Single-chip microcomputer for use in automotive instrumentation

A single-chip microcomputer for automotive applications is described, with specially reference to its application to trip computers. The chip is based on a standard chip (the SAB 8021) and includes peripheral circuitry comprising an A/D converter, 4-, 8- and 16-bit counters, keyboard decoder, display driver and low-power time-of-day clock. The standard chip's RAM and ROM capacities are doubled. The article described various working applications in which the single-chip microcomputer has been used, namely in two types of trip computers. The emulation system is also outlined.     

车用分布式OSEK系统的实时诊断平台研究*

目前符合OSEK/VDX规范和CAN总线标准的分布式应用正逐渐成为汽车电子主流。为提高这类应用的性能和可靠性,迫切需要一个对多节点的分布式控制系统进行在线测试和性能评价的开发工具和平台。将对如何在CAN网络环境下构造一个开放的符合OSEK/VDX规范的分布式汽车电子开发平台及其测试与诊断方法进行探讨,以便支持用户分布式应用开发的在线测试和修正。     

车用分布式OSEK系统的实时诊断平台研究

目前符合OSEK／VDX规范和CAN总线标准的分布式应用正逐渐成为汽车电子主流。为提高这类应用的性能和可靠性，迫切需要一个对多节点的分布式控制系统进行在线测试和性能评价的开发工具和平台。将对如何在CAN网络环境下构造一个开放的符合OSEK／VDX规范的分布式汽车电子开发平台及其测试与诊断方法进行探讨，以便支持用户分布式应用开发的在线测试和修正。     

Can Chaos Theory Explain Complexity In Urban Fabric? Applications in Traditional Muslim Settlements

The present work is a limited analysis of the traditional urban fabric of Muslim cities in the light of this theory. Chaos theory provides better instruments for the analysis and understanding of the traditional urban fabric in old Muslim cities that have, paradoxically, long been considered as lacking order and thus “chaotic” in the pejorative sense! Beyond the analysis, our study also aims at providing a fresh approach to the built environment that shifts the architectural and planning professions from the traditional design and planning approach to a self-generating process that, once set up, would function and develop without need for intervention. However, the present study will be limited to the application of such concepts at two levels. At the urban level, it will provide evidence of the existence of chaos and fractals at the scale of the city. At the domestic level, concepts are applied to housing evolution and community spaces.     

基于RFID的汽车零件运输跟踪系统设计

给出了一种基于RFID/GPRS的汽车零件运输跟踪系统的设计和实现。系统由总控中心、车载终端、客户终端、GPRS无线网及互联网等四部分组成。车载终端向总控中心发送的汽车零件RFID编码及所在的地理位置信息由总控中心处理。用户可用手机、电脑等客户终端设备,通过互联网与总控中心的服务器连接,输入RFID编号,即可查询到零件所在地理位置。由于系统使用了RFID和GPRS无线通信技术,具有较强的实时性,能够实现汽车零件在运输过程中的在线全程跟踪。     

汽车组合仪表振动失效仿真

针对某公司已经批量生产的组合仪表产品A和在A基础上内部结构发生变化的产品B这2款产品,在同样的振动环境和夹具下,A仪表没有出现任何问题,但B仪表发生振动失效破坏.运用试验和有限元分析的方法,对2款仪表分别进行振动试验仿真分析,找出B仪表发生失效的主要原因,对B仪表和夹具的设计提出改进建议.     

Advances in automotive digital communications

In the past years, control systems of cars have moved from the analog to the digital domain, and these changes affected the communication subsystems too. The next step in this direction is achieving a higher degree of performance, dependability and integration, so as to meet the needs of tomorrow's more and more demanding applications.

In particular, x-by-wire systems are appearing as the challenge that will drive research efforts of the whole automotive industry for the next decade. This means that new technologies have to be developed for in-car networks, in order to provide the high performance required by the next generation of automotive systems.

TTCAN, TTP/C, Byteflight, FlexRay and Bluetooth are some of the most promising emerging solutions that have already been defined and can be embedded right in new projects. In the automotive context, it is of paramount importance being able to evaluate the key features of each solution, as well as to verify whether or not they are able to meet the requirements of specific application fields.

In this paper these technologies are discussed and their characteristics are compared, pointing out the main advantages and drawbacks.     

Using social media to enrich information systems field trip experiences: Students’ satisfaction and continuance intentions

A well-designed field trip can promote active learning and reinforce classroom materials. Few studies have examined the potential for social media to enhance IS field trip experiences by promoting active and collaborative learning. One major barrier to the exploitation of this potential is the lack of the adoption of social media by students as a learning tool to enhance field trip experiences. Therefore, the first task is to understand how to increase the satisfaction of students in their use of social media to enhance IS field trips. This research sets out to understand the factors that could help increase students’ satisfaction with the use of social media to enhance IS field trips, and thereby their intentions to continue to use social media in future field trips. The results show that to increase user satisfaction, course instructors should ensure that students perceive the social media sites used for enhancing field trip study to be trustworthy, effortless, useful and accepted by their peers. Future research could determine how we can incorporate the use of social media to enhance the field trip learning experience.     

