PLC与计算机的通讯系统设计

以ＯＭＲＯＮ ＣＰＭ１Ａ型ＰＬＣ为例，介绍了如何用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ语言实现计算机与ＰＬＣ的通讯 。该方案具有硬件简单、使用灵活的特点，该通讯系统对于用控制ＰＬＣ实现集中监控提供了可靠的手段；同时为利用计算机进一步开发基于ＰＬＣ信息的故障诊断系统诊断信息的获取提供了可靠的渠道。     

微计算机化低速数据采集系统

本系统使用一台微计算机ＣＢＭ４０３２美国ＣＯＭＭＯＤＯＲＥ公司）。它将４个通道的 数据经Ａ／Ｄ转换后读入计算机并存入软磁盘。该系统借助于一个外加接口可以通过 ＲＳ－２３２串行口把数据送到大型计算机中去。     

HCFC—22替代冷媒空调系统的研究

随着氟里昂限制的强化，目前制冷空调广泛采用的ＨＣＦＣ－２２等ＨＣＦＣ系统媒也从１９９６年起冻给其消耗量，至２０２０年原则上予以淘汰，三菱公司致力于开发能适应可望替代ＨＣＦＣ－２２的ＨＦＣ系三种非共沸混合冷媒Ｒ４０７Ｃ的冷冻机油；建立适应非共沸混合冷媒的高精度导热系数予测方程，以及利用该方程确立循环冷媒成分和系统性能的预测方法。应用这些关键技术的成果进行有关Ｒ４０７Ｃ系统性能改善的应用研究。结果表明     

平面三环复杂机构位置分析的符号法求解

本文基于数学机械化方法和计算机符号处理技术，对平面三环复杂机构的位置分析进行了符号法求解，该法成功地将一组非线性多项式方程化简为一组等价的三角化方程，导出了单变量的２４次代数方程，符号推导和符号运算借助于计算机代数系统ＲＥＤＵＣＥ完成，并给出了一个数字实例说明这种方法。     

对柯达CAR接口模块的分析

对柯达ＣＡＲ接口模块的分析西安电子科技大学舒炳珍图２ＣＡＲ接口模块的连接一、概况ＣＡＲ（计算机辅助检索）接口模块是柯达公司为计算机终端与ＩＭＴ－１５０缩微影像终端机（以下简称１５０机）单向通讯而设计的通讯模块，如图１所示。该模块一端通过ＲＳ－２３２Ｃ...     

回转体零件CAD／CAPP／CAM集成系统的研究与开发

本文阐述了北京第一机床厂在ＣＩＭＳ环境下，通过对零件特征的分析，提出了一种实用的描述产品零件的方法，在此基础上实现了回转体零件的ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ集成系统的开发。重点论述了该系统的总体框架设计和主要功能：ＣＡＤ特征定义及描述；基于商品ＣＡＤ软件ＩＣＥＭＤＤＮ之上的特征造型；应用通用专家智能系统开发工具，建立工艺知识模型及推理系统；经相应的后置处理实现ＮＣ程序的自动生成及以ＯＲＡＣＬＥ。ＥＤＬ     

采用RS—485串行接口测试系统的远距离通讯

介绍了在计算机互联系统中常用的ＲＳ－２３２Ｃ、ＲＳ－４２２Ａ、ＲＳ－４８５串行通讯标准的特点，给出了用于远距离通讯的ＲＳ－４８５接口电路，可用于工厂、企业智能化测试仪器的连网。     

运用一步化体外转录—翻译系统筛查基因突变的新技术

报道了一种筛查基因突变的新技术－ＰＣＲ结合一步化体外转转录－翻译系统。该技术包括：（１）ＰＣＲ扩增靶ＤＮＡ片段，并使ＤＮＡ产物的一端或两端带上Ｔ７Ｔ１序列；（Ｔ１：翻译起始信号，ＣＣＡ ＣＣＡ ＴＧ）；（２）以核的为模板，利用一步化体外转录－翻译系统合成相应肽链；（３）用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ及高分辨ｐＨ梯度ＰＡＧＥ（聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳）分离分析多肽产物，通过异常电泳图谱而发现基因突变，本文以已知突变的     

