RSD均小于2%。该方法快速,准确,重现性好,可用于测定决明子中橙黄决明素、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的含量。     

藏药牦牛血粉饮片中氨基酸和无机元素测定

为建立藏药牦牛血粉饮片中氨基酸和无机元素的定性和定量分析方法,试验采用高效液相色谱-柱后衍生法对牦牛血粉中游离氨基酸进行测定:离子交换柱(2.5 mm×150 mm,6μm),检测波长为570 nm、440 nm,测试方法为单点矫正法;采用微波消解-ICP-MS对牦牛血粉中无机元素进行测定:测定模式为碰撞反应模式,碰撞气(He)流量5 mL/min。数据采集模式:跳峰扫描,采样深度8.0 mm,重复扫描3次。结果表明:牦牛血粉中含有一定量的游离氨基酸,其中包括8种人体必须氨基酸。无机元素以Al、Na、Mg、K、Ca、Fe为主,还含有V、Cr、Mn、Zn、Co、Ni、Cu、Se等人体所需微量元素,各无机元素均在浓度考察范围内,线性关系良好(r^2>0.9984),加样回收率在99.2%~108.4%之间。该研究初步明确藏药牦牛血粉饮片中氨基酸和无机元素的组成,方法准确高效,为综合评价藏药牦牛血粉饮片的质量提供科学依据和方法参考。     

L-环己基甘氨酸工业品中L-苯甘氨酸的HPLC测定

建立一种测定L-环己基甘氨酸工业品中L-苯甘氨酸含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法。色谱柱为Agela Innoval C18(250 mm×4.6 mm×5μm),采用乙腈-20 mmol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(v∶v=8∶92)为流动相(p H 5.0)。L-苯甘氨酸在质量浓度为1.25×10-4~0.5 mg/m L时线性关系良好,相关系数r2为0.998 7。实际样品中L-苯甘氨酸日内和日间测定精密度分别为1.2%和2.7%,回收率为102.7%。所建立的HPLC方法能够很好地提供L-环己基甘氨酸样品中相关杂质L-苯甘氨酸的含量信息,并可反映出L-环己基甘氨酸的原料转化率,从而有效地指导其生产工艺的控制。     

气相色谱法测定防水涂料中苯酚含量

建立气相色谱内标法测定防水涂料中苯酚的含量。该方法采用HP-5(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm)色谱柱,程序升温,进样口温度为240℃,以氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)检测,检测器温度为250℃,用保留时间定性,以正庚烷为内标计算苯酚含量。方法检出限为0.1mg/kg。样品加标回收率为97.4%～102.3%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.0%～1.3%(n=8)。该方法简单,测定结果准确、重复性好,可用于防水涂料中苯酚含量的检测。     

茶叶中多菌灵和甲萘威农药残留量的测定

采用高效液相色谱法测定茶叶中多菌灵和甲萘威农药残留。通过乙腈提取凝胶渗透色谱净化(GPC)和在线浓缩方式预处理;样品检测条件:色谱柱为WatersC18柱(3.0×250mm,5μm),采用乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,流速0.5mL/min,PDA检测器,检测波长为285.2nm和220.3nm,进样量5μL。回收率为84.5%～103.2%;RSD为3.2%～4.5%;多菌灵的农药检测限为0.1μg/mL、甲萘威的农药检测限为0.03μg/mL。     

UPLC测定黄连中盐酸小檗碱和盐酸巴马汀的含量

建立UPLC测定黄连中盐酸小檗碱和盐酸巴马汀含量的方法。采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH-C18色谱柱(2.1mm×50 mm×1.7μm),以乙腈-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL/min,检测波长为350 nm。结果表明盐酸小檗碱和盐酸巴马汀分别在0.037 2～0.297 6μg/mL,0.008 2～0.065 6μg/mL的浓度范围内均有良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),回收率均大于95%,RSD均小于2%。该方法快速、准确、重现性好,可用于测定黄连中盐酸小檗碱和盐酸巴马汀的含量。     

QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-质谱法测定禽、畜肉中氨基比林

建立QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-质谱法测定禽、畜肉中氨基比林残留量的分析方法。液相色谱条件为:色谱柱C18(2.1×50mm,1.8μm);流动相为A:5mmol/L乙酸铵+0.1%甲酸水溶液,B:乙腈;梯度洗脱;柱温为35℃;流速为0.2mL/min;进样量为2μL。质谱条件为:电喷雾离子源(ESI+),多反应监测(MRM)方式进行采集。结果表明:优化的最佳QuEChERS组成为:4g Na2SO4、1gNaCl作为萃取盐,乙腈(1%乙酸)作为萃取溶剂,d-SPE过程中使用600mg Na2SO4、150mg C18,方法的最低定量限为0.1μg/kg,氨基比林在0.02～10μg/L范围内有良好的线性关系,在0.5～5.0μg/kg的浓度添加水平上,其回收率在89.3%～102.2%,相对标准偏差小于15%。改进的QuEChERS方法前处理便捷,灵敏度高,回收率高,适用于禽、畜肉中氨基比林残留量的测定。     

Determination of the Acidic Degradation Products,Acetic, Propionic,Butyric, and Phthalic Acid in Aqueous Pseudolatexes of Cellulosic Esters by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

An isocratic, reversed-phase HPLC method was developed to quantify the organic acids, acetic, propionic, butyric, and phthalic acid, formed as a result of ester hydrolysis, in pseudolatexes of cellulosic esters. Colloidal dispersions of cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, and cellulose acetate propionate were prepared by a microfluidization-solvent evaporation method. Dispersions of cellulose acetate phthalate were prepared by redispersion of a spraydried commercial pseudolatex. The acids were detected at 210 nm, the mobile phase being 0.025 M phosphate buffer: methanol (80:20 v/v%, pH 3.0). The peak height response was linear over the studied concentration range of 2 – 10 mM/L for the aliphatic acids and 20–100 μM/L for phthalic acid. The minimum detectable quantities for acetic, propionic, butyric, and phthalic acid were 0.02 mM/L, 0.05 mM/L, 0.1 mM/L, and 0.0005 mM/L, corresponding to a % change in acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, and phthalyl content of 4.0 × 10⁴, 1.2 × 10³, 2.9 × 10³, and 2.8 × 10^?5 for a 30% w/v pseudolatex. The colloidal polymer particles were separated by ultracentrifugation, filtration, or flocculation with aluminum chloride solution before analysis of the aqueous phase. Similar acid concentrations were obtained for the three separation methods. The recovery from spiked samples was almost complete for acetic, approximately 90% for propionic acid, and less than 80% for butyric acid.     

CE/electrospray ionization-MS analysis of underivatized d/l-amino acids and several small neurotransmitters at attomole levels through the use of 18-crown-6-tetracarboxylic acid as a complexation reagent/background electrolyte

A new capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry technique is introduced for attomole detection of primary amines (including several neurotransmitters), amino acids, and their d/l enantiomers in one run through the use of a complexation reagent while using only approximately 1 nL of sample. The technique uses underivatized amino acids in conjunction with an underivatized capillary, which significantly reduces cost and analysis time. It was found that when (+)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid (18-C-6-TCA, MW 440) was used as the background electrolyte/complexation reagent during the capillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS) analysis of underivatized amino acids, stable complexes were formed between the amino acids and the 18-C-6-TCA molecules. These complexes, which exhibited high ionization efficiencies, were detectable at attomole levels for most amino acids. The detection limits of the AA/18-C-6-TCA complexes were on the average more than 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the free amino acids in solution. In addition to lower detection limits under CE/ESI-MS, a solution of 18-C-6-TCA in the concentration range of 5-30 mM provided high separation efficiency for mixtures of l-amino acids as well as mixtures of d/l-amino acids. By using a solution of 18-C-6-TCA as the background electrolyte in conjunction with an underivatized, 130-cm-long, 20-microm-i.d., 150-microm-o.d. fused-silica capillary and by monitoring the m/z range of the amino acid/18-C-6-TCA complexes (m/z 515-700), most of the standard amino acids and many of their enantiomers were separated and detected with high separation efficiency and high sensitivity (nanomolar concentration detection limits) in one run. The solutions of 18-C-6-TCA also worked well as the CE/ESI-MS BGE for low-level detection of several neurotransmitters and some of their d/l enantiomers as well as for the analysis of amino acids at endogenous levels in lysed red blood cells.     