Student perceptions of a virtual field trip to replace a real field trip

Abstract  This study examines student perceptions on the use of virtual field trips (VFT) as part of their university experience and in particular the extent to which they could replace real field trips. While students were extremely positive about the potential of VFT to provide valuable learning experiences (and in particular a VFT constructed by the authors of this paper) nearly all of the students were insistent that it could not, and should not, replace real field trips. Furthermore when the same students were re-approached after having been on a real field trip, these perceptions were strengthened and they thought VFT could be most effective in preparing for, or revising after, a real field trip.     

A modeling methodology for collaborative evaluation of future automotive innovations

Software and Systems Modeling - The rapid introduction of innovations plays a major role in automotive industries. Today, once a member of the automotive value chain devises an innovation, the...     

Adaptive landmark recommendations for travel planning: Personalizing and clustering landmarks using geo-tagged social media

When travelers plan trips, landmark recommendation systems that consider the trip properties will conveniently aid travelers in determining the locations they will visit. Because interesting locations may vary based on the traveler and the situation, it is important to personalize the landmark recommendations by considering the traveler and the trip. In this paper, we propose an approach that adaptively recommends clusters of landmarks using geo-tagged social media. We first examine the impact of a trip’s spatial and temporal properties on the distribution of popular places through large-scale data analyses. In our approach, we compute the significance of landmarks for travelers based on their trip’s spatial and temporal properties. Next, we generate clusters of landmark recommendations, which have similar themes or are contiguous, using travel trajectory histories. Landmark recommendation performances based on our approach are evaluated against several baseline approaches. Our approach results in increased accuracy and satisfaction compared with the baseline approaches. Through a user study, we also verify that our approach is applicable to lesser-known places and reflects local events as well as seasonal changes.     

Create your own MUSE: A method for updating security level evaluation instruments

Number of security evaluation instruments and security maturity models have been developed to evaluate the security level of organizations. These instruments provide results that can be compared with industry-based benchmarks and track the dynamics of organizations’ security posture internally. Threat landscape is constantly changing and security evaluation instruments should be updated accordingly. These updates should preserve the instrument’s validity and ensure comparability with previous versions’ results. Although several studies describe the creation of maturity models, surveys, and other security evaluation instruments, there has been little discussion about instrument attribute maintenance and updating methods for security evaluation instruments. This study presents a method for updating the security level evaluation instrument (MUSE). The MUSE can be used to update the maturity model or questionnaire-based survey-type instrument attributes. Each MUSE activity supports different aspects of instrument attribute validation and states the criteria for successfully passing the activity or returning to previous activities. The MUSE process is evaluated with the case study to update security maturity evaluation instrument F4SLE which is based on the Estonian Information Security Standard (E-ITS) and cross-referenced with ISO27002 standard controls.     

An expert fuzzy rule-based system for closed-loop supply chain performance assessment in the automotive industry

Closed-loop supply chain management has been identified as an efficient, effective and economical strategy towards environmental sustainable practices in manufacturing companies. Without a formidable closed-loop supply chain to complement green supply chain management, most of the goals will not be achieved. A performance evaluation system is crucial for achieving a successful closed-loop supply chain in the automotive industry. Hence, a suitable expert fuzzy rule-based system for evaluation was developed in this study using Visual Basic.Net. The fuzzy rules and arithmetic used were described. The resulting performance measurement system was evaluated using a case study company from the automotive industry. The study culminated with recommendations and proposal of directions for future studies.     

基于虚拟仪器的汽车板簧载荷测试系统

介绍了基于虚拟仪器的汽车板簧载荷测试系统的硬件组成、位移测量和电液伺服位置闭环控制方法、系统的功能和关键技术。数据采集卡采用了高速的A D转换器和DMA方式 ,系统通用性强、界面友好。     

The instrument explosion--a study of aircraft cockpit instruments

Aircraft cockpit instruments have been increasing in number since the Wright Brothers made their first powered flight. As aeroplane development progresses, new systems are continually being added to improve performance or capability and cockpits have now reached the stage where there is often little space left in which to install the monitoring instruments for these additional systems. Fortunately, the advent of electronic cockpit displays offers a solution to this problem. One electronic display can be used to present the information previously requiring several conventional electro-mechanical instruments, with a consequent saving in cockpit panel space. However, cockpit displays must be matched to the pilot's information requirements and processing abilities. If this is not done the advantages of electronic displays will not be realised and the pilot will be in an even worse position than he was before.     