磁电阻效应的计算机辅助测试

概述了薄膜磁电阻效应的测试原理，着重分析了利用计算机实现磁电阻效应测试的智能化软件ＭＲＣＡＴ（Ｍａｇｎｅｔｏｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ Ａｉｄｅｄ Ｔｅｓｔ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）的设计。该系统集数据采样、数据处理、参数计算等功能于一体，具有交互性强、用户界面友好等特点。同时ＭＲＣＡＴ系统还能在计算机屏蔽、打印机上绘出被测样品的磁电阻效应曲线，并生成标准ＰＣＸ图象文件以供引用。     

纤维／聚合物基体界面性能的原位表征

建立了复合材料界面强度原位测试系统，研制出界面剪切强度有限元分析软件并探讨了影响界面剪应力分析的因素，提出了改进的微观力学模型；利用该系统，研究了表面经不同改性处理的ＣＦ增强ＰＭＲ—１５聚酰亚胺复合材料界面的微观力学性能，结果表明：有效的表面处理可使ＣＦ／ＰＭＲ—１５界面剪切强度明显提高，并与其宏观性能具有较好的对应趋势。本文还初步探讨了界面破坏的过程。     

The Routine and Emergency Coordinated Management of Public Security

The paper presents a study based on the observation of public security programme situations.Nowadays, public security management is faced with challenges such as the increase in non-traditional safety threats, high occurrence probability, obvious complex chain reactions, high security demand, vulnerable bearing systems and world-wide influences. For the new adapted requirements of public security management, this paper puts forward the concept of the coordinated routine and emergency management, which combines the routine management at normal status and the emergency management at the abnormal status based on the whole process of public security management. This paper analyzes the coordinated management system and establishes the decision-making objectives, decision-making model and constraints. In addition, this paper proposes the basic strategy of achieving the coordinated management of public security.     

潮流分析和鸟群优化在风水协同运行中的应用

风力发电的随机性导致弃风。考虑在实际发电约束以及电网络约束条件下,运用水电的调峰调频特性,最大化平抑风电出力的波动性,使风电出力与水电出力之和按照计划输出,将风电处理成可供电力系统实施调度计划的稳定发电节点。为了提高风水协同发电总输出功率平稳性,提出了基于鸟群算法的风水协同运行控制方法。在控制系统寻优前进行系统潮流计算,在保证系统潮流安全条件下,有效地控制水轮机组出力,快速追踪期望输出功率。算例验证了上述方法的有效性,并且分析了高弃风惩罚和高功率波动惩罚对风电水电协同运行的影响。     

基于膏体充填的煤矿绿色开采激励机制研究

膏体充填开采技术以其提高资源采出率、促进安全生产、有效保护环境的特点,成为煤矿绿色开采体系的重要组成部分。膏体充填协调采煤维护原有环境状态的同时,会带来新的环境治理成本。考虑建立政府与煤矿企业的委托代理模型,分析不同约束条件,设计政府对企业的激励机制,鼓励企业采用膏体充填协调采煤,实现完全成本核算体系。这对于实现煤炭产业协调可持续发展是有利的。     

A logistics scheduling model: scheduling and transshipment for two processing centers

Logistics scheduling refers to problems in which decisions on job scheduling and transportation are integrated into a single framework. A logistics scheduling model for two processing centers that are located in different cities is presented. Each processing center has its own customers. When the demand in one processing center exceeds its processing capacity, it is possible to use part of the capacity of the other processing center subject to a job transshipment delay. Such a coordinated scheduling situation can be modeled as a parallel-machine scheduling problem with transshipment between the machines. We study problems with different objective functions and constraints, and propose various algorithms to solve these problems. Discussions on the benefits and incentives for the coordinated approach are presented.     

Evolving controllers for a homogeneous system of physical robots: structured cooperation with minimal sensors

We report on recent work in which we employed artificial evolution to design neural network controllers for small, homogeneous teams of mobile autonomous robots. The robots were evolved to perform a formation-movement task from random starting positions, equipped only with infrared sensors. The dual constraints of homogeneity and minimal sensors make this a non-trivial task. We describe the behaviour of a successful system in which robots adopt and maintain functionally distinct roles in order to achieve the task. We believe this to be the first example of the use of artificial evolution to design coordinated, cooperative behaviour for real robots.     

