移动平台对无线信道特性的影响分析

针对移动平台对无线信道特性的影响,在分析移动多径信道特性的基础上,建立了不同信道模型下多普勒效应的计算机仿真模型。不仅针对不同信道衰落条件下平台移动引起的多普勒效应进行仿真,而且为进一步阐述多普勒效应的影响,还对平台移动引起的数字通信误码率进行了仿真。信真结果表明,平台移动不但会扩展多普勒频谱,而且会加快信道衰落,造成误码率上升。     

电离层信道特征参数对短波通信质量影响的试验分析

基于新乡至青岛之间融短波通信和电离层斜向探测于一体的综合试验平台实录数据,提取了通信误码率及信道特征参数,统计分析了各信道参数对通信误码率的影响,并提出了一种基于经验模式的短波通信质量评估方法,该方法在DPSK编码形式下具有很高的实效性。     

高频电离层信道4F4T4PSK系统性能

本文提出了高频电离层信道４Ｆ４Ｔ４ＰＳＫ通信系统性能分析方法，给出了其误码率表达式。４Ｆ４Ｔ４ＰＳＫ系统在时变信道上传输出为加性噪声和多条具有不同时延，不同频移和不同到达角传播路径信号的总和。误码率表达式考虑了信道中存在的瑞利衰落，频率与时间选择性衰落，四重频率分集及白噪声的影响。给出了该“不可克服误码率”与信道中存在的归一化最大多径时延和归一化多普勒散布的关系曲线，并根据其结果，讨论了该本制对多     

基于OFDM的短波多天线分集接收技术性能仿真

研究了短波OFDM调制下多天线分集合并接收技术。针对短波信道存在多径干扰、深衰落、多普勒频移等特点,采用ITU-R建议的中纬度恶劣信道条件下的短波信道参数,应用短波Watterson信道模型,运用最大比值合并的多天线分集合并算法,进行了短波OFDM系统下误码率性能仿真。仿真结果表明：设计的算法,在不加大发射功率的情况下,有效地降低了OFDM系统的误码率,减轻了信道衰落的影响,提高了通信的可靠性。     

移动通信信道的建模与仿真

针对移动通信的特点,本文以中继卫星通信链路为主要研究对象,分析了该链路通信信道中存在的传播损耗,并以此为基础建立了链路通信的信道模型;最后仿真分析了不同的通信传输速率在加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)衰落信道、多径Rayleigh衰落信道、Rician衰落信道以及复杂衰落信道中的误码率特性曲线,仿真结果表明,满足Rayleigh衰落信道模型的信号分量对系统的性能影响较大,且传输速率越高,信号分量中的反射分量与多径分量影响越大。     

基于VC++的无线通信系统分集性能研究

无线通信技术是人类诸多伟大发明之一,深刻地改变着人类社会,多径传播是移动无线信道的主要特征,其引起的信号幅度衰落和时延扩展是影响信号质量的主要因素.分集技术作为一种常用抗衰落技术得到了广泛的应用.本论文拟通过VC++平台,对无线通信系统的选择分集方案及最大比合并方案进行仿真,通过观察BPSK信号通过瑞利衰落信道后单天线和多天线分集系统的误码率曲线图,得出分集系统对通信质量的改善效果.     

散射通信中多进制正交扩频的性能分析

针对散射远距离通信时传输损耗大的问题,采用多进制正交扩频技术。给出了系统发射、接收模型,仿真了AWGN信道下几种不同进制的误码率曲线并与理论误码率曲线进行了对比。推导了瑞利衰落信道下的误码率公式,在低速散射衰落信道下对16进制正交扩频系统进行了仿真,验证了公式的正确性,并分析了最大多普勒频移对系统的影响。给出了两重、四重分集下的系统性能。通过与传统直扩系统的性能对比,进一步说明将多进制正交扩频与时间分集技术相结合,应用到低速散射通信系统中可以提高系统性能。     

对流层散射通信信道建模及系统性能仿真

对流层散射通信是一种利用对流层媒质的不均匀性来实现超视距通信的方式.在分析对流层散射信道的统计特性的基础上,根据WSSUS假设建立了快衰落特性下的散射信道仿真模型,并进行了系统性能的实验仿真.同时通过理论计算,得出了该信道误码率的理论曲线,并与仿真结果进行比较,证明了对流层散射信道模型的合理性,该模型为分析系统的性能提供了一个有效的系统平台.     

