柔性薄膜电池与光伏建筑一体化

分析了光伏建筑一体化系统的特点,通过应用案例介绍了光伏与建筑相结合的两种主要形式,即光伏系统与建筑的结合和光伏构件与建筑的结合,着重探讨了光伏建筑一体化对光伏系统和光伏组件的要求,阐述了柔性三结非晶硅薄膜电池组件应用于光伏建筑一体化系统中的优势。     

关于光伏建筑一体化的几点思考

通过案例对光伏建筑一体化的形式进行分析比较,认为光伏建筑一体化的形式应均衡功能、经济、技术和美观等各方面的因素,而并非结合的程度越高越好。根据光伏产品的市场发展,判断光伏构件的设计重点应放在光伏电池组件的维修和更换上,而不是注重延长光伏电池组件的寿命。为解决现有PV构件的弊端,设计了一种便于维修和更换的建筑光伏构件。     

建材型光伏构件传热系数的标定热箱法测试

采用标定热箱法对四种新型的建材型光伏构件的传热系数进行测试,分析影响传热系数不确定度评定的相关因素,对四种光伏构件的传热系数试验结果进行不确定度评定,通过不确定度的评定结果评定标定热箱法仪器的测试精度,分析该方法测试建材型光伏构件传热系数的可行性。     

光伏建筑外维护结构的细部设计

介绍了光伏建筑的概念、优点、光伏构件与建筑墙面结构的两种连接设计方法、光伏构件与屋面结构的两种连接设计方法,将光伏组件与建筑结构结合起来形成有机整体,达到降低建筑能耗的目的。     

当光伏成为屋顶 BHPV建筑光伏构件介绍

<正>一、关于建筑光伏构件单纯一块光伏组件不叫光伏构件,只有把光伏组件应用于具体的建筑构造(屋面、外墙、遮阳等),作为该建筑构造的组成部件或配件,承担一定的建筑功能(防水、防火、保温、遮阳等)时,才称其为建筑光伏构件。建筑光伏是分布式光伏的主流形式,发展建筑光伏,特别是将光伏组件直接作为建筑材料或建筑构件,就需要有不同形式的建筑光伏构件供建筑师选用。随着建筑光伏的不断发展,建筑光伏构件的研发已经引起越来越多企业的重视。     

嵌入模块式光伏组件体系设计与试验研究

提出了一种新型的嵌入模块式光伏组件体系,该新型光伏组件体系能够取代传统的屋顶围护构件,实现光伏技术与建筑的一体化集成。通过力学性能试验验证了该新型光伏组件体系在2 500 Pa外荷载作用下的挠度值满足建材的变形控制要求,应力值远小于材料的极限强度,可取代传统的屋顶围护构件。通过发电效率试验测得该新型光伏组件体系的最大发...     

建材型光伏构件的技术现状及工艺探索

回顾了光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)的工程应用和研发现状,总结出国内建材型光伏构件的技术应用存在的诸多问题,主要包括工程设计经验不足、行业规范不完善、缺乏高品质的光伏构件等主客观原因。对真空玻璃和FRP背板的光伏构件进行生产工艺研究,在常规光伏组件生产工艺的基础上初步成功地的探索了建材型光伏构件的生产工艺,主要解决了由于受力不均和焊点一致性较差而造成的玻璃、电池破裂及PVB胶片融化不完全等问题,并为下一步小批量试制积累了工艺经验。     

光伏建筑装饰一体化铝型材基板的水冷系统

研究发现光伏组件模块的发电效率会随着其工作温度的升高急剧下降。而目前的光伏建筑一体化系统中,由于使用导热性能较差的玻璃作为基底和光伏构件没有进行主动散热降温的原因,导致构件内部的光伏组件模块温度很高,太阳能电池效率仅能达到8%~9%。利用一种中空的铝质型材作为光伏构件的基底,并通入介质水使光伏组件模块在得到主动冷却条件下,工作温度大幅降低,可使太阳能电池的效率提高约40%。通过这种主动降温方式能够使光伏建筑一体化发电系统的效能得到有效提升。     

瓦型光伏构件在住宅建筑中的应用

屋面开发利用太阳能电力具有采光角度好、替代成本高、输变电成本低、安装维护方便等特点。将光伏发电部件与建筑完美结合是光伏建筑一体化（NPV）的重要内容。秦砖汉瓦在我国建筑文化中历史悠久，将太阳能电池与建筑瓦片结合形成瓦型光伏构件是实现屋面光伏建筑一体化的手段之一。瓦型光伏构件兼具光伏发电部件和建筑材料的属性，研究其技术特点、应用环境和施工方法，对推动屋面光伏建筑一体化具有重要意义。     

真空玻璃平板光伏构件光学物理性能检测与应用

本文首先介绍了真空玻璃平板光伏构件,然后根据相关标准测试该种构件的光学物理性能,最后分析该种构件在全国各气候分区的应用适宜性。     

A study of coupled heat and mass transfer across a porous building component in intertropical conditions

In this paper, one-dimensional coupled heat and mass transfer through a plane geometry porous building component submitted to intertropical climatic conditions is studied. An analytical method using the periodic solution approach has been proposed to evaluate the heat and moisture transfer process in building materials. Results are discussed using the three climatic regions of Cameroon (2-13 °N). With latitude of 11°, it offers examples of practically whole range of intertropical climates. Influence of latitude on various temperature and moisture content through the building component has been presented. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data and other analytical solutions published in the literature.     

