Trade Uber for the Bus?

Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings: Few studies have examined ride-hail users’ individual preferences between ride-hail and transit. Based on a survey of ride-hail users in the Philadelphia (PA) region, I examine who uses ride-hail and investigate ride-hail users’ willingness to use ride-hail versus transit. My results suggest that more than one-quarter of respondents replaced transit with ride-hail in their last ride-hail trips. Mixed logit regression analysis based on stated preference choice experiments indicate that higher-income respondents and respondents over 30?years old are increasingly willing to choose ride-hail over transit, even though their actual ride-hail usage is lower than that among lower-income and younger respondents. Results also show that female respondents are more willing to choose ride-hail over transit than male respondents and less frequent transit users are more likely to choose ride-hail than frequent transit users. Higher cost and longer trip duration are significant deterrents for travel by either mode. Respondents consider the time spent on walking to and from transit more burdensome than in-vehicle travel time and wait time for transit and ride-hail. They consider waiting for ride-hail less burdensome than waiting for transit. Survey sampling and design limitations provide lessons for future ride-hail studies.

Takeaway for practice: Practitioners should ensure convenient, affordable travel options for lower-income residents, who are more frequent but less willing ride-hail users than higher-income residents. Female respondents’ safety concerns about transit should urge transit agencies to recognize female transit riders’ travel needs. The relationship between age and willingness to use ride-hail reminds planners to anticipate greater substitution of ride-hail for transit as the more tech-savvy generation starts entering their 30s. Last, fare reduction alone may not be enough to prompt ride-hail users to switch to transit. Service improvements that shorten the overall trip duration are imperative to make transit more attractive.     

Reasons for the Importance of Politeness

礼貌在大多数人看来，意味着好的礼节，得体的言谈举止。实际上礼貌所涉及的问题非常深奥、复杂。本文在分析礼貌内涵的基础上，从面子需求以及文化观念二方面详细阐述了礼貌用语重要性的原因。     

Shanghai starts drive for greening the globe

Environment experts, scholars and officals from 21countries and regions, as well as international organizations, including the UNEP, the World Bank, theGlobal Green Cross of the United States, and the     

On the Statistical Index System for Towns

ＯｎｔｈｅＳｔａｔｉｓｔｉｃａｌＩｎｄｅｘＳｙｓｔｅｍｆｏｒＴｏｗｎｓ￥ＺｈｏｕＹｉｘｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＵｒｂａｎａｎｄＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ．１．ＳｏｍｅＱｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓｌ．ｌＣ...     

The Forecast of the Targets for the Urban Housing for a Relatively Comfortable Standard of Living in China

To attain a relatively comfortable standard of living by year 200O is the strategic target ofChina＇s economic development.We should first make it clear what is the pattern and standard forhousing for a relatively comfortable. Through our study in the present housing conditions andthe life pattern in 2000.analysis of lowest area limit for one housing unit and macro-analysis ofhousing economy.and study on the inevitability of multiple and multi-level targets for housing ofrelatively comfortable standard of livng,as well as using the analysis of indexes for judging hous-ing conditions in other countries as reference.we set multiple and Mlti-level Targets for Housingfor a Relatively Comfortable Life and Use Them as Reference and Basis for Drafting the GeneralSystem of Housing for a Relatively Comfortable Life and for the Development of HousingProducts.     

The book for the fine art of construction

The fully revised 1999 edition of the Steel Construction Manual is a comprehensive work for architects and engineers covering planning and construction using steel. A variety of warehouse, multi-storey and special buildings have been selected to illuminate interesting structural designs in detail.     

The Practice of the Comprehensive Traffic Planning for the City of Chongqing

This article discribes the comprehensive traffic planning of Cho-ngqing, an extra-large industrial city in the southwest of China,which has a geographical importance and hilly terrain. The plan-ning stresses the needs to meet the city's future socio-economic de-velopment strategy, the guarantee for the realization of urban devel-opment strategy and the solutions to the conspicuous traffic prob-lems.     

Views on the Planning for Wangjing New District

1.Basic FeaturesThe Wangling new district lies inJiuxianqiao district in northeastern Beijing,with the Capital Airport and Jingshun Roadto the east, the Beixiao River to the north,the planned Fourth Ring Road to the south,and the Nanhuqu Road to the west(Plan 1).The planning area will occupy 860 hectares     

Get Ready for a Take-Off to Meet the World——Prospects for Shanghai''''s Economy in the 1990s

Development has turned the past fortyyears of the largest economic center ofChina and the international city of influenceon the west pacific coast—Shanghai—into aperiod of great economic growth.Today,animportant decision has further been madeby the Party's Central Committee and the     

A Survey of the Residents''''Needs for Outdoor Activities

The Article is based on an on-the-spot investigation of the needs of the residents.Visits were made to obtainin-depth understanding about the patterns in the outdoor activities.Survey results are analysed from many respectssuch as landscaping,noise,living facilities,security and building space,in order to probe into the issue of how tocreate good outdoor environment for the residents in the planning of residential areas.     