高效液相色谱法检测间氨基苯酚和间氨基苯磺酸

采用高效液相色谱法同时测定工业产品中间氨基苯酚和间氨基苯磺酸的含量。以0.1mol/L磷酸二氢铵为流动相,采用Supelcosill C-18-DB(5μm,150mm×4.6mmI.D.)色谱柱,紫外检测波长205nm。此方法分离效能高,分析快速准确、灵敏度高、重现性好,适合工业生产中的监控。     

Determination of the Acidic Degradation Products, Acetic, Propionic, Butyric, and Phthalic Acid in Aqueous Pseudolatexes of Cellulosic Esters by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

An isocratic, reversed-phase HPLC method was developed to quantify the organic acids, acetic, propionic, butyric, and phthalic acid, formed as a result of ester hydrolysis, in pseudolatexes of cellulosic esters. Colloidal dispersions of cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, and cellulose acetate propionate were prepared by a microfluidization-solvent evaporation method. Dispersions of cellulose acetate phthalate were prepared by redispersion of a spraydried commercial pseudolatex. The acids were detected at 210 nm, the mobile phase being 0.025 M phosphate buffer: methanol (80:20 v/v%, pH 3.0). The peak height response was linear over the studied concentration range of 2 - 10 mM/L for the aliphatic acids and 20-100 μM/L for phthalic acid. The minimum detectable quantities for acetic, propionic, butyric, and phthalic acid were 0.02 mM/L, 0.05 mM/L, 0.1 mM/L, and 0.0005 mM/L, corresponding to a % change in acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, and phthalyl content of 4.0 × 10⁴, 1.2 × 10³, 2.9 × 10³, and 2.8 × 10^-5 for a 30% w/v pseudolatex. The colloidal polymer particles were separated by ultracentrifugation, filtration, or flocculation with aluminum chloride solution before analysis of the aqueous phase. Similar acid concentrations were obtained for the three separation methods. The recovery from spiked samples was almost complete for acetic, approximately 90% for propionic acid, and less than 80% for butyric acid.     

Validated quantitation of underivatized amino acids in human blood samples by volatile ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry

Quantitation of amino acids in complex matrixes without derivatization is advantageous; however, difficulties exist in both the separation and the detection of those compounds. A validated method that is based on the use of volatile ion-pair liquid chromatography coupled to stable isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry has been developed for the simple and accurate quantitation of underivatized amino acids in biological samples. Sufficient separation of 22 underivatized amino acids was achieved on a C18 column in 36 min using perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHA) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as mobile phase modifiers. The collisionally activated dissociation spectra of the amino acids were investigated and the transitions of [M + H]+ --> [M + H - 46]+, which are specific to alpha-amino acids, were used for the detection of most amino acids and their stable isotopes. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.10-100 microg/mL, and the detection limits were 0.03-20 pmol on column. The quantitative results by this method were compared with those by an established OPA-derivatization HPLC method in the assay of 8 human serum samples, and better recovery and precision data of this method were observed. The method was also applied to the neonatal screening for phenylketonuria (PKU) with dry blood spots, and the results were satisfactory. This is the first time that all proteinogenic amino acids have been quantified directly from biological extracts without any kind of derivaization. The technique shows potential for routine determination of amino acids and analogous compounds in complex matrixes.     