住宅建筑围护结构内外表面热阻对传热系数的影响

冬季通过建筑围护结构传递的热量由3个因素决定:壁体内表面换热阻、壁体外表面换热阻及壁体材料层的导热系数。这3个因素受室内外热冷源、风速及材料层的含湿量影响。通过对一使用10年左右住宅建筑的现场测试与理论计算对比得出:在进行冬季围护结构热工计算时,应对以上3个参数根据不同实际情况作相应的修正。     

Analysis of the influence of installation thermal bridges on windows performance: The case of clay block walls

The building's energy performance is the result not only of material and component performances, but also of the way the components are interconnected. Concerning windows, their energy performance, which is usually evaluated by using the glass and frame heat transfer coefficients and the linear heat transfer coefficients of the glazing spacer, depends also on the frame installation. In this paper the entity of thermal losses due to the frame installation has been evaluated in terms of linear thermal transmittance calculated in accordance with the standard EN ISO 10211:2007 using THERM 5.2. The analysis of thermal bridges between a wooden frame window installed into two different kinds of external clay block walls has been carried out. The linear thermal transmittances have been calculated for three cases regarding the position (external, internal, and intermediate) and three concerning the insulation of the hole perimeter (non insulated, insulated and with insulation over fixed frame). The impact of the window installation on thermal losses has been estimated and its dependence on different sizes has been evaluated. A new graphical representation has been suggested. The frame position and the configuration of the window hole insulation result to have a relevant impact on the overall thermal performance of the considered window.     

并网光伏发电系统在某总部办公楼设计中的应用

简要介绍了光伏发电系统的类别、特点及工作原理,结合某总部办公楼的并网光伏发电系统方案设计实例,对该系统的应用进行较为完整的阐述,同时对系统的效益进行评估,提出并网光伏发电系统对节能环保及可持续发展的重要意义。     

光伏发电系统用作应急电源的探讨

民用建筑中利用太阳能光伏发电系统作为应急电源应选用有储能装置的并网光伏发电系统。蓄电池组容量应按满足应急负荷需要配置。光伏发电系统是否宜作为应急电源应作经济技术方面的综合分析。     

深圳火车北站太阳能光伏发电系统设计

分析深圳市的太阳能资源状况．介绍深圳火车北站太阳能光伏发电系统采用的光伏建筑一体化（BIPV）形式,光伏组件的选择,与建筑屋面配套的安装方式与安全性考虑,光伏电气系统的安装、控制、保护、防雷与并网方式．分析阴影遮挡对光伏器件的影响,竣工以来的发电量情况。     

屋面光伏组件的安装方式及其对屋面的要求

屋面光伏组件有建材型和建筑构件型两类,在屋面上的安装方式不仅要考虑日照,而且要因屋面形式而异？在工程上。组件的安装对屋面条件有要求,亦即光伏屋面的建设也应考虑荷重、耐风压、抗地震、排水、防水以及防雷等问题。     

A finite line source simulation model for geothermal systems with series- and parallel-connected boreholes and independent fluid loops

A model for the simulation of geothermal systems with parallel- and series-connected boreholes is presented. Mass and heat balance problems are formulated for each component in the system and are assembled into system-level problems. A third problem is formulated to account for heat transfer in the bore field, using the finite line source solution. This third problem is coupled to the system-level heat balance problem by an analytical solution of the heat transfer inside boreholes with multiple U-tubes. The simulation model allows for any number of independent fluid loops within the bore field or within individual boreholes and allows for combinations of specified inlet fluid temperatures and heat extraction rates in independent fluid loops. The model accounts for the axial variation of the fluid and borehole wall temperatures and heat extraction rates. The capabilities of the model are demonstrated through three example simulations.     

Three-sided heating of I-beams in composite construction exposed to fire

A new and simplified model to analyse the thermal response of steel I-beams in composite construction exposed to the standard fire is presented. The model includes a convection and radiation heat transfer module, a resistance-capacitance formulation for heat conduction in the steel beam and a correlation for estimating heat conduction from the upper flange to the concrete slab. The radiation component accounts for the emission and absorption of radiation by the main combustion products of the standard fire. Heat transfer to the concrete is estimated using computer modelling of a number of case studies. The two dimensional I-beam section is represented by three lumped masses concentrated at nodes located at the centres of the lower flange, web and upper flange and connected by conduction paths. Comparison between measured and computed temperature profiles shows good correlation for most of the case studies investigated.     

圆形微通道热沉流动换热特性的数值研究

建立了圆形微通道中层流流动换热的三维稳态模型,对不同水力直径、不同热流密度、不同雷诺数的圆形硅微通道内单相流动换热特性进行了数值模拟研究.数值模拟结果表明:流体流动的Re数、元器件的热流密度及微通道卣径对圆形微通道热沉的流动换热特性有着较大的影响.微通道固体部分最高温度出现在散热器的出口处顶部表面.截面平均Nu数在通道入口段最大,并沿流程逐渐减小,直至达到充分发展时,Nu数趋于定值.微通道整体平均Nu数随Re数增加而增大.