时变衰落信道中同步时间扩展信号的分集接收技术

扩频通信可以区分多径信号进行RAKE分集接收,是一种有效处理多径效应的手段。与此对应,时间扩展通信也可以在频域上进行类似RAKE的分集接收,有效处理时变衰落带来的影响。时间扩展会带来严重的符号间干扰,同步时间扩展可以有效控制和处理符号间干扰。基于信道分解的分集接收技术保证了同步时间扩展在时变衰落信道下的性能。获得10-4误码率,本文分集算法(扩展长度1024)在时变衰落信道中所需的信噪比与AWGN信道不分集处理所需的信噪比只相差1.4dB。     

飞行目标探测导航通信中的码间干扰抑制技术研究

飞行目标探测导航通信中,由于通信信道分布不均匀的特性,通信信道容易收到扩展损失和衰减损失的影响产生码间干扰,需要进行码间干扰抑制,改善通信性能。提出一种基于通信信号时间反转镜重组的码间干扰抑制技术。构建了飞行目标探测导航通信的信道模型和信号传输模型,设计被动时间反转镜匹配滤波器,进行噪声抑制,对多径信道进行时间反转镜重组,实现码间干扰抑制。仿真实验表明,该算法能有效降低通信过程中的误码率,改善通信质量,提高信道传输性能。     

高速移动Rayleigh信道下的相位调制OFDM系统

高速移动的Rayleigh信道会使得传输信号的频谱发生Doppler扩展。本文对存在Doppler扩展的OFDM系统进行子载波干扰的理论分析，并针对高速Rayleigh信道对误码率造成的影响进行了基带仿真。仿真结果证实，相位调制OFDM系统在存在Doppler扩展的Rayleigh信道条件下的性能可以用单载波相位调制系统在慢衰落条件下的误码率理论值来近似；即使在移动台高速移动的情况下，实际中的Doppler扩展并不会使相位调制OFDM系统的误码率出现地板效应，所以相位调制OFDM系统比较适合高速移动的Ravleigh信道条件下的高速数据传输。     

Real-Time HF Channel Parameter Estimation

An efficient real-time realization for the estimation of the HF channel parameters is presented and the estimation errors are evaluated. The parameters that were chosen are the Doppler spread, multipath spread, Doppler shift and signal-to-noise ratio, which are the dominant ionospheric propagation parameters. The estimation procedures were real-time implemented on a digital signal processor and tested on a real-time HF channel simulator based on the so-called Watterson model. The estimated parameters can be used in numerous ways in adaptive HF communication setups, including real-time channel quality evaluation for link or equipment adaptation.     

The Effects of Time Delay Spread on Portable Radio Communications Channels with Digital Modulation

Frequency-selective fading caused by multipath time delay spread degrades digital communication channels by causing intersymbol interference, thus resulting in an irreducible BER and imposing a upper limit on the data symbol rate. In this paper, a frequencyselective, slowly fading channel is studied by computer simulation. The unfiltered BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, and MSK modulations are considered first to illustrate the physical insights and the error mechanisms. Two classes of modulation with spectral-shaping filtering are studied next to assess the tradeoff between spectral occupancy and the performance under the influence of time delay spread. The simulation is very flexible so that different channel parameters can be studied and optimized either individually or collectively. The irreducible BER averaged over fading samples with a given delay profile is used to compare different modulation/detection methods, while the cumulative distribution of short-term BER is employed to show allowable data symbol rates for given values of delay spread. It is found that both GMSK and QPSK with a raised-cosine Nyquist pulse are suitable for a TDM/TDMA digital portable communications channel.     

On the robustness of decision-feedback detection of DPSK and differential unitary space-time modulation in Rayleigh-fading channels

Decision-feedback differential detection (DFDD) of differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) and differential unitary space-time modulation (DUST) in Rayleigh-fading channels exhibits significant performance improvement over standard single-symbol maximum-likelihood detection. However, knowledge of channel fading correlation and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is required at the receiver to compute the feedback coefficients used in DFDD. In this letter, we investigate the robustness of the DFDD to imperfect knowledge of the feedback coefficients by modeling the mismatch between estimated feedback coefficients and ideal coefficients in terms of mismatch between the estimated values of fading correlation and SNR and the true values. Under the assumption of a block-fading channel when nondiagonal DUST constellations are used and a continuous fading channel otherwise, we derive exact and Chernoff bound expressions for pair-wise word-error probability and then use them to approximate the bit-error rate (BER), finding close agreement with simulation results. The relationships between BER performance and various system parameters, e.g., DFDD length and Doppler mismatch, are also explored. Furthermore, the existence of an error floor in the BER-vs-SNR curve is investigated for the infinite-length DFDD. For the special case of Jakes' fading model, it is shown that the error floor can be removed completely even when the Doppler spread is over-estimated.     