含弹簧阻尼装置空间机器人捕获卫星操作力学分析及缓冲、柔顺控制

为了在空间机器人捕获卫星操作过程中保护关节不受冲击破坏,在电机与机械臂之间加入了一种弹簧阻尼装置(SDD)。该装置不仅能够吸收、消耗冲击能量,还能配合柔顺策略将冲击力矩限制在安全范围内。分别利用含耗散力Lagrange方程法与Newton-Euler法建立了碰撞前的分体系统动力学方程;基于位置、速度约束与牛顿第三定律导出了碰撞后的混合体系统动力学方程,且对碰撞冲击效应与碰撞力进行了计算;针对捕获操作碰撞时间短、数据源少的问题提出了一种基于Barrier-Lyapunov函数的自适应积分强化学习控制方案;通过Lyapunov定理证明了系统的稳定性,通过数值仿真表明了SDD的抗冲击性能与柔顺策略的有效性。     

执行器受限空间机器人的模糊神经网络控制

空间机器人关节执行器输出力矩幅值及幅值变化率受限的情况,是其在太空应用中不可避免要面临的实际问题。为此该文讨论了关节执行器输出力矩幅值及幅值率受限情况下参数未知空间机器人系统协调运动的动力学控制问题。依据系统动量守恒关系和拉格朗日第二类方程,推导了漂浮基空间机器人系统的动力学方程。以此为基础,针对关节执行器输出力矩幅值及幅值率受限的情况,设计了一种自适应模糊神经网络控制器,以使空间机器人系统的本体姿态和机械臂关节铰协调地跟踪各自在关节空间的期望运动轨迹。该控制方案由自适应模糊神经网络控制器及抗饱和参数自适应律构成。首先利用有限差分法将幅值率受限条件转化为幅值受限条件,并与该文预设的力矩受限条件比较以确定每个采样时刻的力矩动态受限范围;然后再通过设计一个抗饱和参数自适应律来确保执行器的输出力矩在动态受限范围内。基于Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了该控制器可确保控制系统是渐近稳定的。仿真对比实验证明了该控制方案的有效性。     

Establishing reorder points in the (S,c,s) coordinated control system under compound Poisson demand

This paper is concerned with the coordinated control of a group of inventoried items in order to reduce the costs of replenishments. The specific control system considered is what is denoted as an (S,c,s) system. The very general case of compound Poisson demand is considered. In earlier work a procedure was developed for finding the order-up-to levels (i.e. the Ss) and the can-order points (i.e. the cs) for the case of a negligible lead time. Taking these quantities as input an algorithm is developed for finding the must-order points (i.e the.s values) so as to satisfy one of two types of service constraints specified item by item. The results of two numerical illustrations are also shown.     

A hybrid Benders approach for coordinated capacitated lot-sizing of multiple product families with set-up times

We examine a coordinated capacitated lot-sizing problem for multiple product families, where demand is deterministic and time-varying. The problem considers set-up and holding costs, where capacity constraints limit the number of individual item and family set-up times and the amount of production in each period. Using a strong reformulation and relaxing the demand constraints, we improve both the upper and lower bounds using a combination of Benders decomposition and an evolutionary algorithm, followed by subgradient optimisation. Through computational experiments, we show that our method consistently achieves better bounds, reducing the duality gap compared to other single-family methods studied in the literature.     

Decentralized linear quadratic power system stabilizers for multi-machine power systems

Linear quadratic stabilizers are well-known for their superior control capabilities when compared to the conventional lead?Clag power system stabilizers. However, they have not seen much of practical importance as the state variables are generally not measurable; especially the generator rotor angle measurement is not available in most of the power plants. Full state feedback controllers require feedback of other machine states in a multi-machine power system and necessitate block diagonal structure constraints for decentralized implementation. This paper investigates the design of Linear Quadratic Power System Stabilizers using a recently proposed modified Heffron?CPhillip??s model. This model is derived by taking the secondary bus voltage of the step-up transformer as reference instead of the infinite bus. The state variables of this model can be obtained by local measurements. This model allows a coordinated linear quadratic control design in multi machine systems. The performance of the proposed controller has been evaluated on two widely used multi-machine power systems, 4 generator 10 bus and 10 generator 39 bus systems. It has been observed that the performance of the proposed controller is superior to that of the conventional Power System Stabilizers (PSS) over a wide range of operating and system conditions.