烟草制丝过程中游离氨基酸的变化研究

超声波水解提取烟叶中的游离氨基酸、AccQ-2A氨基酸衍生化试剂衍生化、反相高效液相色谱法测定卷烟制丝过程中松片回潮、润叶加料、烘丝三个工序前后烟丝中的游离氨基酸。结果表明:制丝加工制丝过程中A、B两个不同牌号的16种游离氨基酸总量增加,幅度分别达32.5%和22.1%。     

柱前衍生-高效液相色谱荧光法测定人血浆中乙酰半胱氨酸及其生物等效性研究

建立一种快速、准确测定人血浆中乙酰半胱氨酸(N-acetylcysteine,NAC)含量的柱前衍生-高效液相色谱荧光法,并使用该方法对NAC不同剂型间的人体生物等效性进行研究。以NAC与N-(1-芘)马来酰亚胺(N-(1-Pyrenyl)maleimide,NPM)进行衍生化反应后进样测定;采用Diamonsil C18色谱柱(5μm×150 mm×4.6 mm)分离,流动相组成为:乙腈-10mmol·L-1NaH2PO(4含TMA 10mmol·L-1,H3PO4调pH至3.4)为50∶50。采用上述方法测定人血浆中NAC浓度,计算药物动力学参数并进行生物等效性评价。NAC 0.1～6.58μg·mL-1的浓度范围内呈良好线性,血浆中NAC定量下线为0.1μg·mL-1,方法回收率在85.3%-103.3%之间,日内、日间RSD均小于15%。该方法准确、快速、灵敏,可用于NAC的治疗药物监测、人体内药代动力学及生物等效性研究,两种制剂生物等效。     

A Validated Stability Indicating LC Method for Nateglinide

ABSTRACT

A simple, isocratic, rapid and accurate reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the quantitative determination of Nateglinide. The developed method is also applicable for determination of related substance in bulk drugs. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Hypersil C18 (250 × 4.6 mm 5 μm) column using aqueous mixture of 0.025 M potassium hydrogen phosphate and 0.1% triethyl amine, v/v (pH 3.0 with dilute phosphoric acid)—methanol (25:75, v/v) as a mobile phase. Solution concentrations were measured on a weight basis to avoid the use of an internal standard. The chromatographic resolutions between Nateglinide and its potential impurities A and B were found to be greater than four. Forced degradation studies were performed for Nateglinide using acid (0.5 N hydrochloric acid), base (0.5 N sodium hydroxide), oxidation (3% hydrogen peroxide) heat (60°C) and UV light (254 nm). The limit of detection and limit of quantification of Nateglinide, impurities A and B were found to be 0.05 and 0.15 μg /mL, respectively for 20 μL injection volume. The percentage recovery of Nateglinide was ranged from 98.4 to 100.9. The percentage recovery of impurities in Nateglinide sample was ranged from 96.8 to 103.5. The developed RP-HPLC method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, and forced degradation studies prove the stability indicating power of the method.     

Fabrication of capped gold nanoparticles by using various amino acids

The production of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) by amino acid is one of the most attractive and interesting subjects in nanobiotechnology. In this study, amino acids have been utilised as a reducing agent and also an agent for capping GNPs. The GNPs were prepared using a reduction solution containing gold cations with optimum concentration of gold salt (5?mM), and also functionalised by glutamic acid, phenylalanine and tryptophan with optimum concentration of amino acids (25?mM). The optimum condition of gold solution and amino acids were achieved by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The size of nanoparticles was obtained 5–20, 10–20 and 20–30?nm, respectively, by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering techniques. The results obtained from experimental and quantum calculations confirm that amino acids have strong bond while they have anion binding. Moreover, the free carboxylic groups of capped GNPs are one of the suitable and capable beads for binding biological agents. As a result, the medical applications of amino acids and proteins can be used as a practical method due to the strong interaction of peripheral amine groups with nanoparticles.