An Efficient Adaptive Channel Estimation Algorithm for MIMO OFDM Systems—Study of Doppler Spread Tolerance

In this paper we develop an adaptive MIMO channel estimation algorithm for space–time block coded OFDM systems. The presented algorithm is based on Expectation Maximization (EM) technique by decomposing the superimposed received signals into their signal components, and estimating the channel parameters of each signal component separately. We also study and compare our proposed EM-based algorithm with a previously introduced recursive-least-squares based algorithm for MIMO OFDM systems. At each iteration the EM algorithm decomposes the problem of multi-channel estimation into channel estimation for each transmit–receive link. In this paper we also study the Doppler spread tolerance of our proposed algorithm in a fast fading environment, and investigate how it affects the system BER performance.     

Interference cancelling equalizer (ICE) for mobile radiocommunication

This paper proposes an adaptive interference cancelling equalizer (ICE), which not only equalizes intersymbol interference (ISI), but also cancels cochannel interference (CCI) in the received signal in Rayleigh-fading environments, ICE is an adaptive multiuser detector for the frequency-selective fading environment commonly experienced by mobile communication channels. ICE employs a novel detection scheme: recursive least-squares maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (RLS-MLSE), which simultaneously estimates time-varying channel parameters and transmitted signal sequences. Diversity reception is used to enhance the signal detection performance of ICE. A computer simulation of a 40-kb/s QPSK time-division multiple-access (TDMA) cellular mobile radio system demonstrates the possibility of improving system capacity with ICE. Simulations of ICE with and without diversity are carried out under various fading conditions. For the maximum Doppler frequency of 40 Hz, ICE can attain an average bit-error rate (BER) of 10 ^-2 under a single CCI carrier-to-interference ratio (CIR) of ~14 dB. Moreover, ICE for two independent CCI signals can attain the average BER of 1.5×10^-2 with average CIR⩾-10 dB     

Comprehensive evaluation of chip interleaving effect on turbo‐coded DS‐SS in a Rayleigh fading channel with antenna diversity reception

In this paper, we present a comprehensive performance evaluation of chip interleaving effect on turbo coded direct sequence spread spectrum (DS‐SS) system in a frequency non‐selective Rayleigh fading channel with antenna diversity reception. At the transmitter, chip interleaver scrambles the SF (spreading factor) chips associated with a data symbol and transforms the transmission channel into a highly time‐selective or highly memoryless channel at the chip level. The use of chip interleaving is equivalent to using SF‐antenna diversity reception with correlated fading among the branches and with reduced average received signal power per antenna by a factor of SF. We theoretically analyze how chip interleaving alters the received signal statistics. Then, the effect of the various parameters, viz. interleaver size, interleaving depth, information sequence length, spreading factor and the fading maximum Doppler frequency, are also evaluated. It is found that the bit error rate (BER) performance improves with increasing spreading factor and increasing frame length. Chip interleaving is found to be effective in the presence of receive antenna diversity as well. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

直扩系统时变单音干扰抑制的新方法

针对直接序列扩频通信系统中的时变单音干扰,提出了一种频域干扰估计时域对消的新方法。在系统中,将干扰信道建模为时变衰落信道。该算法首先在频域对时变单音干扰信号参数进行估计,然后对时变单音干扰进行重构和对消,推导了理论误码率公式。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法性能由干扰功率和多普勒频移等因素决定。在频率选择性衰落信道下,当信噪比为20dB,扩频增益为16,干扰信道多普勒频移为100Hz时,该算法可以抑制20dB(干信比)的单音干扰。      

Performance of Multiple-Access DCSK Communication over a Multipath Fading Channel with Delay Spread

The bit error rate (BER) performances of variant delay multiple-access differential chaos-shift keying (VDMA-DCSK) communication systems over a multipath fading channel with delay spread are investigated. The BER formula of the VDMA-DCSK over the fading channel is evaluated. A two-ray Rayleigh fading channel model is used to simulate the VDMA-DCSK system. The theoretical and simulation results are presented and they match each other, which supports the theoretical analysis. The multipath performance of the VDMA-DCSK is compared with that of a benchmark coherent MA-CSK system and with that of an invariant delay MA-DCSK system. The results show that in the multipath fading channel with delay spread environment the VDMA-DCSK system performance decreases least.