“Five-Year Plan” for State-Level Municipal Infrastructure Released for the First Time

<正>The"13~(th) Five-Year Plan"for the Construction of Municipal Infrastructures in Cities of China that was compiled by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the National Development and Reform Commission was released for enforcement on May 26,2017.It is a first state-level and comprehensive plan for municipal infrastructures construction,which changes the conventional method of compiling different plans in different domains.As a systematic integration of related     

The Study of Mechanism for the Development of the Large Cities in China

In studying the development of largecities in China,one has to examine both itspattern,a repeated phenomenon which isuniversal in the development of large cities,and its mechanism, which exists in the tradi-tional culture as well as in the political andeconomic structures of the society.     

Access to Land for the Urban Poor—Policy Proposals for South African Cities

The issue of land is a critical one in post-Apartheid South Africa. Growing informality and poverty in urban areas, driven to a large extent by urbanisation, necessitates greater concerted action around land use management in urban areas to ensure more equitable, environmentally and socially sustainable use of finite land resources. The operation of the urban land market has been identified as a significant obstacle preventing the urban poor from accessing affordable land. A new approach, advocated by the UK Department for International Development and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation entitled “Making Markets Work for the Poor—M4P” emerged in the 1990s. The M4P approach recognises that even successful market development will not distribute land to the poor and intervention in the land market is therefore required to promote more equitable land distribution patterns. The M4P perspective however has been accused of an obsession with economic solutions to the problem of landlessness and informality to the exclusion of other socio-political and legal remedies. The Brazilian case provides an example of a more progressive approach as it combines social policy and legal reform to regulate the use of urban land to ensure that land fulfils its “social function”. The presence of large tracts of vacant and unused land in cities is an important issue in the context of growing informality and competition for land and therefore requires urgent policy attention. The paper discusses the Brazilian case and the instruments used in that country to deal with vacant/unused land in cities. It argues that the progressive taxation of vacant land in cities could be a potentially valuable policy instrument in South African cities. Land-based fiscal instruments can be utilised by local government to manage the use of land and to access additional revenue which can be redistributed to the poor for the provision of infrastructure and services. Although these tools are not a panacea for challenges of informality and poverty in the developing world, they do have the potential to augment municipal income and to facilitate urban renewal, infill development and a more compact city. The paper argues though that these tools should be applied on a city-wide scale; part and parcel of an overall urban land reform strategy and plan for the city.     

Tegola Canadese——striving for the toppest brand

Tegola Canadese S.p.A was set up in 1977, and its headquarter was located at Vittorio Veneto, which is close to Venice city of Italy. Tegola Canadese is not only the most important manufacturer of bituminous shingles in Europe, with a market share of 50%…     

Concept of the Detailed Scheme for Wangjing New District

Through the process of urban design,statutory control and comprehensivedevelopment,the Shanghai MunicipalDesign Institute conceived a scheme whichprovides a new district of high—capacity,high-quality environment,andhighly-efficient facilities to meet thedemands of the 1990s.The scheme won asecond-class award.     

Outline of the Comprehensive Urban Transport Planning for Shanghai

Part Ⅰ The prepararion of the comprhensive transport planfor Shanghai began in 1985,under the proposal and organi-zation of Mr Ni Tianzeng,the late Vice Mayor,and the de-partments concerned.Its objective was to provide compre-hensive and quantitative analysis for urban transport deci-sion making in Shanghai.Urban transport is such a com-plex issue that viewpoints and suggestions concerning thesolution can be raised from various angles.The amount ofinvestment that can be put in transport development andthe possibility of replacement are limited,so it will be verydifficult to make a scientific decision without theprecondition of a comprehensive and quantitative analysis. The making of this plan involved all the parties which     

Some Thoughts on the Across-the-Century Urban Development Strategy for the Coastal Region in China

After the reform and open-door policy.the economyin the coastal region of China has experienced great develop-ment and the urban space undergone a rapid expansion.The agglomeration of cities in the economically more devel-oped region has been amazing too.The investment environ-ment in the special economic zones and open cities of thecoastal region has been greatly improved,of which the mostdistinct areas are the Pearl Delta Area,the Yangtze DeltaArea,Jing-Jin-Tang Region and the middle and southernpart of Liaoning province. The so-called coastal region stretches from Liaoningto Guangxi and Hainan,including 12 provinces,autono-