Investigation into gas dynamics in an oxyfuel coal fired boiler during master fuel trip and blackout

In an oxygen fired power plant, a large amount of flue gas is recirculated, leading to an unavoidable interaction between the involved fans. The presented paper investigates the dynamics of the gas side at different safety related scenarios. A dynamic simulation model is therefore developed to study the flue gas behaviour in an oxyfuel pulverized coal fired boiler during a master fuel trip and a blackout of the plant. The generated numerical model contains the water/steam side of the boiler, starting from economiser inlet and ending at the hot reheat outlet, and the gas side, including all relevant fans, convective heat exchangers, gas–gas heat exchangers and flue gas cleaning devices. Furthermore, a set of additional models for coast down behaviour of axial fans has been implemented. For the master fuel trip case, different relevant parameters of process control measures regarding the gas dynamics have been analyzed and an optimized master fuel trip scenario is proposed. The blackout of an oxyfuel coal fired boiler at nominal load is detailed demonstrated. The numerical results show that the blackout scenario will not have any negative impact on investigated gas part of the boiler system since the observed lowest negative furnace pressure of −36 mbar can be handled with current state of the art technology.     

Automotive behavioral requirements expressed in a specification pattern system: a case study at BOSCH

To allow an automatic formal analysis of requirements, the requirements have to be formalized first. However, logical formalisms are seldom accessible to stakeholders in the automotive context. Konrad and Cheng proposed a specification pattern system (SPS) represented in a restricted English grammar that can be automatically translated to logics, but looks like natural language. In this paper, we investigate whether this SPS can be applied to automotive requirements of BOSCH, in the sense that it is expressive enough to specify automotive behavioral requirements of BOSCH. We did a case study over 289 informal behavioral requirements taken from automotive BOSCH projects. We evaluated whether these requirements could be formulated in the SPS and whether the SPS has to be adapted to the automotive context. The case study strongly indicates that the SPS, extended with 3 further patterns, is suited to specify automotive behavioral requirements at BOSCH.     

Advanced automotive display measurements: Selected challenges and solutions

Today's trend in automotive displays is toward more, larger, better, and flexible panels. The requirements for cars differ largely from consumer displays: Automotive displays have unique requirements in terms of optical performance, longevity in harsh environment, and production of 100,000s per year per model. Consumer electronics displays, however, set the pace and premium automotive panels have to follow in short time because of customer expectations despite long development cycles. Advanced procedures and measurements have to be applied like lifetime and ambient light. In order to reduce the effort in specifying and evaluating car displays in terms of optical performance, the German Flat Panel Forum has set common requirements for automotive validation. As standard measurement procedures are often less suitable for automotive evaluation, dedicated methods were developed like Black Mura, gamma and visual assessment of anti‐glare surfaces. Standardization reduces the effort along the automotive display value chain. People in future autonomous cars will spend more time watching displays than today, which must then be of highest optical performance. Design visions trend to present information – and not displays – to driver and passengers, which includes seamless displays and smart surfaces. A simple integration of flat displays into dashboards is no longer state‐of‐the‐art.     

Oracle Secure C/S

In summary, the network reviews have highlighted that organizations are dependant on the network for critical business activities but the networks are often poorly configured, have inadequate fault tolerance compared with the costs of downtime and are not subject to formal plans or strategies.These results are fairly dramatic and it is interesting to note that the results of work in other areas such as mainframe and mini computer reviews are normally more encouraging. The rapid development and implementation of network technology must be a major contributing factor to the lack of formal controls and procedures, and particularly in smaller organizations the lack of resources and budget for such activities also are a major factor.Network technologies will continue to develop at a tremendous pace, and once ‘killer’ applications such as electronic mail highlighted within this article replace manual procedures then network availability and performance will become of paramount importance. It is therefore stressed that it is vital for organizations to review the areas highlighted within this article, and ensure that the network infrastructure will support the business well into the future.The problems created by inefficient or inexperienced network support staff and managers also need to be addressed, such staff should be adequately trained and provided with guidance not only for implementation of networking technology but also provided with more general ‘good practise’ eduction that has been learnt through experience in other IT disciplines.The final areas covered by the Touche Ross network review will be discussed in the next issue, this will include software license management, threat from viruses, PC and workstation management and network disaster recovery.     

State of the art in automotive adaptive equipment

Although some forms of automotive adaptive equipment designed to enable people who are physically disabled to drive have been on the market for many years, development has been slow until the last 10 to 15 years. Advanced-design, reliable devices have recently become available to allow persons who are severely disabled to gain transportation independence. Equipment for ingress/egress, primary and secondary control, and occupant protection have come on the market or are nearly ready for procurement. Much remains to be done, however, especially in integrating this equipment into a system for transportation. Primary controls (throttle, brake, and steering) and occupant protection still require much research and development. Cost, liability considerations, and a small market demand restrict development, but real progress has been made.